International personal contacts after the CSCE: Specificity of personal contacts in international relations
In: Studies on international relations, Heft 10, S. 7-24
ISSN: 0324-8283
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In: Studies on international relations, Heft 10, S. 7-24
ISSN: 0324-8283
World Affairs Online
In: International review of sport sociology: irss ; a quarterly edited on behalf of the International Sociology of Sport Association (ISSA), Band 13, Heft 3, S. 65-74
The aim of the investigation — to bring to light the influence of mass sport on the development of solidarity of small formal groups, functioning within the production system. In order to solve the research tasks methods applied were: poll questioning, scaling, interviews, sociometry and pedagogical experiment. Shown were the basic socio-psychological factors of influence of mass sport on the process of integration of small formal groups, functioning in the system of pro duction. Ways were established of the influence of sport on the formation of pro duction contacts. The most effective forms of recreation and mass sport were studied from the point of view of their utilization with the aim of enhancing group integra tion of individuals. An analysis has been carried out of the role of contacts in the development of group solidarity of small formal and informal groups, functioning both in the pro duction system and on the basis of common sport activity. On the basis of numerous investigations, the role has been shown of sport activity as a factor of forming socio-cultural relations in the production sphere.
In: Journal of economic studies, Band 47, Heft 1, S. 64-90
ISSN: 1758-7387
PurposeThis paper investigates the relationship between (1) business cycle and use of personal contacts to obtain job and (2) use of personal contacts to obtain job and wages.Design/methodology/approachFor this, we use data from the Monthly Employment Survey (2002–2015) from Brazil which has detailed information on individual and job characteristics. In addition, we investigate the impact of referrals on wage using quantile regressions.FindingsTime-varying parameter estimates indicate that the relationship between business cycle and use of personal contacts became less countercyclical over time. In general, they show that there is more evidence of a slow changing relationship between personal contacts and the business cycle over time rather than a sudden and discrete one. Using quantile regressions, we observed that, controlling for similar observable characteristics, and including unobserved heterogeneity, wage differences between workers using personal contacts versus workers using others channels disappear. The evidences indicate that workers resort to personal contacts because of valuation of non-pecuniary job characteristics.Practical implicationsThe results suggest that, in designing subsidy or affirmative action programs, attention to network effects is important. Social networks can help labor markets run more smoothly by alleviating information frictions.Originality/valueThis study extends the existing literature by providing empirical evidence of the use of personal contacts for the Brazil. Although there are many studies and methods for measuring use of personal contacts, to our knowledge, there are no studies using a time-varying parameters model.
In: Bulletin international des sciences sociales, Band 7, Heft 1, S. 66-70
ISSN: 1011-114X
In: Congressional quarterly weekly report, Band 52, S. 2537 : il(s)
ISSN: 0010-5910, 1521-5997
In: Journalism & mass communication quarterly: JMCQ, Band 74, Heft 2, S. 265-284
ISSN: 2161-430X
This study tests hypotheses derived from extremity-complexity and stage theories of stereotyping which predict that frequency of contact with a minority group leads to knowledge which then leads to positive group evaluations. We also test hypotheses from learning theories of behavior which predict that evaluations of contact with minority groups determine group evaluations. The hypotheses are tested for direct personal contact and vicarious contact via television. We administered questionnaires to white college students to measure the contact variables and stereotypes of Native Americans. Results show strong support for the learning hypotheses, but not for extremity-complexity theories of stereotyping. Evaluations of first contact as pleasant or unpleasant, frequency of contact, and evaluations of TV portrayals as negative or positive predict stereotyping. Implications for stereotyping theories are discussed.
In: Representation, Band 1, Heft 4, S. 3-3
ISSN: 1749-4001
In: Journalism & mass communication quarterly: J&MCQ ; devoted to research in journalism and mass communication, Band 74, Heft 2, S. 265-284
ISSN: 1077-6990
In: Bulletin international des sciences sociales, Band 7, Heft 1, S. 51-58
ISSN: 1011-114X
In: Political research quarterly: PRQ ; official journal of the Western Political Science Association and other associations, Band 62, Heft 2, S. 355-365
ISSN: 1938-274X
Using data from an unusual survey, we gauge factors influencing support for a state anti—gay rights referendum. After controlling for other powerful predictors of attitudes, we find personal contact (especially relevant and voluntary contact) has an important impact on public support, although community context does not. These findings support an integrated notion of interactions with "out" groups, grounded in social categorization theory, that sees community context and interpersonal contact as concentric circles, moving from abstract, detached forms of contact to more pronounced, personal forms. However, even among those with substantial interpersonal contact, support for the referendum was still widespread.
In: Political research quarterly: PRQ ; official journal of the Western Political Science Association and other associations, Band 62, Heft 2
ISSN: 1938-274X
Using data from an unusual survey, we gauge factors influencing support for a state anti-gay rights referendum. After controlling for other powerful predictors of attitudes, we find personal contact (especially relevant and voluntary contact) has an important impact on public support, although community context does not. These findings support an integrated notion of interactions with 'out' groups, grounded in social categorization theory, that sees community context and interpersonal contact as concentric circles, moving from abstract, detached forms of contact to more pronounced, personal forms. However, even among those with substantial interpersonal contact, support for the referendum was still widespread. Adapted from the source document.
In: Human relations: towards the integration of the social sciences, Band 20, Heft 1, S. 29-40
ISSN: 1573-9716, 1741-282X
In: American politics research, Band 30, Heft 3, S. 307-322
ISSN: 1552-3373
Recent studies hold out political mobilization as the possible solution to low and declining voter turnout. This research explores the effects of face-to-face mobilization efforts that, in the course of 7 months, reached more than 4,500 registered voters in a Florida State House primary race. Controlling for their past voting history, the mobilization effort did increase turnout by about 10% of the electorate. However, the effects were dependent on the timing of the contact, as more distant efforts to mobilize had a much weaker effect on turnout. The combination of distant contact aimed at an infrequent voter was especially ineffective in improving turnout. The results suggest that implementing more face-to-face mobilization efforts would increase turnout but that the window of opportunity for such efforts is limited.
In: American politics research, Band 30, Heft 3, S. 307-322
ISSN: 1532-673X
In: Journalism & mass communication quarterly: JMCQ, Band 76, Heft 4, S. 659-672
ISSN: 2161-430X
The research presented in this paper explored the relationship between personal contact, viewing media portrayals of people with disabilities, and audience's reactions to them. Viewers of positive portrayals of the disabled on television programs and in the movies were more likely to perceive discrimination and less likely to say they had negative emotions when encountering people with disabilities, but more often said they were uncomfortable with them. Having a close friend or relative with a disability was generally unrelated to perceptions of discrimination, but was associated with less frequently having negative emotions and more often feeling uncomfortable with disabilities.