Suchergebnisse

This paper aims to discuss the extent to which the influence of the military in the political system in Myanmar related to cases of prosecution of ethnic Rohingya in 2017. Myanmar's government through the military is considered to use violence and discrimination against Rohingya ethnic groups resulting in thousands of casualties and the ethnic Rohingya fled to neighboring countries. This research was conducted to assess the role of the military in the Myanmar government system because under the 2008 Constitution, the military had a seat of 25 percent in the Myanmar parliament and had a number of authorities in the political system. This can be considered as a trigger for the military's aggressiveness towards Rohingya because of military representatives who have existence in the Myanmar parliament. The author uses concordance theory and the concept of new professionalism of internal security and national development in analyzing related phenomena. The results of this study indicate the existence of military influence in the Myanmar government because under the constitution, the military controls three strategic departments, namely Defense, Internal Affairs and Border. The military also holds full control of the armed forces, police and security forces, thus demonstrating the military role in Myanmar's policies regarding prosecution of the ethnic minority Rohingya.

This paper explains how the application of an open proportional system and a closed proportional system in the legislative elections in Indonesia. The problem is focused on how the consequences of implementing an open proportional system compared to closed proportionality after the widespread discourse to return to a closed proportional system. Moreover, a number of problems emerged after the 2019 simultaneous elections were carried out in an open proportional system. The open proportional system was considered more complicated for voters and for election administrators. Meanwhile, for election participants, an open proportional system created internal conflicts in political parties. The data in this paper were collected through literature study and analyzed qualitatively. This study concludes that a closed proportional system was considered to be more efficient in the process of casting and printing the ballots. The closed proportional system was also simple for voters, because voters only chose images of political parties. On the other hand, political parties as election participants must also improve their party system to be more democratic so that the cadres of the best political parties who side with the people have the same opportunity to compete in the election. Ease of voters and the quality of election participants are important because the essence of elections is participation and contestation.

This paper explains the conspiracy and involvement boss mine (coal) in several provincial elections (regents and governors) in South Kalimantan. As is known, the political landscape of post Soeharto New Order government that gave birth to democracy and radical change in the institutions of power, namely from the centralized power-authoritarian system to a democratic system of government has spawned a democratic transition which was prolonged until today. In the midst of a prolonged transition to democracy at this time, the arena of democracy has been hijacked and the stage of political and economic power has been controlled by entrepreneurs or local and national capitalist power by doing pesekongkolan between candidates authorities or local authorities that one of them through the local election process. The businessmen are involved as a supplier of funds to the local authorities candidate to win as a form of money politics and transactional politics. In some cases the local elections in South Kalimantan, such as the election of the regent and the governor, political practice is utilized with clarity and has already become a political culture that is structured within massive post-New Order government. Therefore, democracy is being woken up in Indonesia after the New Order.

Politics, coming back to its original meaning which might be defined as influencing other people and which is involves the making of a common decision for people, then, life is never politics-free. When we are thinking, we are contributing in the political life, how to influence or how to be influenced, how to make a decision in life or how to follow a decision. Politics contain of many dimensions, one might think politics in a negative or positive way depending on which dimensions he stick the politics with. Political party is one of the main institutions in the political life which used in practicing the democracy as the representative system needed by the community. It used as a media to transfer the political messages from the community to the government, as peoples' media to send their aspiration to the people 'above', which existence is influencing the development of the policies of the country depending on its effectiveness. As a Muslim-Largest country, Islam has a very important role in Indonesia's political zone. Though, not everything that has an "Islam" name is able to completely represent Islamic values and so some "non-Islam" might also represent Islamic ethical values. The point of this article is to focus more on how is the relationship between politics and Islam in Indonesia by observing the development of Islamic Political Parties and its phenomena. It will be well observed by the historic-phenomenology approach, which is describing and observing the history of Islamic Political Parties in Indonesia and the social facts that happened in the society

Building democracy is not something easy, democracy as a political system has become the choice of our founding fathers. Democracy to this day is still considered to be the best political system of the political system that has ever existed. As the best political system, democracy must be cared for and fostered in order to thrive in our country, the Republic of Indonesia. However, at present, there are many efforts that distort democracy. SARA politics developed by certain groups for example. Besides the hoax news that is repeatedly spread so that it is considered a truth. This ultimately made people including millennials confused. This paper aims to explore more deeply how to build a democratic democracy and the dynamics of the 2019 presidential election. In this paper the literature research method is used. In the discussion it can be concluded that the challenge of the 2019 general election is: how to deal with challenges ahead of the 2019 general election in Indonesia to implement an effective political constellation to build political stability.

Elections (elections) is one way in the democratic system to elect representatives of the people who will sit in the people's representatives and is a form of fulfillment of citizens' rights in politics. It turns out that the political process originally expected to get high participation support, it is still low public participation. The low participation of the community to vote in polling stations (TPS), was not the first phenomenon that occurred in Bungo District. It should support high and quality political participation of the community, but in fact the voter participation rate is only 69.18% who participate in voting in the election of regional head (Pilkada). In accordance with the problems studied, then this type of research is categorized as descriptive research.Given the large number of population and limited ability of the researcher then the research conducted on the sample representing the population. So the sample in this study amounted to 100 people.Data collection techniques in this study were conducted by: Interview, Questionnaire, and Documentation. The results of this research,Many factors caused a person to participate in the elections of Bungo District in 2015. From various forms of political participation, voting or voting is one form of political participation of the community. Factors influencing the political participation of the community in the Pilkada of Bungo Regency in 2015 amongst the Political Awareness of the Community as well as the Attitudes and Beliefs of the people. From the results of the questionnaire analysis there are several factors that influence a person to participate namely First, knowledge of the community environment. The percentage of people who chose to have knowledge of the vision and mission of the chosen candidate, 63 people (63%) stated "yes", while 37 people (37%) stated "no". Having knowledge of selected candidate pairs, 83 people (83%) stated "yes", while 17 people (17%) stated "no". Second, knowledge of politics. Percentage of voters attended political campaign activity, as many as 20 people (20%) stated "yes", while 80 people (80%) stated "no". Third, interest to participate in political activities. The percentage of voters whose interest to be a successful team, as many as 9 people (9%) stated "yes", while 91 people (91%) stated "no". Attitude and belief of a community of Rimbo Tengah Sub-district in Bungo District Election 2015, it is based on the results of research conducted that is concern for the progress of Bungo District with the percentage of community participation that chose because concern for the progress of Bungo Regency as many as 89 people (89%) stated "yes", while 11 people (11%) stated "no". In line with the findings discussed above, from the analysis of respondent's characteristic that factors influencing political participation in Pasir Putih Urban Village are knowledge about society environment, politics, and interest to participate in political activity and attitude and belief of someone to progress of region. For political party activists and political leaders, to provide more information that can be directly to the community through campaigns and deliver the vision and mission to be done if elected, so that people are confident with their choice.The KPU may conduct a good socialization activity so that the voters understand and know the candidate pairs to be elected.Keywords: Factors, political participation, Pilkada.

ABSTRACTThe word democracy is increasingly popular in various developing countries, both at the level of discourse and the level of the social and political movements. As a political system, democracy has topped many countries because it is considered capable of regulating and resolving social and political relations, both involving interests between individuals in society, relations between communities, society and countries and between countries in the world. The collapse of communism in 1989 became an important momentum for democracy as a political system to spread its influence throughout the world. As a concept, democracy has a broad meaning with its own complexity. This paper tries to explain the variance of democracy, especially the debate between liberal democracies and social democracy. Besides that, he also tried to explain the practice of democracy in Indonesia after the 1998 reform era and showed the problems faced by this country in creating a democratic society. Finally this paper wants to explain that democratization in Indonesia is still in process and there are still many things that need to be addressed. Keywords: democratization, liberals, social, acceleration, Indonesia

The main topic of discussion in this journal is the application of the parliamentary threshold policy in the political system in Indonesia. The Parliamentary threshold is a minimum vote acquisition threshold that must be met by political parties participating in the elections to be able to place their legislative candidates in parliament. The juridical empirical research method is used for discussion, which includes the effectiveness and impact of the law. This study also aims to provide input or contribution of ideas to the central government in implementing the parliamentary threshold policy on political parties, so as to produce good governance (good governance) that is stable, effective and efficient. Based on the research results, it can be seen that there is a parliamentary threshold debate in the political system in the country regarding the threshold for national vote acquisition for political parties to be included in the calculation and distribution of DPR seats. In formal juridical terms, the parliamentary threshold debate in the party system in Indonesia is conducted based on the law on political parties and democratic principles. The application of the parliamentary threshold in the national political system is expected to be simplified. Simplifying the number of political parties in Indonesia needs to be done as an effort to improve the quality of political parties so that they can make better contributions to the development of national politics. In addition, party simplification is also carried out in order to facilitate political governance in parliament and to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of democratic and political processes both in parliament and in government. Therefore, simplifying the party is an alternative solution in improving the quality of democracy and government stability, which in the end is for the welfare of the people. ; Pokok pembahasan dalam Jurnal ini mengenai penerapan kebijakan parliamentary threshold dalam sistem politik di Indonesia. Parliamentary threshold merupakan ketentuan batas minimal perolehan suara yang harus dipenuhi Partai politik peserta pemilu untuk bisa menempatkan calon anggota legislatifnya di parlemen. Untuk pembahasannya digunakan metode penelitian yuridis empiris, yang meliputi efektifitas dan dampak hukum. Penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk memberikan masukkan atau sumbangan pemikiran kepada pemerintah pusat dalam menerapkan kebijakan parliamentary threshold terhadap partai-partai politik, sehingga dapat menghasilkan pemerintahan yang baik (good governance) yang stabil, efektif dan efisien. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat diketahui adanya perdebatan parliamentary threshold dalam sistem politik di tanah air mengenai ambang batas perolehan suara nasional bagi partai politik untuk dapat diikutkan dalam penghitungan dan pembagian kursi DPR. Secara yuridis formal, perdebatan parliamentary threshold dalam sistem kepartaian di Indonesia dilakukan berdasarkan undang undang partai politik dan prinsip demokrasi. Penerapan parliamentary threshold dalam sistem politik ditanah air diharapkan adannya penyederhanaan. Penyederhanaan jumlah partai politik di Indonesia perlu dilakukan sebagai salah satu upaya meningkatkan kualitas partai politik sehingga bisa memberikan kontribusi yang lebih baik terhadap perkembangan politik nasional. Disamping itu pula penyederhanaan partai dilakukan dalam rangka mempermudah tata kelola politik di parlemen dan meningkatkan efektivitas dan efisiensi proses demokrasi dan politik baik di parlemen maupun di pemerintahan. Oleh karena itu, penyederhaan partai menjadi solusi alternatif dalam peningkatan kualitas demokrasi dan stabilitas pemerintahan, yang pada akhirnya untuk mensejahterakan rakyat

Democracy in Indonesia have exams with the emergence of the phenomenon of political dynasty. The phenomenon of dynastic politics due to five things: first, the impact of the electoral system and the competition the more liberal. Second, the portrait of the failure of political parties in binding constituents . Third, the lack of regeneration system and internal patterns of rekuitmen in political parties, especially the mechanism in the determination of candidates. Fourth, that too much traction power elites of political parties, especially the elite at central level. Fifth, the strengthening of political pragmatism and the decline of militancy cadre which causes the machine party organizations can not be optimal, and may encourage the proliferation of money politics and political dynasties. Atut Chosiyyah dynastic political system is legitimized through the local elections and parochial political culture Banten people. Several factors are melatarbelakngi birth of prejudice in the election in Banten namely the lack of political education by the organizers of the election, the election supervisor, prospective head region and educational institutions. And parochial political culture inherited money continuously to voters who incidentally have limited knowledge and political awareness. Atut Chosiyyah family group has a network of warlords, clerics and political participants widely to remote allows campaign props scattered in almost every point in Banten. the amount and intensity of Banten people see props build closeness and sympathy of the public.Keywords: Political dynastiy, political culture money

One of language functions in political discourse is to persuade others, and one of the media to implement the function is slogan used on political campaign banner. This research aims to explore the use of appraisal system, especially attitude, and its source of appraisal in the slogans on political campaign banners of regent and mayor prospective candidates in Bogor Residence and Bogor City. Researches on slogans on political campaign banner have been widely counducted, while the researches which apply the appraisal theory are still not easy to find. In fact it can help text consumers clearly see the attitude and the evaluation of the text producers on subjects they communicate. The data were analyzed by using appraisal system theory proposed by Martin and White (2005). The data were obtained by observing and were analyzed by using referential matching (padan referensial) method. The results show that judgment is the most-frequently-used subcategory in the slogans. It reflects that the political campaign banner creators give more emphasis on appraisal of human behaviour, whether of themselves or of others (society). Regarding the subjects and the objects, the appraisals were most predominantly made by and givento the regent and the mayor prospective candidates themselves as the slogan makers. The finding shows that the regent and the mayor prospective candidates often subjectively claim their quality without considering others' opinion in their political advertisement.AbstrakSalah satu fungsi bahasa dalam wacana politik adalah untuk memengaruhi orang lain. Fungsi tersebut diwujudkan salah satunya dalam bentuk slogan kampanye politik pada kain rentang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penggunaan sistem appraisal, khususnya subsistem attitude, dan sumber penilaian dalam slogan pada kain rentang kampanye politik bakal calon kepala daerah di Kabupaten dan Kota Bogor. Data-data dalam penelitian ini dianalisis dengan menggunakan teori sistem appraisal yang dikemukakan oleh Martin & White (2005). Data-data tersebut diperoleh melalui metode simak dan dianalisis dengan metode padan referensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa judgment merupakan subkategori attitude yang paling banyak digunakan dalam slogan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa para pembuat iklan lebih menekankan penilaian terhadap perilaku manusia, baik terhadap dirinya sendiri maupun orang lain (masyarakat). Sementara itu subjek dan objek penilaian yang paling dominan adalah bakal calon kepala daerah sendiri selaku pembuat slogan. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa para bakal calon kepala daerah kerap membuat klaim-klaim sepihak mengenai kualitas dirinya, tanpa mengutip atau menampilkan pendapat dari pihak lain.

AbstractResearch, regulation and development of this press researched to deepen the development of the mass media is so dynamic in Indonesia. Those who want to delve into the media and political power in Indonesia and how to act in favor of the power to be used as a tool to build community in the era of Soeharto. The study examines how the press system established under a political system that is referred to as the basic media Indonesia between 1966 and 1973. To achieve the goal of the study, investigation was made on the press and the factors that influence the formation of a press system using an approach through the analysis of historical research documents and in-depth interviews. The results showed that the formation of the media system is based on a process of consciously designed to conform to the philosophy and values practiced by the manager, who went on to become Indonesia's national policy. The planned process is essentially cultural values such as "collaboration", the spirit of harmony, harmony, balance, and obedience. Press system formation process is done through persuasion and consensus made during the meeting, which was later used as a tool to control the activities of the press in Indonesia. The study also found some dominant factor affecting the development of the media system that includes socio-cultural, political and economic. The results showed that from 1966 to 1973, the government supports the aspiration to form a healthy media system, free and responsible as well as build a sense of family planning in line with the direction of the government's political ideology. Policies formed the basis for formulation of media system in Indonesia based on Pancasila. While from 1966-1973 the press laws No.4 / 1967 into force on the development of media freedom, justice and freedom. Keywords: Regulation, Development, Press, authoriter

This study aims to determine and explore how Islam and Malay as an intertwined entity influence the formation of political institutions in the Sultanate of Palembang, especially influencing the appointment and succession of the Sultan. This study is the result of qualitative research based on a literature review using interpretive analysis techniques. In the practice of Islam in Indonesia, cultural values of non-Islamic religions are maintained and practiced by Islamic entities such as practices in the replacement of the King and Sultan. A theoretical approach to society by looking at the evolution of kings approached to explain the history of state administration and the transition of power, combined with Elite; Political Culture, and Cultural Politics. The results of this study found that the system of appointment and change of power in the Sultanate of Palembang, namely the existence of its characteristics associated with a blend of Malay and Javanese culture. Differences in political culture greatly influence the process of succession that occurs. Malay culture which emphasizes more on its economy in the maritime field and Arabic symbols will be different from Javanese culture which is more agrarian and syncretic. ; Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengeksplorasi bagaimana Islam dan Melayu sebagai entitas yang saling terkait mempengaruhi pembentukan lembaga-lembaga politik di Kesultanan Palembang, terutama yang mempengaruhi pengangkatan dan suksesi Sultan. Penelitian ini adalah hasil penelitian kualitatif berdasarkan tinjauan literatur menggunakan teknik analisis interpretatif. Dalam praktik Islam di Indonesia, nilai-nilai budaya agama-agama non-Islam dipertahankan dan dipraktikkan oleh entitas Islam seperti praktik-praktik pergantian Raja dan Sultan. Melalui pendekatan teoretis tentang masyarakat sosial dengan melihat evolusi raja-raja yang dijadikan pendekatan untuk menjelaskan sejarah ketatanegaraan dan peralihan kekuasaan, dipadukan dengan Elite; Political Culture, dan Cultural Politics. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa sistem pengangkatan dan pergantian kekuasaan di Kesultanan Palembang, yaitu adanya karakteristik yang terkait dengan perpaduan budaya Melayu dan Jawa. Perbedaan budaya politik sangat mempengaruhi proses suksesi yang terjadi. Budaya Melayu yang lebih menekankan pada perekonomian di bidang maritim dan simbol-simbol Arab akan berbeda dengan budaya Jawa yang lebih agraris dan sinkretis.

Problem of Food emerged as a Non-Traditional Secuirty (NTS) issue in the aftermath of the Cold War and was identified as one of the seven pillars of human security by the 1994 UNDP Report 'New Dimensions' in Security. Food security as 'the means for all people at all times to have both physical and economic access to basic food' and that food security is an entitlement. When the shortages food supply in a country, it will be an increasing the conflict civil society, so the stability of the state security being disrupted. The availability of adequate food supplies could become the core of social contact in all the country's political system.The food crisis in Venezuela resulted in civil conflict be increased. Venezuela is the world's oil producing countries but due to falling world oil prices, then became distracted State reception system. The political system came along with the economic crisis makes Venezuela in the worst condition.This economic crisis makes Venezuela experienced a food crisis, so many societies suffered famine and looting food even do violence to gain access the food. Finally, the conflict civil society occur due to the food crisis and the stability of the State security becomes disrupted. In this paper using descriptive analysis method that describes the relationship of food security in Venezuela that can be disrupt the stability of State security. In this paper, using the perspective of Food Securitization.This isbased on a change in the subject of security not only on military issues but the extension of the concept security including the threat of food security within a country. Food can be utilized as a political weapon by states and can be characterized as a form and symbol of political power.

Corruption, Collusion and Nepotism (KKN) are social diseases that have long infected the nation and state of Indonesia. This paper conveys the social movement theory in the effort to create a government free from KKN through strengthening the role of masyarakat madani (civil society). The Jenkins and Klandermans' diagram of the relationship of social movements with the state and the political system illustrates the problem of a three-way relationship between social movements, political representation and the state. The issue is the extent to which opportunities represented by political representatives in social movements, the impact of social protests on political parties and official political processes, as well as the implications of these relations in modern democracies. In this case, the social movement's chances through the 1998 reforms have been able to undermine the authoritarian New Order regime, a good start for the creation of democracy in Indonesia. However, it turns out that KKN disease that has been rooted to create systemic corruption (institutional entry) creates its own difficulties in eradication. Civil society as an alternative to social forces should be encouraged to play a role in solving the chaotic reform of the Indonesian bureaucracy. The role of civil society through NGOs, intellectuals, students, workers or labours, mass organizations, religious leaders, social media, press and other elements of society are expected to make the government more assertive in enforcing the law and crack down on KKN actors according to MPR XI / 1998, Anti-Corruption Law, as well as other supporting regulations that have been created. Law enforcement agencies, including POLRI, KPK, Judicial Commission are expected to play a role. This is of course with the participation of civil society as a control force that offsets the strength of government in upholding truth and justice. Keywords: civil society, social movements, KKN (Corruption, Collusion, and Nepotism), clean government.

This study aims to understand e-government implementation in ATM Samsat services at Samsat Office of East Surabaya as well as the factors that obstruct the e-government based services implementation. The main idea of this study is the use of ATM Samsat smartcard service has not yet reached the target realization. E-Government project failure factors theory from Anthopoulos et.al.(2015) were used in this study with the instrument such as ICT and system development process. This study uses qualitative descriptive methods. The results indicates that the e-government implementation in ATM Samsat services were found in a form of phase simplification from motor vehicle tax payments by using smartcard. Furthermore, ICT and system development process were the factors that obstruct the e-government based services implementation. whereas ICT and system development process obstructs because ATM Samsat system were more complex than the manual system. Less socialization over the society also take effect because it was only done once which is when its launching.