Suchergebnisse

In the two to five years immediately following end of conflicts, UN peacekeeping operations have succeeded in maintaining peace, while income and consumption growth rates have been higher than normal and recovery on key education and health indicators has been possible. Aid also has been super-effective in promoting recovery, not only by financing physical infrastructure but also by helping in the monetary reconstruction of postconflict economies. However, sustaining these short-term gains was met with two difficult challenges. First, long-term sustainability of peace and growth hinges primarily on the ability of postconflict societies to develop institutions for the delivery of public goods, which, in turn, depends on the capacity of post-conflict elites to overcome an entrenched culture of political fragmentation and form stable national coalitions, beyond their immediate ethnic or regional power bases. Second, after catch-up growth runs its course, high levels of aid could lead to overvalued real currencies, at a time when growth requires a competitive exchange rate and economic diversification. Successful peace-building would, therefore, require that these political and economic imperatives of postconflict transitions be accounted for in the design of UN peacekeeping operations as well as the aid regime.

"Postconflict Reparations" published on by Oxford University Press.

During civil wars governments typically resort to inflation to raise revenue. A model of this phenomenon is presented, estimated, and applied to the choices and constraints faced during the postconflict period. The results show that far from there being a fiscal peace dividend, postconflict governments tend to face even more pressing needs after than during war. As a result, in the absence of postconflict aid, inflation increases sharply, frustrating a more general monetary recovery. Aid decisively transforms the path of monetary variables in the postconflict period, enabling the economy to regain peacetime characteristics. Postconflict aid thus achieves a monetary "reconstruction" analogous to its more evident role in infrastructure.

Democracy assistance to postconflict societies / Krishna Kumar and Jeroen de Zeeuw -- International support to "no-party" democracy in Uganda / John-Jean Barya -- Electoral assistance and democratic transition in Ethiopia / Dessalegn Rahmato and Meheret Ayenew -- Fostering multiparty politics in Mozambique / Marc de Tollenaere -- Strengthening human rights in Guatemala / Dinorah Azpuru -- Human rights challenges in postconflict Cambodia / Sorpong Peou -- Human rights assistance to Sierra Leone / Mohamed Gibril Sesay and Charlie Hughes -- Transitional justice in Sierra Leone / Marieke Wierda -- Media assistance to postgenocide Rwanda / Christopher Kayumba and Jean-Paul Kimonyo -- Promoting independent media in El Salvador / Anne Germain Lef(c)·vre -- Building a community radio network in Afghanistan / Krishna Kumar -- Conclusions -- Findings and recommendations / Jeroen de Zeeuw and Luc van de Goor