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Vladimir Putin's behaviour in office as president bore all the marks of a 'professional politician', as defined by Weber. The Soviet system was originally run by self-styled 'professional revolutionaries', but in subsequent generations, individuals from the broad population were promoted, and created a less focused system, in which they survived well but which they failed to modernize, and which continued largely through efforts invested 'out of plan', that is, outside the command system. When that system collapsed, they took over the running of society in a haphazard way under Boris Yeltsin, leaving a chaotic legacy to his successor, Putin. His approach was that of a politician intent upon confronting the collapse of the old system and the failure of a new system to become consolidated. His goal has been not a return to the Soviet system, but the establishment of a Russian nation-state. This entailed breaking the links between big business and politics established in the 1990s, abandoning the crude 'social contract' between undemanding managers and undisciplined workers that depended on corruption and illegality to keep Soviet society functioning, and building a solid and secure Russian nation-state. In this, despite concerns outside the country, he has been largely successful and has won broad, if not universal, support. In these circumstances, political pluralism has been postponed. Adapted from the source document.

The EPINetz Twitter Politicians Dataset is a comprehensive dataset of 2,811 Twitter accounts of German parliamentarians, ministers, state secretaries, parties and ministries on a state, federal and EU level, now updated until March 2023. Additionally, it provides data on 1,345 additional politicians without a twitter account, giving a comprehensive overview over all elected politicians in Germany. This hand-curated dataset not only provides up-to-date information, it also supplements additional variables such as their party affiliation, age or gender. Furthermore, it provides linkages to additional data sources by providing the accounts' Wikidata and Abgeordnetenwatch (Parliamentwatch) IDs. While it does not provide actual tweet data, the data set enables easy access to elected German politicians on Twitter. This research was funded by the Klaus Tschira Foundation (https://www.klaus-tschira-stiftung.de/) as part of the EPINetz Project (https://epinetz.de/).

Interviews with 10 politicians about the issues and challenges faced by nordic co-operation in 2010.

The massive digitisation of parliamentary debates in several European countries has opened possibilities for exploring conceptualisations of "politicians" empirically, both through long-term distant reading and micro-level contextualising close reading. The big data and easy availability of parliamentary debates can be used as a point of departure for the analysis but need to be complemented with other sources of political history, not merely with the canon of political philosophy. This paper will focus on the self-understandings of European parliamentarians as politicians since the eighteenth century and on the explicit or implicit visions of politics included in such self-understandings. I examine how a number of professional politicians and intellectuals described themselves and/or other fellow politicians by elaborating on the perceived tension, or lack of tension, between principles and practices in politics. ; Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech.

This week we are looking at what politicians say. How can we analyse it? And what do we learn as a result?

Originally published in 1959, this book charts the journey made by the author and a Creole journalist from Sierra Leone across West Africa at a time when a political, economic and cultural revolution was taking place. It was not so much the exotic tribal Africa as the new Africa of the politicians, the aspects characteristic of the period of transition that fascinated Crowder. He was struck by the differences produced by years of British and French rule. He talked with governors and the governed wherever he went. Part travelogue, part academic study, this is a fascinating portrait of West Africa on the cusp of monumental change in the second half of the 20th Century.

This is a report on the interviews used in preparing Southern Politics in State and Nation. The book, by V. O. Key, Jr., resulted from a study carried on over a three year period at the Bureau of Public Administration of the University of Alabama. Roscoe C. Martin, then director of the Bureau, originated the project, obtained support for it from the Rockefeller Foundation and gave it general supervision.Mr. Key was assisted by several persons, including this writer. He directed a large share of the project's resources to the task of interviewing participants in southern politics. Forty per cent of the budget was allocated for the salaries and expenses of the two interviewers and for transcribing their reports. Thirty per cent of the time of the senior staff members and twenty per cent of the total time of the whole staff was spent in the field. The decision to devote this large amount of time and money to interviewing rested on the conviction that much significant political information could be obtained only from politicians themselves or from their close associates. It rested also on the belief that accurate observation would eliminate the need for conjecture about many political phenomena.