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本研究以一个曾经在文革中施暴的红卫兵──李乾的生命传记为个案,以布迪厄的社会实践理论为理论框架,探讨主体参与文革与记忆、反思文革的实践,以及对文革意义的理解,进而理解一系列红卫兵实践(尤其是暴力实践)的逻辑。不同于已有文革研究的精英史和社会史路径,本研究试图发展一种传记取向的文革研究路径,分析个体生命经验与其所处社会情境,红卫兵的惯习与其所处的场域的复杂关系,由此更深刻地理解文革以及无产阶级专政的政治文化。 ; 首先,本研究聚焦这些红卫兵文革初期对文革的认知、情感机制与行动策略,指出其实践如何受制于无产阶级专政场域与惯习的作用,如何再生产无产阶级专政的政治文化,即再生产无产阶级专政的象征秩序、权力技术、话语方式与组织机制,如何再生产文革"武斗"的直接暴力与"文斗"的话语暴力。并且,本研究试图说明早期"造反者"的"造反"动力来自其与老红卫兵在革命资格竞争中的"相对剥夺感";这种"造反"并不是为了反抗主流的象征秩序,而是努力争取自身在这套象征秩序中的优势位置和资本。 ; 其次,本研究探讨主体生命经验中关键性的暴力事件──"一二.五"事件的实际发生过程,分析"一二.五"事件中这些红卫兵对暴力的认知与情感,以及暴力如何被合法化及赋权,其中的专政对象──"流氓"是如何被建构与想象的,由此揭示特定的政治文化脉络中主体的贱斥动力以及这一暴力实践的逻辑。红卫兵暴力惯习的形塑,不仅受制于文革的革命场域的作用,更受制于建国以来历时性的无产阶级专政场域的作用;同时,这一惯习的运作又在维持和再生产无产阶级专政的政治文化。 ; 此外,本研究探讨主体在"一二.五"事件后,如何在一系列社会互动的过程中,逐步实现了意识的转化和主体性变迁,如何从符号中介的生命经验中引入新的认知与情感机制重新理解"一二.五"事件、文革以及无产阶级专政的政治文化。这种批判性的反思实践与主体所处行动场域中的社会位置以及所能接收的多元的、异质性的符号资源密切相关,可以形塑主体惯习的转化,生产新的社会实践以及相应社会关系的改变。 ; 最后,本研究试图将当下民间文革记忆与反思实践置于文革与后文革、毛时代与后毛时代的连续性与转型的关系之中,指出为民间记忆与反思实践赋权的政治文化意义。这一反记忆实践不仅打捞普通人被遗忘的、被边缘化的文革记忆,也介入对历史与现实的批判,积极争取个体对历史的话语权,与对现实政治、文化的参与权。 ; Taking the life biography of a former Red Guard Li Qian who committed violence during the Cultural Revolution (CR) as a case, this research employs Pierre Bourdieu's theory of social practice to explore the Red Guards' participatory, mnemonic and reflective practices during the CR, as well as their understanding of the CR, with the aim of further understanding the logics of the Red Guards' practices (especially their violent practices). Different from the traditional approaches of political history and social history, this study attempts to develop a biography approach to study the CR. It analyzes the complex relations between individuals' life experiences and their social contexts, between the Red Guards' habitus and the specific field, to understand the political culture of the CR and the Proletarian Dictatorship. ; First, this study focuses on the Red Guards' cognitive and emotional mechanism and action strategy during the early days of the CR. It investigates how their practices are subject to the conditioning of the field and ...

Chan, Siu-han. ; Thesis submitted in: July 2004. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 184-193). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; ABSTRACT --- p.i ; 論文摘要 --- p.ii ; ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.iii ; CONTENTS --- p.v ; INTRODUCTION ; Chapter 1.1 --- Empirical Puzzles and Theoretical Concern --- p.1 ; Chapter 1.2 --- The Cultural Scene in Hong Kong --- p.5 ; Chapter 1.3 --- Defining the New Wave Cinema --- p.8 ; Chapter 1.4 --- The Objectives of the Thesis --- p.12 ; Chapter Chapter 2 --- In Quest of Theoretical Perspective and Analytical Framework ; Chapter 2.1 --- Existing Studies of the New Wave Cinema --- p.13 ; Chapter 2.2 --- The Study of Popular Culture in Hong Kong --- p.21 ; Chapter 2.3 --- Culture Industry: The Approach of the Frankfurt School --- p.28 ; Chapter 2.4 --- The Elective Affinity of Culture Industry with Hong Kong Society --- p.33 ; Chapter 2.5 --- Analytical Framework --- p.36 ; Chapter Chapter 3 --- The Anxiety of Political Subjectivity ; Chapter 3.1 --- Prelude --- p.45 ; Chapter 3.2 --- The Perturbed Hong Kong People --- p.50 ; Chapter 3.3 --- The Hong Kong Diaspora --- p.57 ; Chapter 3.4 --- The Negative Projection on the Colonizers --- p.60 ; Chapter 3.5 --- The Ambivalence Towards the Motherland´ؤChina --- p.66 ; Chapter 3.6 --- Discourse on Political Modernization: The Anxiety of Political Subjectivity --- p.86 ; Chapter Chapter 4 --- The Contradiction of Societal Modernization ; Chapter 4.1 --- Prelude --- p.89 ; Chapter 4.2 --- Looking back at the Pre-modernized Social Order --- p.91 ; Chapter 4.3 --- Rethinking the Entanglement of the Old and the New --- p.102 ; Chapter 4.4 --- Representing the Modernized New Social Order --- p.110 ; Chapter 4.5 --- Discourse on Societal Modernization: The Contradiction of Societal Modernization --- p.123 ; Chapter Chapter 5 --- The Fragility of Hong Kong Cultural Identity ; Chapter 5.1 --- Prelude --- p.126 ; Chapter 5.2 --- Historical Memories as Cultural Receptacles --- p.128 ...

Public discourse on cultural identity was not possible on the island of Taiwan until martial law was lifted there in 1987. While until then culture had mainly been an arena for the suppressed political discourse, the demise of the one-party reign of the Guomindang (KMT) at the end of the 20th century signified not only the transformation from an autocratic to a democratic system but also the end of the cultural hegemony of the mainlanders on the island. The transformation process paved the way for further cultural innovation, the keywords here being education reform, language debate, establishment of new academic disciplines, historiographic reconstruction etc. It has also led to a widespread discussion of a specifically Taiwanese cultural identity which is reflected in literature, language, art, theatre and film. The international workshop "Transformation! - Innovation? Taiwan in her Cultural Dimensions", held at Ruhr University in Bochum from March 7th-9th 2001, set out to shed new light on these issues and generated an intensive discussion of potential new interdisciplinary approaches to cultural and literary research in the field of Taiwan studies

Ng King Sau. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2005. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 138-147). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Abstract --- p.iii ; 論文摘要 --- p.iv ; Acknowledgements --- p.v-vi ; Chapter Chapter 1 --- Introduction ; Chapter 1.1 --- Research Background --- p.1-3 ; Chapter 1.2 --- Research Questions --- p.3-5 ; Chapter 1.3 --- Research Significance --- p.5-7 ; Chapter 1.4 --- Overview of the Research --- p.7-9 ; Chapter Chapter 2 --- Literature Review ; Chapter 2.1 --- Definition of Civil Society --- p.10-16 ; Chapter 2.2 --- The Idea of Global Civil Society --- p.16-19 ; Chapter 2.3 --- Development of Chinese Civil Society --- p.19-23 ; Chapter 2.4 --- Development of Global Civil Society in China --- p.23-26 ; Chapter Chapter 3 --- Analytical Framework and Methodology ; Chapter 3.1 --- Structural Level of Analysis --- p.21-29 ; Chapter 3.2 --- Organizational Level of Analysis --- p.29-33 ; Chapter 3.3 --- Individual Level of Analysis --- p.33-34 ; Chapter 3.4 --- Definition of Culture --- p.34-40 ; Chapter 3.5 --- Methodology --- p.40-45 ; Chapter Chapter 4 --- Global Civil Society: The case of Greenpeace ; Chapter 4.1. --- A History of Greenpeace --- p.46-47 ; Chapter 4.2. --- The Mission of Greenpeace --- p.47 ; Chapter 4.3 --- The Resources of Greenpeace --- p.48-49 ; Chapter 4.4. --- Organizational Structure of Greenpeace: a M-form organization --- p.49-52 ; Chapter 4.5. --- Global Strategy of Greenpeace --- p.52-56 ; Chapter 4.6 --- Background of Establishment of China Office --- p.56-57 ; Chapter 4.7 --- Greenpeace China I: An Introduction to the Hong Kong Unit --- p.57-58 ; Chapter 4.8 --- Greenpeace China II: An Introduction to the Beijing Unit --- p.58-60 ; Chapter 4.9 --- Greenpeace China III: An Introduction to the Guangzhou Unit --- p.60-62 ; Chapter 4.10 --- Conclusion --- p.62-63 ; Chapter Chapter 5 --- Guangzhou Unit: Process and Mechanisms of Cultural Diffusion ; Chapter 5.1 --- Structural Level of Analysis: An Introduction of Guangzhou --- ...

本文以明人對宦官態度轉變及其相應行動爲中心,著重從政治文化互動的角度,探討在明代君權專制強化而滋生發達宦官政治情況之下,士大夫如何因應這一政治結構和政治生態的變化,調整思維與行動的方式,施展和落實儒家的政治理想與目標的過程、言行表現及其意義。 ; 本文認爲明代中後期的士大夫在對待宦官態度與問題上,出現重要的轉變與調適,他們趨向於呼籲改變與宦官對立的關係,普遍強調宦官具備與常"人"一致的天性與善端,主張以引導和"教化"的方式令其從善。這一思維轉向的要義,是中晚明的士大夫在承認宦官官僚政治和認識宦官顯著角色及地位的基礎上,思考通過"改造"宦官進而改善政治。 ; 中晚明時期這股思維轉向更重要地表現為以"化宦"為中心内容的行動與實踐。對宦官讀書之所--内書堂重振的共識與努力以及撰作宦官教化用書,即是這一實踐的直接落實。中晚明人士在内書堂教育和撰作宦官教化書籍中,均重視以歷史和本朝歷史上的宦官善惡實例來強化宦官道德理想教育,感召和鼓勵其去惡向善、忠君愛國以及輔養君德。這是他們借"化宦"來"格君"的努力,是他們施展上層經世理想的表現和重要内容。 ; 在晚明集中出現的衆多宦官教化用書中,萬曆初王畿所作"化宦"書《中鑒錄》是一本對宦官有實際影響和感召力的著作。這與書中揚棄傳統偏見,尊重並同情宦官歷史,鼓勵他們具有常"人"的良知等情形密切關係。與之相反的個案則是張世則撰作的《貂璫史鑒》,以受到宦官排斥告終。其"成敗"視乎它們有否契合中晚明以來宦官在知識文化增廣之餘主體和自我意識提高的趨向。 ; 綜核本文討論所得,主要有以下三點認識。第一,明代士人與宦官的關係複雜多樣,不能以對抗與勾結的二元結構予以簡單處理。中晚明時期不斷出現的"化宦"思想和實踐顯示,士大夫傾向於覺得他們與宦官處於同一政治文化之中,並且有意強化已趨"一體"的向路。第二,在政治現實不利和政治空間有限的情況下,明代士大夫能務實而敏銳地利用"化宦"來"格君",可見他們不曾放棄得君行道的理想,熱情未減。這是政治與文化之間高度呼應、交互影響與滲透的應有真義和全貌。第三,儒家核心價值系統中的原則為後人改造世界提供精神和經典的來源。中晚明人士思考宦官具有"人"的面向與價值並將他們納入"有教無類"之中,顯示儒家價值系統只有回到現實政治與社會生活中並積極地予以回應,摸爬滾打中,才能得到充實和實踐。這是儒學實踐性的特點和要求。 ; This dissertation studies the attitudes and actions of scholar-officials to the eunuchs in the Ming dynasty. From the perspective of political and cultural interaction, it explores how scholar-officials coped with changes in the political structures and political ecologies in which eunuch politics became a major issue of government. It examines scholar-officials' thinking and action in dealing with the eunuchs while attempting to implement their political ideal when monarchical despotism reigned in Ming times. ; The study finds that there are important changes in scholar-officials' attitudes in mid and late Ming times. Instead of discrimination against eunuchs they tended to see eunuchs as their equal as human beings. They believed that eunuchs have similar human nature and humaneness as theirs, and advocated making them good imperial servants by moral and civil education. They adopted an approach that government improvement can be achieved by "transforming the eunuchs through a Confucian-based education and recognizing the eunuch's ...

Chau, Tsz Kin. ; "December 2011." ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2012. ; Includes bibliographical references. ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter Chapter 1 --- Who's Pan Yuliang? Whose Pan Yuliang? --- p.7 ; Who's Pan Yuliang? --- p.7 ; Life and Art of Pan Yuliang: Existing Account --- p.12 ; Whose Pan Yuliang? --- p.22 ; "Summary of Existing Accounts: Biography, Oedipus complex and Narcissism" --- p.30 ; Chapter Chapter 2 --- Reconsidering Pan Yuliang --- p.33 ; Academic works in Mainland China and Taiwan since 2000 --- p.33 ; Theorizing the Woman Painter --- p.42 ; Background I: Modern Art in Republican China --- p.54 ; Background II: Paris Modernism --- p.60 ; Chapter Chapter 3 --- Expanding Biography into History --- p.63 ; Chapter Chapter 4 --- The Political Xiesheng and its Gender Politics --- p.82 ; "Pan Yuliang: from Shanghai (1928-32, 36-37) to Nanjing (1933-35)" --- p.83 ; The Mission ofNanjang: National Administering of Modernism --- p.86 ; Pan Yuliang and the Chinese Arts Association --- p.97 ; Xiesheng and a New Woman/painter Subject --- p.113 ; Conclusion: a Different Modern for a Woman Painter --- p.123 ; Chapter Chapter 5 --- Differencing the Modern and Women's Culture --- p.127 ; Theorizing Women's Culture --- p.130 ; Pan Yuliang and Women's Community --- p.134 ; Contextualizing Women's Community: Republican Modernity and Post-war ; Pacifism --- p.137 ; Conclusion: Women's Art and Modernism --- p.145 ; Conclusion Rethinking Republican and Women's Art --- p.146 ; Appendix --- p.150 ; Glossary --- p.158 ; Graphical Materials --- p.165 ; Bibliography --- p.251

Chan Chi Ho. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2004. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 165-184). ; Abstracts in English and Chinese. ; Notes to the Readers --- p.ii ; Abstract --- p.iii ; Chinese Abstract --- p.iv ; Introduction --- p.1 ; Chapter Chapter One --- Imperial Cults as a Context of the Lukan Writings: Historical Preliminaries --- p.11 ; Chapter 1.1 --- Imperial Cults or Emperor Cults as a Religion in the Roman Empire --- p.13 ; Chapter 1.2 --- "The Lukan Perspective: Between the Author, the Literary Text, the Reader, and Their Historical Context" --- p.23 ; Chapter 1.2.1 --- Authorship and Intended Readership of the Lukan Writings --- p.24 ; Chapter 1.2.2 --- Time of Composition --- p.30 ; Chapter 1.2.3 --- Further Notes on Luke-Acts' Historical Situation --- p.37 ; Chapter 1.3 --- The Lukan Perspective on the Roman Empire Rethought --- p.42 ; Chapter Chapter Two --- A Contra-cultural Reformed Judaism Surpassing the Imperial Cult? Assessing Allen Brent's Interpretation of the Lukan Writings --- p.49 ; Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.49 ; Chapter 2.2 --- "An Overview of Brent's Interpretation of Luke's ""Political Theology""" --- p.53 ; Chapter 2.2.1 --- Contra-cultural Strategy and Social Reintegration into the Host Culture --- p.53 ; Chapter 2.2.2 --- The Augustan Saeculum Aureum and Luke's Delayed Parousia --- p.54 ; Chapter 2.2.3 --- Latent Conflicts Remain --- p.57 ; Chapter 2.2.4 --- "A ""Political Theology"" Doomed to Fail: Domitian and the Fiscus Iudaicus" --- p.57 ; Chapter 2.3 --- "An Evaluation of Brent's Interpretation of Luke's ""Political Theology""" --- p.58 ; Chapter 2.3.1 --- Lukan vs. Imperial Eschatologies --- p.58 ; Chapter 2.3.2 --- """Jewish"" or Pagan Backcloth?" --- p.58 ; Chapter 2.3.3 --- Roman State Religion or Greek Imperial Cults? --- p.59 ; Chapter 2.4 --- Conclusion --- p.61 ; Chapter Chapter Three --- King Agrippa I Smitten by an Angel of the Lord: Acts 12:20-23 and the Lukan Attitude towards Emperor Worship --- p.63 ; Chapter 3.1 --- ...

研究以湖南省松糖事件为例,分析中国农民的抗征地对中央政府信任的影响。研究认为,征地形式、上访过程获取的信息及其上访结果都会影响对中央的信任水平。具体来说,研究有三个主要观点:第一,相比公共项目征地、参与式征地和不威胁生存安全的征地,商业项目征地、命令式征地以及威胁生存安全的征地形式会更容易导致上访。在这些征地中,抗争者提出的诉求由于超越了相关的政策法律因此很难得到地方政府的满足。第二,上访过程中农民对中央信任的变化分为三个阶段:首先,抗争者将中央与其以下政府区别开来,并对中央保持着高水平的信任;接着,多次的进京上访使抗争者获取了有关中央的信息,包括中央已经了解了他们的问题并且这些问题值得重视;最后,失败的抗争结果导致对中央能力和意图的信任同时下降。第三,对中央信任的下降并不一定会导致公民选举要求的提出,这是因为传统的政治文化和无效的村庄选举使农民的政治效能感维持在低水平。 ; Drawing on the data from the Song-tang incident in Hunan province, the research examines the influences of resistance to land expropriation in rural China on political trust in the central government. The study argues that forms of land expropriation, information gained through petitioning and outcomes of petitioning have influences on trust in the center. Specifically, there are three main arguments. Firstly, compared with land expropriation for public use, in participatory manners, and without negative influences on living security, land expropriation for commercial use, in imperative manners, and with negative influences on living security is more likely to cause petitioning. In the three forms of land expropriation, claims are hardly satisfied by local governments since they have surpassed the state rules. Secondly, during petitioning trust in the center changes in three phases: at the beginning, resisters distinguish the center from lower-level governments and retain high-level trust in the center. Secondly, activists gain increasing information about the center during times of petitioning to Beijing. They realize that the center has known their grievances, which are also worth its attention. Finally, failure of resistances results in decline of trust in the center's capacity as well as trust in its commitment. Thirdly, the declined trust in the center does not necessarily imply the demand for popular elections. Due to traditional political culture and ineffective village elections, political efficacy of the farmers remains at a low level. ; Detailed summary in vernacular field only. ; 劉靜平. ; Parallel title from English ...

The article points out that the current expansion of the semiotic focus from signs and texts to whole cultures needs the development of a coherent method. It therefore proposes to establish it through an application of the topological theory of fractals to the analysis of different kinds of symmetries in the semiosphere. Having defined fractals as resemblance between two topological structures, the article first dwells on what "resemblance" means in the comparison of both visual and conceptual patterns; it then proposes a typology of fractal similarities, based on the topological operations of rotation, translation, and reflection. Examples of each typology are given from the fields of cultural and political analysis. The article concludes by hypothesizing that cultural semiotics might evolve into a "pattern science", challenging the customary disciplinary barriers between the study of regularities in nature and in culture.