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This article considers the ideational and political contexts in which Project 5-100, the Russian excellence in higher education initiative emerged, as well as the specificities of its organisational and behavioural model. While Project 5-100 has been studied in the academic literature as regards its efficiency and how it affected the performance and inner workings of the participating universities, the question of how the project came about and the characteristic traits of its internal set-up still remain largely overlooked. The study focuses on the involvement of local and international players, arguing that their successful and organic cooperation influenced both the architecture and the implementation of the project. This paper contributes to the literature on policy networks by showing that transnational actors do not necessarily undermine or challenge state power and can on the contrary help governments implement systemic change. Inspired by the international experience of establishing world-class universities, Project 5-100 was conceived and lobbied by a small but influential group of visionaries pushing for change who – acting in a concerted and purposive manner – acquired a novel and powerful capacity to use international expertise for the development of a key national project, capable of deeply transforming the country's higher educational system.

Social issues created by a network/digital transformation of society are coming to the forefront of political relations. Given such conditions, we are witnessing a large-scale renewal of social-professional structure, an escalation of social competition, an increase in social inequality, and a decline in the status of middle-class citizens. In the long run, the technological revolution might lead to a decrease in living standards for a significant part of the population of developed nations. Transformation of employment effectively undermines the current model for social policy, which has traditionally been built around creating new jobs and decreasing unemployment as the main objective of public administration. Since the turn of the century, the former balanced mechanism for developing social policy has been upset, and the equilibrium and stable social model is gradually deteriorating. The current model of a welfare state and social-political relations based on consolidated interests is at risk. All around the world modern advanced society relies on it and cannot adequately evolve without it. And one of the main objectives for a government would be making sure that social activity doesn't lag behind the occurring changes. However, the current social policy model in a number of countries, including Russia, does not fully correspond with the process of rearrangement, since, given the conditions of a network society, social policy's target groups tend to change. Forecasts of development within the social-labor realm are unfavorable for large groups of workers, who will have to deal with further polarization in terms of social standing and income, unless the government and society implement a set of effective measures. We are in need of alternative policy, based on coordinating the activities of the main participants of social-political relations. This will require a new political approach, aimed at providing a dynamic social balance, an increase in prosperity, and a decrease in poverty and inequality. Policy based on wider support, a broader resource base and increased opportunity for accomplishing relevant tasks seems to bear the most promise. Meanwhile the government needs to consolidate efforts, while performing an intermediary role in the respective system for making political decisions. Such a political network might result in increased social efficiency.

The article considers theoretical conceptualization of the "Network Diplomacy" phenomenon in the Russian and Western political thought as well as practical realization of the "Network Diplomacy" concept for the effective promotion of the Russian foreign policy interests and creation of positive image of Russia abroad. ; В статье рассматриваются вопросы теоретического осмысления понятия «сетевая дипломатия» в российской и западной политической мысли, а также пути практической реализации концепции «сетевой дипломатии» для эффективного продвижения российских внешнеполитических интересов и создания позитивного имиджа России за рубежом.

Blockchain is a new information technology that can be used in many areas of human activity. The fi rst and most famous example of the use of blockchain technology is the Bitcoin cryptocurrency. Today, cryptocurrency has transformed into a publicly recognized means of payment, a virtual currency that is accepted by large and small enterprises, corporations and services. Today, they conduct research and implement a number of projects using Blockchain technology in such areas as healthcare, media, electronic voting, fi le storage, smart contracts, insurance, the public sector (issuing passports, collecting taxes, registering land plots), etc. The IBM Corporation is researching Blockchain technology and is working on the creation of software, with the help of which partners will be able to conclude digital contracts that will be recorded in the global network. IBM is also implementing a project called Adept, which aims to track network-connected devices using Blockchain technology. The purpose of this article is to study the directions of using Blockchain in public policy.

Currently, social networks are increasingly being used as an effective medium for public diplomacy. The article is devoted to the consideration of the phenomenon of Twitter diplomacy and its role in the foreign policy of most countries of the world. The events of recent years show that Twitter has not only become a new tool in diplomatic activity, but also changed the way the diplomatic processes themselves are perceived. Diplomats and world political leaders have begun to understand the benefits of some of Twitter's services and capabilities to maintain the most favorable relationships in a networked public space. Thanks to Twitter, the relationship between social networks and diplomacy began to transform into a dynamically developing modern phenomenon, showing that social networks can play both negative (Twitter revolutions, social instability, the formation of negative public opinion, etc.), and a positive important role in building favorable relations and ensuring peace between peoples. Therefore, Twitter today remains the most popular social network for world political leaders and foreign ministries of several countries.

The necessity to elaborate the Principal Scheme of National Ecological Network (PSNEN) has been caused by new requirements of the national policy in the field of environmental protection. The main purpose of PSNEN elaboration is to develop methodological basis for the next planning cycle in order to develop the system of especially protected nature territories. Such planning is executed in accordance with requirements of National Legislation in the field of especially protected nature territories. Peculiar feature of the proposed methodology consists in the interrelated consideration of urban framework, on the one side, and ecological network, on the other one, as two basic components of the spatial Republican framework. ; Необходимость разработки принципиальной схемы национальной экологической сети (ПСНЭС) возникла в соответствии с новыми требованиями национальной политики в области охраны окружающей среды. Основной целью разработки ПСНЭС стала разработка методологической базы для очередного цикла планирования развития системы особо охраняемых природных территорий. Такое планирование осуществляется в соответствии с требованиями национального законодательства в области особо охраняемых природных территорий. Особенность предложенной методологии заключается во взаимосвязанном рассмотрении урбанизированного каркаса, с одной стороны, и экологической сети, с другой, в качестве основных составляющих пространственного каркаса республики.

Purpose: on the base of analysis of contemporary educational policy justify the
need for creation network research and education center for the study of social
security environment of educational institutions.
Methodology: a theoretical analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature,
a study of official documents governing the safety of education and upgrading of
teacher education.
Results: The purpose and objectives of the network center, principles of
formation of the social security environment of educational institutions.
Practical implications: the system of high education, general education,
additional education of educators.

The paper is devoted to the problem of public policy formation of in social networks. The author analyses the necessity of the formation and promotion of the image of political leaders, their goals and objectives pursued. Specific examples of politicians who have their accounts on various Internet portals, and the nature of their virtual activity are analyzed. ; В статье проводится проблематизация формирования публичной политики в социальных сетях. Осуществлен анализ необходимости формирования и продвижения имиджа политических лидеров, целей и задач, преследуемых ими. Приводятся и анализируются конкретные примеры политиков, имеющих свои аккаунты на различных интернет-порталах, и характер их виртуальной активности.

Повышения публичного характера современной российской политики требует прояснения характеристик сетевых взаимодействий акторов, влияющих на эффективность достижения результатов. К числу факторов, определяющих эффективность управления сетями, мы относим ценности и институты, лежащие в основе конструирования сетевых структур, которые могут быть индикаторами процесса выработки и реализации согласованных публичных программ и решений. ; Improve public policy of the modern Russian requiresnetwork communications to clarify the characteristics of theactors in the effectiveness of achievement. Among the factorsdetermining the efficiency of network management, weassign the values and institutions that underline the design ofnetworks that can by indicators of the process of developmentand implementation of agreed programs and public decisionmaking. ; Пiдвищения публiчного характеру сучасної росiйськоїполiтики вимагає прояснения характеристик межевихвзаємодiй акторiв, що впливають на ефективнiстьдосягнения результатiв. До числа факторiв, що визначаютьефективнiсть управлiння мережами, ми вiдносимо цiнностi,iнстiтути, що лежать в основi конструювання мережевихструктур, яки можуть бути iндикаторами процесувироблення і реалицацiї узгоджених публiчних програм ірішень.

The tendency to reduce electoral activity is one of the acute problems in the sphere of political relations. This trend can be observed not only in the countries of the new, but also in the "old" democracy. Models of economic and political behavior are changing with the development of the information society. People spend more and more time in social networks, plunging into virtual reality, going away from problems of social reality or first-order reality. The problem of using Internet memes in election companies is studied here. This phenomenon has emerged relatively recently and represents a new tendency in modern politics. The main ideas of the theory of memes and the practice of their use in modern politics are briefly described in the article. ; В сфере политических отношений одной из острых проблем является тенденция к снижению электоральной активности. Эта тенденция наблюдается в странах не только новой, но и «старой» демократии. В условиях развития информационного общества меняются модели экономического и политического поведения. Люди все больше времени проводят в социальных сетях, погружаясь в виртуальную реальность, абстрагируясь от проблем социальной действительности или реальности первого порядка. В статье рассматривается проблема использования интернет-мемов в избирательных компаниях. Данная тенденция возникла относительно недавно и представляет собой новый тренд в современной политике. Кратко изложены основные идеи теории мемов и прослежена практика их использования в современной политике.

This article examines the pension policy, which is usually attributed to the direction of the state's social policy. Designed to improve the well-being of the population and ensure a high standard and quality of life. The state pension policy is the basic and one of the most important state guarantees for the stable development of society, since it directly affects the interests of the able-bodied and disabled population. The results of an online survey revealed that the most important condition for creating an effective system of social support for pensioners in the current reality is the improvement of pension policy, as well as the system of social services, the development of new social technologies to provide assistance to the population, in particular the elderly, and the formation of a network of specialized institutions. social services to the population, an increase in the volume and expansion of the list of social services provided by them.

Along with traditional methods of providing information through mass media (periodicals, television and radio), digital sources are also widely used in the modern world, which, although not officially registered mass media, play no less a role in shaping public opinion. The emergence of personal blogs, «live magazines», Internet sites and social networks opened a new platform and provided new opportunities. There are actors of various sizes, from presidents of major States to Housewives, from businessmen to human rights activists. Foreign policy is one of the most popular topics.

The article analyses the main features of the intellectual activity results market through the lens of the product boundaries definition. Frequently the pirated copy is not considered as a substitute for original products in legal cases. However, unlicensed computer programs should be included in the product market boundaries regardless of its legal status if the consumer considers them as substitutes. The difference between these types of products (original and pirated) are hidden not in transformation but in transaction characteristics. It is also important to take into consideration the possible complementarity between pirated and original products expressed in the information and network effects. In order to assess the buyers' choice it is necessary to adjust the methods evaluating product market boundaries prescribed by «The Procedure of market competition analysis» of the Russia's Federal Antimonopoly Service.

Раздел "Международные отношения" ; Динамика международных отношений обусловливает необходимость создания механизмов подготовки, принятия и продвижения решений по вопросам международной деятельности государств с опорой на науку. Наиболее известные приемы проработки внешнеполитических решений — сопоставительная, системная, процедурная методики, метод проблемного структурирования. Активное применение научных разработок указывает на развитие взаимосвязи практики и научного знания. Проблемой остается доведение мнения экспертов до лиц, принимающих решения. Преодолению издержек способствуют исследовательские структуры, целевые научные коллективы («фабрики мысли», в англоязычной версии — think tanks), которые впервые появились в США около 100 лет назад. Следующее поколение «фабрик мысли» возникает после Второй мировой войны. Привлечение научной мысли к разработке политической и государственной стратегии становится все более масштабным. В 70-е гг. XX в. возникает новая генерация экспертных структур с более широкими возможностями и функциями. Окончание «холодной войны» послужило новым толчком к их развитию. «Фабрики мысли» играют важную роль в выработке и обсуждении решений, образуют основу для неформальной дипломатии. Они генерируют идеи, способствуют профессиональному росту политиков, чиновников и экспертов, повышают информированность граждан. Основная ниша их действия — пространство между академическим миром и структурами власти. Наиболее общие тенденции эволюции «фабрик мысли» — количественный рост, сближение с политическими и государственными структурами, тематическая специализация и междисциплинарный подход, оперативный формат продукции, создание экспертных сетей. = Dynamics of the international relations causes the necessity of establishment of mechanisms of preparation, acceptance and promotion of decisions on issues of the international activity of the states with expert support. The most known methods of the study of foreign policy decisions are comparative, systemic, procedural techniques and a method of problem structurization. Active application of research results indicates the developing interrelation between practice and scientific knowledge. A problem there is getting the experts' opinion across to the persons responsible for the decision-making process. Research structures, target scientific groups («think tanks»), which first appeared in the USA about a hundred years ago, promote the overcoming of the barrier. The next generation of «think tanks» arose after the Second World War. Involving scientific thinking in development of political and state strategy is becoming more large-scale. In the 1970s there came a new generation of expert structures with ampler opportunities and functions. The end of the Cold war gave a new impulse to their development. «Think tanks» play an important role in informal diplomacy, development and discussion of decisions. They generate ideas, promote professional growth of politicians, officials and experts, raise citizens' awareness. The basic niche for their action is the space between the academic world and the authority structures. The most general tendencies of the evolution of «think tanks» are quantitative growth, convergence with political and state structures, thematic specialization and interdisciplinary approach, an efficient format of product and the establishment of expert networks.

The article considers the problems in change of the content and character of public policy because of distribution of modern information technologies. The author includes of some functions of traditional media, and also necessity of formation of qualitatively new forms of socio-political interaction at the basis of horizontal network communications on the list of such problems. According to the author, Public Policy Online became today an objective reality, and thus demands respectful attention of the basic participants of modern political process. Formation of political resonance is an important element of modern Online-publicity and creates essentially new possibilities for the state's policy-making of in modern conditions. ; В статье автором рассматриваются проблемы изменения содержания и характера публичной политики вследствие распространения современных информационных технологий. В число таких проблем автор включает исчерпание ряда функций традиционных медиа, а также необходимость формирования качественно новых форм социально-политического взаимодействия на базе горизонтальных сетевых связей. По мнению автора, публичная политика Online стала сегодня объективной реальностью и требует к себе соответствующего внимания основных участников современного политического процесса. Формирование политических резонансов является важным элементом современной Online-публичности и создает принципиально новые возможности для формирования политики государства в современных условиях.