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Shows how, in Mexico, the Global Disney Audiences Project is opening "soft & cool" access to global culture. The global & local cultures are mainly complementary in the interpenetration process between Disney & both the social & the personal systems in Mexico. 12 References. Adapted from the source document.

Objectives: To prevent and control COVID-19 infections, nursing homes across the world have taken very restrictive measures, including a ban for visitors. These restrictive measures have an enormous impact on residents' well-being and pose dilemmas for staff, although primary data are lacking. A Dutch guideline was developed to cautiously open nursing homes for visitors during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports the first findings on how the guideline was applied in the local context; the compliance to local protocols; and the impact on well-being of residents, their family caregivers, and staff. Design: A mixed-methods cross-sectional study was conducted. Setting and Participants: In total, 26 nursing homes were permitted to enlarge their possibilities for allowing visitors in their facility. These nursing homes were proportionally representative of the Netherlands as they were selected by their local Area Health Authority for participation. At each nursing home, a contact person was selected for participation in the current study. Methods: A mixed-methods cross-sectional study was conducted, consisting of questionnaire, telephone interviews, analyses of documentation (ie, local visiting protocols), and a WhatsApp group. Results: Variation in local protocols was observed, for example, related to the use of personal protective equipment, location, and supervision of visits. In general, experiences were very positive. All nursing homes recognized the added value of real and personal contact between residents and their loved ones and indicated a positive impact on well-being. Compliance with local guidelines was sufficient to good. No new COVID-19 infections were reported during this time. Conclusions and Implications: These results indicate the value of family visitation in nursing homes and positive impact of visits. Based on these results, the Dutch government has decided to allow all nursing homes in the Netherlands to cautiously open their homes using the guidelines. More research is needed on impact ...

Objective: To explore and interpret the experiences of pregnant women in Macao during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Recruitment advertisements were published through multiple social platforms in Macao. A purposive snowball sampling method was adopted to select interviewees. Eighteen women who were confirmed as pregnant from January to May 2020 participated in this qualitative study. Data was collected from November to December 2020 using in-depth personal interviews. One-to-one interviews were conducted by telephone to avoid personal contact. Thematic analysis was used to perform the data analysis and identify emergent themes. Results: Five themes emerged from the data analysis: changes in daily life, psychological distress, unique experiences of pregnancy follow-up, trying to pay attention to health information but also feeling overwhelmed, and change in hygiene behaviors due to fear of infection. Six sub-themes were identified: being confined at home but understanding the reasons, financial pressures and timely support from the government, perceived risk of catching the infection, retaining optimism with various help and support, adequate personal protections, and obsessive hygiene behaviors. Conclusion: During a pandemic, there is a risk of greater individual isolation, particularly for vulnerable groups such as women in pregnancy. The humanized attention to and support for the residents from the government buffered the adverse impact on the study participants. Preplanning for such events is needed to focus on psychological distress, financial constraints, and prenatal health services. Alternative service delivery, such as telemedicine, online counseling, and virtual reality (VR) technology, should be applied to offer pregnant women timely support and avoid a crisis.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Original Title Page -- Original Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- 1. Introduction -- 2. The Aid Process -- Introduction -- The Total Volume of Aid -- The Share Received by Different Countries -- How the Aid is Used -- Implementation and Follow-up -- Conclusion -- 3. Leverage -- Donor Self-interest -- The Interest of the Recipient -- Efficiency and Good Management -- Terms of Aid -- Multilateral and Bilateral Donors -- The Role of Technical Assistance -- The Merits and Demerits of Leverage -- Conclusion -- 4. Motives and Interests -- Politicians on the Donor Side -- Civil Servants on the Donor Side -- Politicians on the Recipient Side -- Civil Servants on the Recipient Side -- The Intermediaries -- Conclusion -- 5. The Problems of Foreign Aid -- Delay -- Lack of Results -- Inequitable Benefits -- Unwanted Side Effects -- Maintenance -- Profligate Use of Capital and Foreign Exchange -- Lack of Skilled Manpower -- The Formation of an Alien Elite -- Conclusion -- 6. Alternatives -- Trade -- Investment -- Migration -- Financing Recurrent Costs -- Financing Local Costs -- Programme not Project Aid -- Untying Aid -- Multilateral not Bilateral Aid -- Country or Sector Concentration -- Continuity within the Recipient Country -- Improved Project Identification and Preparation -- Use of Non-governmental Organisations -- Emphasis on Training -- Increasing Personal Contact -- Automatic Transfers -- 7. Conclusion -- Statistical Appendix -- Index.

Dedication -- Preface -- Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Part 1: Surrogate Motherhood in Historical, Theoretical, Research and Organisational Contexts -- References -- 1: Introduction to Surrogacy: Historical and Present Day Context -- Background -- Historical Perspective -- Surrogacy -- Gestational Surrogacy -- Genetic Surrogacy -- Commissioning Parents -- Surrogate Mothers -- Altruistic Surrogacy -- Commercial Surrogacy -- Global Surrogacy -- Incidence and Practice Perspectives -- Procreation and the Family -- Reasons Why People Use Surrogacy -- Reasons Why Women Become Surrogates -- Effects on Others in the Network -- Social Support in Surrogacy Arrangements -- The Benefits of Personal Contact -- Surrogate Motherhood Arrangements -- Summary -- References -- 2: Theoretical Perspectives and the Social Context -- Theories -- Traditional Family Theory -- Political Feminist Models -- Feminist Theories -- Geographical Theories -- The Social Context -- Perceived Acceptability of Surrogacy -- Attitudes Towards Surrogacy -- Media Framing -- Summary -- References -- 3: The Process of Surrogacy -- Commissioning and Facilitating Family Building -- Organisations Involved with Surrogacy Arrangements -- Extreme Surrogacy -- Counselling -- Summary -- References -- Part 2: Research on Surrogate Mothers, Commissioning Parents, Parenting and the Surrogate Offspring -- References -- 4: Surrogate Mothers -- Suitability Assessment in Surrogate Motherhood -- Effects of Differences in Surrogate Motherhood -- Contracting a Pregnancy with a Surrogate Mother -- Informed Consent -- Characteristics of a Surrogate Mother -- Personality Profile -- Motivations to Become a Surrogate Mother -- Empowerment and Knowledge -- The Surrogate Mother/Commissioning Parent Relationship -- The Psychosocial Context of Surrogate Motherhood

The article is based on a comparative study that aimed to determine whether on-campus residence may exert an influence on students' academic performance. Eighty participants from the Faculty of Humanities at one of the universities of technology in Soshanguve, South Africa, were sampled to participate in the study. The rationale behind this was that the Faculty of Humanities offers day classes and evening classes, which are attended by both on-campus and off-campus students. Quota sampling was used to select the participants. From an academic perspective, the study attempted to ascertain which of the afore-mentioned residences can contribute to students' academic success. The study found that on-campus students have a greater chance of performing well, when compared to their counterparts, the off-campus students. The findings further revealed that there is a dialectical relationship between students' academic performance and their residence. The study records the following qualitative variables to academic success: access to safety and an environment that is conducive to learning, academic tutorship and mentorship programmes, social and personal contact relationships, and library and internet resources. In this quest, these variables are crucial to the enhancement of students' learning development.

The present paper intends to provide an overview and a critical assessment of the administrative simplification policies implemented in Portugal over the past 20+ years. Throughout these decades, the major instruments for administrative simplification have been: (i) Decree-Law n. 135/99, of 22 April; (ii) the Simplex programme; (iii) the 2015 new Code of Administrative Procedure and its 2021 amendment; and (iv) the COVID-19 legislation. Although Decree-Law n. 135/99 (i) was the first attempt to specifically address simplification, it was a very thin one. The Simplex programme (ii), created in 2006, was the first cross-sectoral robust policy of simplification; its motto is "the simpler the better" and it encompassed reforms in all government areas aiming at cutting red tape, promoting administrative efficiency, and making the citizens' and the corporations' lives easier when dealing with State. The new Code of Administrative Procedure (iii), approved in 2015, brought about specific normative solutions to simplify procedures, namely, prior communications, administrative assistance, procedural conferences, and the electronic one-stop shop. Finally, the COVID-19 legislation (iv) was made necessary by the COVID-19 pandemic and by the fact that public health restrictions made it impossible for citizens to establish personal contact with the administration in many cases.

The present paper intends to provide an overview and a critical assessment of the administrative simplification policies implemented in Portugal over the past 20+ years. Throughout these decades, the major instruments for administrative simplification have been: (i) Decree-Law n. 135/99, of 22 April; (ii) the Simplex programme; (iii) the 2015 new Code of Administrative Procedure and its 2021 amendment; and (iv) the COVID-19 legislation. Although Decree-Law n. 135/99 (i) was the first attempt to specifically address simplification, it was a very thin one. The Simplex programme (ii), created in 2006, was the first cross-sectoral robust policy of simplification; its motto is "the simpler the better" and it encompassed reforms in all government areas aiming at cutting red tape, promoting administrative efficiency, and making the citizens' and the corporations' lives easier when dealing with State. The new Code of Administrative Procedure (iii), approved in 2015, brought about specific normative solutions to simplify procedures, namely, prior communications, administrative assistance, procedural conferences, and the electronic one-stop shop. Finally, the COVID-19 legislation (iv) was made necessary by the COVID-19 pandemic and by the fact that public health restrictions made it impossible for citizens to establish personal contact with the administration in many cases.

AbstractThe introduction of technology, particularly mobile phones, in the mediation of commercial sex work (CSW) has meant that sex work is expanding from traditional venue based (such as through hotels and massage parlors) work to freelance sex work. It has also changed the face-to-face negotiation in commercial sex work to negotiations mediated online or by phone. Apart from a few programmes, interventions largely use establishments as entry points for their programming and are therefore excluding many girls and women who engage in CSW through personal contacts or facilitated by social media. This article is based on a two-year qualitative study in four districts of Nepal, in Delhi (India), and the Indo-Nepal border in eastern Nepal. It gives a short overview of the girls and their life in the adult entertainment sector (AES), which is the main entry point for CSW, and discusses how technology is increasingly used to mediate CSW. Based on our findings, which show that technology is displacing establishment-based CSW in Nepal, we argue that to ensure that we do not leave girls behind, programmes and interventions targeting venues where girls engage in CSW should re-consider their strategies for reaching girls working in the AES.

In Switzerland, Islam and Muslims are repeatedly the subject of political debates and, thus, of media reporting. While content analyses show a certain bias in Western media coverage of Islam and Muslims, relatively little is known about the audience's perspective on media bias in this context. Using data from an online survey of the Swiss population (n = 976), this study examines people's perceptions of bias in the media coverage of Islam and Muslims in Switzerland and how it relates to their intention to vote on the popular initiative "Yes to a veil ban". The study was conducted in March 2019, two years before the actual vote took place on 7 March 2021. The results show that the majority of the Swiss non-Muslim population perceives the reporting as distorted. In the study's investigation of media bias perceptions, attitudes towards Islam and Muslims, political orientation and personal contact with Muslims proved to be the most relevant influencing factors. By contrast, exposure to political information via traditional news media and social media was not associated with bias perceptions. Finally, a stronger perception that the media understate certain problems related to Islam and Muslims in Switzerland was positively related to people's intention to vote for a national ban on wearing burkas or niqabs in public.

AbstractFraming the global in U.S. undergraduate education has significantly entailed "field" experiences. How have such activities prepared students to understand the interaction of daily life with larger institutions, structures, and processes? How to incorporate attention to the contradictions and untenable translations of a locale and its global entanglements into pedagogical responses to a pandemic that has significantly halted physical mobility and personal contact? This article takes up questions of how a certain conceptualization of ethnography could inform efforts to design new pedagogies for global studies. Building off a recent discussion in anthropology, I argue that the concept of ethnographic "sensibility" provides a productive entry point to discovering and articulating insights into the forms and dynamics of a population and place as shaped by interactions with other populations and places in time and space. I draw from my own experiences with the pre-pandemic piloting of an online course in media ethnography. I highlight examples of student work that point in one direction for how to engage students of global studies in profound field experiences, perhaps even when accessed digitally. This article employs the articulation of entry points for global research for the crafting of entry points for pedagogy.

В статье рассматриваются основные направления трансформации маркетинговой деятельности туристских компаний в условиях сокращения туристского потока. Изменения экономической и политической ситуации привели к переменам в поведении потребителей туристских услуг, в результате чего компаниям необходимо искать новые подходы к сегментации рынка, изменять способы продвижения, активизировать личное общение, формировать уникальное торговое предложение. Отдельное внимание уделено применению таких инструментов малобюджетного продвижения, как вирусный маркетинг и кросс-маркетинг. Основной акцент в статье сделан на доступности предложенных инструментов для небольших туристских компаний, не располагающих большим бюджетом на маркетинг. ; This article discusses the basic directions of the transformation of marketing activity of tourist companies in the face of shrinking tourist flow. Changes in the economic and political situation have resulted in changes in the behaviour of consumers of tourism services, with the result that companies need to find new approaches to market segmentation, change ways to promote, intensify personal contact, forming a unique selling proposition. Special attention is given to the use of lowcost tools such as viral marketing promotions and cross-marketing. The main focus of the article placed on the availability of the proposed instruments for small tourist companies, do not have a large budget for marketing.

With reference to Gaito Gazdanov's literary heritage (works of fiction and political essays, critical works and letters), the author considers the problem of the writer's complicated attitude towards Soviet Russia, its ideology, policy and culture. In the article, the author singles out three periods in Gazdanov's relationships with the Soviet world, namely 1) the 1920-1930s when he still could think of going back to his motherland; 2) World War II and the postwar period, a time for a closer personal contact with the Soviet people, and a new subsequent self-determination in relation to the Soviet policy; 3) work for Radio Liberty. ; Рассматривается роман Гайто Газданова «Полет» как гипертекст особого типа русского классического романа, в котором изображается семейная драма главного героя-рационалиста (прежде всего – «Обыкновенной истории» и «Обломова», т. е. своего рода метаромана Гончарова). Не бинарная (как обычно считается), а тернарная структура этого метаромана сознательно трансформирована в «Полете». Интертекстуальная и повествовательные стратегии Газданова направлены главным образом на реабилитацию деятельного метагероя (Петр Адуев, Андрей Штольц), который в произведениях Гончарова обвиняется в холодности и бессердечности. Писатель XX в., преодолевая некоторый схематизм художественного мышления русских классиков XIX в., стремится увидеть подлинное многообразие и неуловимость реальности.