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Michael Wallace reports a very pronounced curvilinear relationship between a new measure of the polarization of the state system and warfare during 1815-1964. He suggests considerable caution when interpreting the results and urges replication. This is a replication. Given the original cautions, the additional ones made here, and the results of a reanalysis, the conclusion is clear. There is no relationship—linear, monotonic, or nonmonotonic—between polarization and the number, severity, or magnitude of international wars during the period 1815-1976.

THE NEW BRITISH GOVERNMENT THAT WILL TAKE OFFICE IN 1997 FACES THE DIFFICULT TASK OF RE-ESTABLISHING THE CREDIBILITY OF THE PEACE PROCESS IN NORTHERN IRELAND. IT MUST DO SO AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF INCREASED POLARIZATION BETWEEN THE PROTESTANT COMMUNITY, WHICH LARGELY FAVORS CONTINUED UNION WITH BRITAIN, AND THE CATHOLIC COMMUNITY, WHICH GENERALLY WANTS CLOSER LINKS WITH THE IRISH REPUBLIC. INTERNATIONAL OBSERVERS ARE WAITING TO SEE IF A COMBINATION OF THE NEW WESTMINSTER GOVERNMENT, THE SECOND CLINTON ADMINISTRATION, AND THE IRISH GOVERNMENT FORMED AFTER THE REPUBLIC'S 1997 GENERAL ELECTIONS CAN PERSUADE THE PARTIES IN NORTHERN IRELAND TO REACH A POLITICAL SETTLEMENT THAT WILL ENSURE LASTING PEACE.

The central polarizations inherent in management theory are systematically analyzed. Group field dynamics, an integration and extension of Bales's SYMLOG and Lewin's field theory, is presented as a unifying model that allows for the detailed exploration of polarizations within management groups. A stereotypical key management group is then taken as the starting point for a consideration of polarization within organizations. A computer-assisted method of polarization analysis and an automated report writer are demonstrated and three other configurations of group members are discussed in terms of level of polarization and predicted team effectiveness.

Chapter 1 Polarization in Post-Industrial Societies: Social and Economic Roots and Consequences -- I The Concept of Polarization -- II The Causes of Polarization: Economic Restructuring -- III The Changing Nature of Employment and the Polarized Nature of Cities -- IV Linking Groups and Economic Change -- V Relating Social to Spatial Polarization -- VI Propositions for the Study of Social Polarization -- VI.a Propositions -- VII Conclusions -- Chapter 2 Social Polarization in Post-Industrial London -- I From Pre-Industrial to Post-Industrial City -- II The Emergence of the Post-Industrial City -- III Social Polarization in London -- IV Race and Ethnicity in London -- V Issues of Policy -- Chapter 3 Social Segmentation and Spatial Polarization in Greater Paris -- I The Economic and Political Roles of Paris -- I.a Paris as an International and National Metropolis -- I. b Paris as a National Capital -- II Regional and Local Forms and Processes of Polarization and Segregation -- II.a Processes of Social Polarization -- II.b Residential Segregation -- III Social Policies against Polarization and Residential Segregation -- III.a Urban Renewal in Paris and Social Polarization in the Metropolis -- III.b The District of La Défense -- III. c New Towns as Growth Centers -- III d Social Housing: Is there a Duality in the Suburban Housing Market? -- IV Present Stakes and Future Challenges of Segregation -- IV. a Suburban Crisis: Social Crisis or Housing Crisis? -- IV.b Urban Dynamics and Relations between Metropolization and Segregation -- V Conclusion -- Chapter 4 Amsterdam: Urban Change and the Welfare State -- I Introduction -- II Changes Affecting Dutch Society in the Last Quarter-Century -- II.a Economic Restructuring in the Netherlands -- II.b Changing Household Composition in the Netherlands -- II. c International Migration to the Netherlands

Introduces a special journal issue, "The World Today" (see abstracts of related articles), in which contributors explore the central concerns & problems facing humanity at the end of the 20th century, as the post-WWII world order disintegrates & the irrational paradoxes & tendencies of the modern era become increasingly apparent. The goal is not merely to describe the current world situation, but also to identify & evaluate options & obstacles to the establishment of a humanist agenda for the 21st century. A wealth of historical & interdisciplinary studies are offered that provide a comparative overview of the variety of contrasting forms, results, & impacts of such processes as globalization, economic-financial reformulation, international trade, & political-strategic social interaction in diverse regions, nations, & societies. M. Maguire