Suchergebnisse

An analysis of the content of three publications, Pravda, Izvestiya & Novoe Vremya, from 1985-1992 shows how news coverage of Africa was increasingly marginalised as Gorbachev's 'glasnost' reforms took hold. The stance adopted towards Africa changed from communist paternalism to outright negativity as the continent was used by politicians & journalists as a metaphor for poverty & backwardness. The result was rising racism against Africans living in Russia. 26 References. [Reprinted by permission of Sage Publications Ltd., copyright 2005 Institute of Race Relations.]

Addressing Aids and unemployment is one of the greatest challenges facing South Africa at present. Health and welfare interventions will be costly and are likely to meet with resistance from taxpayers. Expanding employment (which will help alleviate poverty and expand the pool of taxpayers) is thus necessary. An inclusive social accord could help, but only if organised labour is prepared to make concessions, as was the case in the new social accords in Australia, Ireland and the Netherlands. (Dev South Afr/DÜI)

This text focuses on social justice and the main contemporary interpretative trends concerning the nature and practice of welfare. The author underlines the diverse meanings of political values such as "subsidiarity", "solidarity", "social cohesion" and "activation" as they relate to their integration into ongoing social changes. The author also highlights the differences between the moral (private) and political (public) concepts of welfare, stressing the need for a non-depoliticised welfare in order to reduce injustice and social poverty.

The Clinton economic boom witnessed a robust expansion of female employment, especially among single heads of households, and of wage increases, especially for low‐wage workers. However, the employment difficulties of African‐American men persisted, official poverty was reduced but not economic deprivation, and the vulnerability of children of single heads increased. Compared to the previous downturn, the current downturn is more severe when measured by employment losses and has hit women harder as a result of September 11.

Ce document a été rédigé comme support à la contribution de l'auteur à la discussion sur le thème "Making world agricultural trade work for the rural poor" (Partie 1 du Forum : "Rural strategies for poverty reduction"). L'auteur y expose les principaux éléments de la controverse entre libéralisation totale des marchés et intervention-régulation par les états, pour apporter une réflexion plus mesurée sur la question de la réduction de la pauvreté et de la malnutrition dans les pays en développement

The Fulani of Northern Burkina Faso are a highly mobile population, and spatial mobility is seen as the key to survive in the unpredictable environment of the Sahel. Through examining the economic status of migrants, the author questions the pessimistic view of temporary rural out-migration as having its roots firmly embedded in poverty and underdevelopment. The primacy of a purely economic model of migration is challenged through an exploration of issues of identity and social networks. (DSE/DÜI)

Policymakers in Syria are seriously concerned (a) about social equality and equal opportunities for women and men; and (b) about the effectiveness of financial institutions in providing adequate services to men, women and youth to fight poverty and reduce unemployment. Considerable social progress has been achieved in terms of social indicators; but wide gaps persist in terms of economic opportunities for women and men. A private banking law, presently before parliament, is expected to lead to thourough reforms of state-controlled banks

Considers the way in which UK and American pension schemes are structured for women's poverty and social exclusion in later life. Analyses recent trends in women's employment and the impacts on current pension structures. Looks at the impact of different pension schemes and goes on to cover the effect on different classes and ethnicities. States that childcare is currently uncrecognised within pension systems as it is unwaged work and can lead to serious adverse financial impacts on women undertaking this role.

It is now widely accepted that AIDS in not just a health issue. In the recently developed Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper, the Malawi people and government designated HIV/AIDS as a crosscutting issue, and the Malawi National HIV/AIDS Strategic Framework 2000-2004 calls for "an expanded, multi-sectoral national response to the epidemic." However the capacity to respond to these calls lags behind. In many sectors, policy making still proceeds as if HIV/AIDS never happened. ; Non-PR ; IFPRI1; GRP33; RENEWAL ; ISNAR

Social transfers vary enormously across the EU, as has been demonstrated in earlier research. This paper analyses the comparative effects of cash transfers on inequality and poverty, using consistent household data. The analysis shows that the distributional impact of these transfers is greater in countries that spend a higher proportion of income on them but that there are other important determinants, including the distribution of funds between different types of transfers and the degree of targeting for each transfer.

Our schools will need to hire more than two million teachers in the next decade for classrooms that already face shortages of qualified teachers, particularly in high-poverty communities. Many districts hire teachers on substandard licenses. New teachers often enter classrooms underprepared for the challenges they will face and are given insufficient support in their first years. For teachers in the classrooms, opportunities to strengthen their skills and knowledge remain largely disjointed, unfocused, and unconnected to classroom practice. (Riley, 2000, p. iii).

Books Reviewed:David Laidler, Fabricating the Keynesian Revolution: Studies of the Inter‐war Literature on Money, the Cycle and UnemploymentG. C. Harcourt, An Introduction to Econometric Theory: Measure‐Theoretic Probability and Statistics with Applications to EconomicsJ. Roderick Mccrorie, The Wealth of the World and the Poverty of NationsChristopher Bliss, Inflation Targeting: Lessons from the International ExperienceAlan Budd, The Economics of International Transfers. By Steven Brakman and Charles Van MarrewijkHoward Glennerster, Market Limits in Health Reform: Public Success, Private Failure. By Albert G. Schweinberger

Partnerships emerged in Italy in the 1990s as a result of institutional reforms, European influence, financial pressure and the dynamic search for new models of public policies (or beyond, collective action) to combat poverty and long term unemployment. The paper traces the different strand of partnership, the diversity of experimentation and common trends among widely diversified local situations. The Urban programme in Napoli is used as a case-study to illustrate the innovation taking place in terms of public policies.