This volume is suitable for A Level courses on prejudice and/or prejudice and discrimination, or as a supplement in social psychology and developmental psychology courses. This second edition features a new chapter on the influence of peers, parents and personality on prejudice
Introduction / Shashi Tharoor -- Prejudice : conceptual and universal dynamics -- From unmentalized xenophobia to messianic sadism : some reflections on the phenomenology of prejudice / Salman Akhtar -- Toward understanding prejudice : benign and malignant / Henri Parens -- Terrorism, fundamentalism and nihilism : analyzing the dilemmas of modernity / James Gilligan -- Developmental aspects of prejudice -- The development of prejudice : an attachment theory hypothesis explaining its ubiquity / Peter Fonagy and Anna Higgitt -- Roots of Prejudice : findings from observational research / Henri Parens -- Family development and the origin of prejudice / David Scharff and Jill Scharff -- The roots of prejudice in family life / Hans-Jurgen Wirth -- Malignant prejudice : specific kinds -- Anti-Black racism and the conception of whiteness / Forrest Hamer -- Contemporary anti-semitism : variations on an ancient theme / Ira Brenner -- Religious prejudice and the formation of Mormon and non-Mormon selves in Utah : a view from phenomenological anthropology / David Knowlton -- Panelalestinian-Israeli conflict / Nadia Ramzy -- Prejudice between Palestinians and Israelis / George Awad -- Belief systems, identity and the function of prejudice in Israeli politics / Carlo Strenger -- Prejudice : studies and prevention strategies -- A brief history of prejudice studies / Elizabeth Young-Bruehl -- The prejudices of everyday life with observations from field trials / Stuart W. Twemlow and Frank Sacco -- Germans and Israeli Jews : hidden emotional dynamics / Hanna Mann-Shalvi -- Malignant prejudice : guidelines toward its prevention / Henri Parens
ABSTRACTThis paper examines how prejudice biases an evaluation outcome. We also show that referring to past data, which leads to prejudice, can provide a better estimator for the quality of the object under evaluation, even if biased, in the sense that it reduces the mean squared error. However, in cases in which the quality of the evaluation depends on the referee's effort, as well as on his ability, prejudice aggravates the evaluation outcome by dampening his refereeing efforts, thus possibly yielding a worse estimator than no prejudice even in terms of the mean squared error. If evaluators possess prejudice, an individual's performance in the earlier stage of his career becomes more important, at least in the short run, thus creating an incentive to work harder in the earlier stage than in the later stage. This may provide an alternative explanation for cut‐throat competition in the earlier stage to the traditional signaling argument.
"In this book, we examine the past and present research and theory on the motivations (the why), the situations and contexts (the when), the individual difference variables and traits (the who), and the affective and cognitive processes (the how) that lead to stereotyping and prejudice. The intent is to provide an in-depth and broad-ranging analysis of stereotyping and prejudice. The text focuses on understanding the issues, theories, and important empirical experiments that bear upon each problem in stereotyping and prejudice and to understand the most up-to-date research, theories, and conclusions of the leading researchers in the field. Stereotyping and prejudice are indeed complex in their origin, and one of the main goals of this book is to provide a coherent picture of the conditions under which stereotyping and prejudice are more (or less) likely to occur. Another primary focus is to examine whether (and how) stereotyping and prejudice can be reduced or eliminated"--
This book offers a bold and controversial new thesis regarding the nature of prejudice. The authors' central claim is that prejudice is not simply learned, rather it is predisposed in all human beings and is thus the foundation for ethical valuation. They aim to destroy the illusion that prejudice is merely the result of learned beliefs, socially conditioned attitudes, or pathological states of development. Contrary to traditional accounts, prejudice itself is not a negative attribute of human nature, rather it is the necessary precondition for the self and civilization to emerge. Defined as the preferential self-expression of valuation, prejudice gives rise to greater existential complexities and novelties that elevate selfhood and society to higher states of ethical realization. Rather than offer another contribution that highlights the destructive nature of prejudice, Mills and Polanowski address the ontological, psychological, and dialectical origins of prejudice as it manifests itself in the process of selfhood and culture. They provide an original conceptualization of the phenomenology of prejudice and its dialectical instantiation in the ontology of the individual, worldhood, and the very structures of subjectivity. As a unique synthesis of psychoanalysis, Hegelian idealism, Heideggerian existential ontology, and Whiteheadian process philosophy, prejudice is the indispensable ground for humanity to actualize its highest potentiality-for-Being. The striking result is (1) a revolutionary theory of human nature, (2) a new ethical system, and (3) the elevation of dialectical ethics to the domain of metaphysics
1. The social neuroscience of prejudice : then, now, and what's to come / David M. Amodio -- 2. Evolutionary perspectives on prejudice / Catherine A. Cottrell and Justin H. Park -- 3. When we see prejudice : the normative window and social change / Christian S. Crandall, Mark A. Ferguson, and Angela J. Bahns -- 4. An adaptationist perspective on the psychology of intergroup prejudice / Carlos David Navarrete and Joshua M. Tybur -- 5. Stereotype threat / Jenessa R. Shapiro and Joshua Aronson -- 6. Cultural dynamics of intergroup relations : how communications can shape intergroup reality / Yoshihisa Kashima -- 7. Stereotypes and prejudice from an intergroup relations perspective : their relation to social structure / Felicia Pratto, Kristin E. Henkel, and I-Ching Lee -- 8. From prejudiced people to prejudiced places : a social-contextual approach to prejudice / Mary C. Murphy and Gregory M. Walton -- 9. Social psychological approaches to understanding small-group diversity : the flexibility of cognitive representations / Julia D. O'Brien and Charles Stangor -- 10. Group identification and prejudice distribution : implications for diversity / Cheryl R. Kaiser and Kerry E. Spalding -- 11. Oh the places we should go! : stereotyping and prejudice in (real) mixed interactions / Eden King and Mikki Hebl.
"This title was first published in 2000. Rethinking Prejudice offers the first philosophical monograph on the concept of prejudice. It takes its start from a study of Enlightenment thought, and pursues the topic to the reassessment of prejudice in contemporary hermeneutics. Yet history of ideas is a means rather than an end in this book. Dorschel analyzes the debates about prejudice from the 17th century onwards in order to shed light upon present concerns. Prejudice is not something peculiar to racists and similarly sinister figures, Dorschel argues; rather, it is an indispensable part of everyone's intellectual repertoire; if relevant phenomena are to be criticized, a genuine moral stance cannot be avoided. This book introduces and explores a topic of wide interest, particularly to those researching within the fields of philosophy, history of ideas, cultural studies, and social and political theory."--Provided by publisher
Tim Parks, author of Where I'm Reading From, thinks ornate books like Catton's signal the increasingly formulaic highwire act of what he calls 'the dull new global novel.' He critiques the Spanish- Argentine writer Andres Neuman's Traveler of the Century and the Briton William Boyd's Waiting for Sunrise as 'complex literary novels together with the kind of high-tension plot that can attract a wider readership.' Imagine Jane Austen's Pride and Prejudice without the provincial protocols of courtship in 19th-century Hertfordshire. The current shift in the novel dovetails with-and may even respond to-another development: Prestigious English-language book prizes, once limited to writers from a handful of countries, are opening up to worldwide competition. In 2013, when the Man Booker announced it would accept non-Commonwealth books, the decision drew fierce criticism. The world's writers and publishers are now invested in that game. While some novelists pander to the broadest possible international readership, however, many great ones still tilt in the other direction. Adapted from the source document.