This paper examines possibility to use fantasy movies in education of tolerance. Tolerance problem is very relevant nowadays, especially when it is being considered in relationship with latter political and social events. Also it is very inportant to find an appropriate tool for increasing tolerance of contemporary young people. This paper connects relevance of tolerance and attracness of hipotetical teaching tool – fantasy movies. It was determined that fantasy movies can be used to teach tolerance, also the list of appropriate for teaching tolerance fantasy moviesi is given.
This paper examines possibility to use fantasy movies in education of tolerance. Tolerance problem is very relevant nowadays, especially when it is being considered in relationship with latter political and social events. Also it is very inportant to find an appropriate tool for increasing tolerance of contemporary young people. This paper connects relevance of tolerance and attracness of hipotetical teaching tool – fantasy movies. It was determined that fantasy movies can be used to teach tolerance, also the list of appropriate for teaching tolerance fantasy moviesi is given.
When Western liberalism won the battle over fascism and communism, it declared 'the end of history'. The fall of the Berlin Wall and WTC towers has shaken this illusion to the ground. Carl Schmitt treated WWII as the beginning of the fall of Westphalian system. For this reason Schmitt proclaimed political theology as the means for Western identity's renewal. This notion coined by the Stoic Panaetius referred to the essential dependence of political and cultural phenomena on religion. Schmitt's version of political theology showed a way out of crisis and was at the same time incompatible with liberal dogmas of tolerance, political correctness and multiculturalism.
When Western liberalism won the battle over fascism and communism, it declared 'the end of history'. The fall of the Berlin Wall and WTC towers has shaken this illusion to the ground. Carl Schmitt treated WWII as the beginning of the fall of Westphalian system. For this reason Schmitt proclaimed political theology as the means for Western identity's renewal. This notion coined by the Stoic Panaetius referred to the essential dependence of political and cultural phenomena on religion. Schmitt's version of political theology showed a way out of crisis and was at the same time incompatible with liberal dogmas of tolerance, political correctness and multiculturalism.
The article discusses the manifestations of the ideology of political correctness in the current Lithuanian and Latvian languages. It features a more detailed analysis of the usage of words referring to persons by health, race and nationality (invalidas – neįgalusis, invalīds – nespējnieks [invalid – disabled]; negras – juodaodis, nēģeris – melnais [negro – black]; čigonas – romas, čigāns – roms [gipsy – Romany], etc.). At first glance, the intentions of the supporters of that ideology seem honorable: their substitution for ordinary words can be seen as a euphemism of a language, which is promoted by tolerance of otherness, empathy, and the pursuit of non-offending communication. However, the implementation of that ideology introduces a new language and is often accessible to extremes, absurdity. The authors of the article agree with linguists and other cultural figures who believe that imposing political correctness for a language is essentially harmful. One characteristic consequence of this interference with language is that a certain, usually negative, connotation of the word, naturally or fancifully conceived by ideology enthusiasts in English-speaking society, is transferred to other languages irrespective of their established meanings and shades. Thus, neutral words unreasonably attribute to a negative evaluation of the subject matter. Recommendations for the usage of words in one way or another should be guided by linguistic science and one's own cultural tradition, not by an unconditional adherence to any ideology.
The article discusses the manifestations of the ideology of political correctness in the current Lithuanian and Latvian languages. It features a more detailed analysis of the usage of words referring to persons by health, race and nationality (invalidas – neįgalusis, invalīds – nespējnieks [invalid – disabled]; negras – juodaodis, nēģeris – melnais [negro – black]; čigonas – romas, čigāns – roms [gipsy – Romany], etc.). At first glance, the intentions of the supporters of that ideology seem honorable: their substitution for ordinary words can be seen as a euphemism of a language, which is promoted by tolerance of otherness, empathy, and the pursuit of non-offending communication. However, the implementation of that ideology introduces a new language and is often accessible to extremes, absurdity. The authors of the article agree with linguists and other cultural figures who believe that imposing political correctness for a language is essentially harmful. One characteristic consequence of this interference with language is that a certain, usually negative, connotation of the word, naturally or fancifully conceived by ideology enthusiasts in English-speaking society, is transferred to other languages irrespective of their established meanings and shades. Thus, neutral words unreasonably attribute to a negative evaluation of the subject matter. Recommendations for the usage of words in one way or another should be guided by linguistic science and one's own cultural tradition, not by an unconditional adherence to any ideology.
Seeking to ensure full national security it is not enough just to guarantee alone State's national security – and security should be guaranteed for whole society's layers and their welfare. In order to guarantee full national security, should be ensured gender equality in the first instance, in all areas: social, military, economic and political. The ideology of feminism precisely declares the ideas of human rights, gender equality and gives more universal conception of security. It is not ensure just State's national security, but it implements economic State's growth, progress, implements the image of welfare State and develops the ideas of democratic culture and tolerance. It is important to guarantee external State's security, but also it is worth to regard to ensuring of State's internal security. Internal security – satisfaction the needs and welfare of sections of society determines existing of the united, stable society, which, if it necessary, might withstand, be resistant against the treats for national security. The master's thesis consists of an introduction, three teaching sections, conclusions and a list of references. The aim of the research – Articulation and conceptualization of the links and influences of national security with gender – feminist theory and highlighting, concretization and implementation of the positive and functional purpose of gender equality positive values in Lithuanian public security policy. The methodology of the research. In the first chapter is analyzing dispersion of feminism ideas and their problems, based on analytical, descriptive, historical and systemic methods. In the second chapter is highlighted interactions of national security and feminism, based on structural, functional, hermeneutic security as one of the goals of gender equality and interpretive, critical, and design methods. The third chapter concretizes gender equality issues in the context of Lithuania's national security, based on comparative, modeling and political forecasting methods. Conclusion. Full national security is not possible if is not ensured gender equality. Ensuring gender equality enables society's harmony, its stability, security, development of democratic culture, social modernization also existence of welfare State and its economic progress.
Level of tolerance in Lithuania can be defined by rating the Jewish Community of Lithuania. Full rights and actual life conditions of minorities depend on democracy as civil position and polity, and on civil society as conception that civil society comes from non-governmental organizations. Non-governmental organizations and polity should work together in seeking welfare of government and it's nation. Separate support program, independent of departments and political parties, could be that one element which helps to unite government and non-governmental organizations. Lithuania is an independent country for 20 years already. Minorities who live in Lithuania also became free to become a part of society saving its culture, traditions, customs and to cherish its singularity. History of the Jewish nation determined that establishing non-governmental organization members of The Jewish Community of Lithuania became a symbol and foundation of tolerance and full rights, highlighting spread of democracy and civil society, its advantages and disadvantages. Members of minorities have full rights like all other citizens, therefore projects of members of minorities and Lithuanians would lower generation's belief in past superstitions, stereotypes, old generation's negative "transmission" about the surrounding world. Such projects also need attention of the government to be implemented.
Level of tolerance in Lithuania can be defined by rating the Jewish Community of Lithuania. Full rights and actual life conditions of minorities depend on democracy as civil position and polity, and on civil society as conception that civil society comes from non-governmental organizations. Non-governmental organizations and polity should work together in seeking welfare of government and it's nation. Separate support program, independent of departments and political parties, could be that one element which helps to unite government and non-governmental organizations. Lithuania is an independent country for 20 years already. Minorities who live in Lithuania also became free to become a part of society saving its culture, traditions, customs and to cherish its singularity. History of the Jewish nation determined that establishing non-governmental organization members of The Jewish Community of Lithuania became a symbol and foundation of tolerance and full rights, highlighting spread of democracy and civil society, its advantages and disadvantages. Members of minorities have full rights like all other citizens, therefore projects of members of minorities and Lithuanians would lower generation's belief in past superstitions, stereotypes, old generation's negative "transmission" about the surrounding world. Such projects also need attention of the government to be implemented.
Level of tolerance in Lithuania can be defined by rating the Jewish Community of Lithuania. Full rights and actual life conditions of minorities depend on democracy as civil position and polity, and on civil society as conception that civil society comes from non-governmental organizations. Non-governmental organizations and polity should work together in seeking welfare of government and it's nation. Separate support program, independent of departments and political parties, could be that one element which helps to unite government and non-governmental organizations. Lithuania is an independent country for 20 years already. Minorities who live in Lithuania also became free to become a part of society saving its culture, traditions, customs and to cherish its singularity. History of the Jewish nation determined that establishing non-governmental organization members of The Jewish Community of Lithuania became a symbol and foundation of tolerance and full rights, highlighting spread of democracy and civil society, its advantages and disadvantages. Members of minorities have full rights like all other citizens, therefore projects of members of minorities and Lithuanians would lower generation's belief in past superstitions, stereotypes, old generation's negative "transmission" about the surrounding world. Such projects also need attention of the government to be implemented.
Level of tolerance in Lithuania can be defined by rating the Jewish Community of Lithuania. Full rights and actual life conditions of minorities depend on democracy as civil position and polity, and on civil society as conception that civil society comes from non-governmental organizations. Non-governmental organizations and polity should work together in seeking welfare of government and it's nation. Separate support program, independent of departments and political parties, could be that one element which helps to unite government and non-governmental organizations. Lithuania is an independent country for 20 years already. Minorities who live in Lithuania also became free to become a part of society saving its culture, traditions, customs and to cherish its singularity. History of the Jewish nation determined that establishing non-governmental organization members of The Jewish Community of Lithuania became a symbol and foundation of tolerance and full rights, highlighting spread of democracy and civil society, its advantages and disadvantages. Members of minorities have full rights like all other citizens, therefore projects of members of minorities and Lithuanians would lower generation's belief in past superstitions, stereotypes, old generation's negative "transmission" about the surrounding world. Such projects also need attention of the government to be implemented.
This article analyzes future teachers' opinion about integration of children with SEN in comprehensive schools. The research aim is to analyse prospective teachers' attitudes to opportunities for integrated education of children with special educational needs. An empirical research was carried out in order to find out their attitude to integration of children with SEN in comprehensive schools. Results of the empirical research show that children with SEN should be integrated into mainstream schools by adapting special education (learning) programs to them. According to the respondents, the main factors that determine success of integrated education are "Presence of environment appropriate for education (learning) and "Political aspects". The process of integration in comprehensive schools is beneficial for children with SEN, because it makes their integration in society easier, develops tolerance and communication and collaboration skills. The difficulties that children with SEN may encounter in mainstream schools are inability to adapt to the changed environment and bullying.
This article analyzes future teachers' opinion about integration of children with SEN in comprehensive schools. The research aim is to analyse prospective teachers' attitudes to opportunities for integrated education of children with special educational needs. An empirical research was carried out in order to find out their attitude to integration of children with SEN in comprehensive schools. Results of the empirical research show that children with SEN should be integrated into mainstream schools by adapting special education (learning) programs to them. According to the respondents, the main factors that determine success of integrated education are "Presence of environment appropriate for education (learning) and "Political aspects". The process of integration in comprehensive schools is beneficial for children with SEN, because it makes their integration in society easier, develops tolerance and communication and collaboration skills. The difficulties that children with SEN may encounter in mainstream schools are inability to adapt to the changed environment and bullying.
The collapse of communist rule in Central Europe (CE) and the third wave of democratization gave a significant impulse for development of theory of political sciences. Though the democratization process in CE is analyzed from various perspectives, key attention is paid for procedural aspects of regime transformation: institutional reforms, the creation of market economy, consolidation of democracy, CE integration to the European Union are the most attractive topics for researches of political sciences. Still there is a lack of theoretical approach towards systemic transformation that includes not only political or economical, but also cultural factors. Therefore it is worth to complement this gap of theoretical literature by focusing on aspects of the cultural transformation in the postcommunist region. The main purpose of the master dissertation is to analyze the dynamics of cultural transformation in four CE countries: Poland, Hungary, Czech Republic and Slovakia. The results of research of cultural cleavages in CE countries shows that the cultural transformation in each country does not depend particulary on radical political and economical reforms. Culture developes according its own logic, and non of the theories is adequate to explain cultural transformation. Research shows that some cultural elements (trust, tolerance) are not in the phase of transformation at all: they are stagnant, not reactive to reforms. Therefore, the communist legacies have still strong roots in every society, and the possibilities of consolidation of democracy of CE region in nearest future are limited.
The collapse of communist rule in Central Europe (CE) and the third wave of democratization gave a significant impulse for development of theory of political sciences. Though the democratization process in CE is analyzed from various perspectives, key attention is paid for procedural aspects of regime transformation: institutional reforms, the creation of market economy, consolidation of democracy, CE integration to the European Union are the most attractive topics for researches of political sciences. Still there is a lack of theoretical approach towards systemic transformation that includes not only political or economical, but also cultural factors. Therefore it is worth to complement this gap of theoretical literature by focusing on aspects of the cultural transformation in the postcommunist region. The main purpose of the master dissertation is to analyze the dynamics of cultural transformation in four CE countries: Poland, Hungary, Czech Republic and Slovakia. The results of research of cultural cleavages in CE countries shows that the cultural transformation in each country does not depend particulary on radical political and economical reforms. Culture developes according its own logic, and non of the theories is adequate to explain cultural transformation. Research shows that some cultural elements (trust, tolerance) are not in the phase of transformation at all: they are stagnant, not reactive to reforms. Therefore, the communist legacies have still strong roots in every society, and the possibilities of consolidation of democracy of CE region in nearest future are limited.