Suchergebnisse

Object of the paper – environmental education, realized by foreign representatives with the aim of public diplomacy. Aim of the paper –to explore the environmental education as a part of public diplomacy. Goals of the paper – to reveal the concept of public diplomacy and its relationship with similar communication spheres; to find out the means used for public diplomacy; to reveal the concept of environmental education; to examine the causes and methods used to implement environmental education; to explore the input of international community in implementation of environmental education; to evaluate environmental education, that foreign agencies organize in their goals aspect; to explore the input of foreign agencies in environmental education in Lithuania. The first part of the paper introduces the concept of public diplomacy, its' relationship with propaganda, public relations and nation branding. The second part of the paper introduces with the concept of environmental education, presents the international position about it. The third part of the paper introduces the project of the research and gives detailed analysis of carried out interviews with the representatives of foreign institutions and experts that work in the field of environmental information.

Object of the paper – environmental education, realized by foreign representatives with the aim of public diplomacy. Aim of the paper –to explore the environmental education as a part of public diplomacy. Goals of the paper – to reveal the concept of public diplomacy and its relationship with similar communication spheres; to find out the means used for public diplomacy; to reveal the concept of environmental education; to examine the causes and methods used to implement environmental education; to explore the input of international community in implementation of environmental education; to evaluate environmental education, that foreign agencies organize in their goals aspect; to explore the input of foreign agencies in environmental education in Lithuania. The first part of the paper introduces the concept of public diplomacy, its' relationship with propaganda, public relations and nation branding. The second part of the paper introduces with the concept of environmental education, presents the international position about it. The third part of the paper introduces the project of the research and gives detailed analysis of carried out interviews with the representatives of foreign institutions and experts that work in the field of environmental information.

Means through which states promote their names have first been called propaganda, later public diplomacy, and nowadays these notions are often replaced with the concept of public relations. Yet the ways of promoting a country's name abroad by means of public diplomacy have not been widely analysed, therefore it merits research. The aim of this Master thesis is to analyse the application of public diplomacy for increasing knowledge about a country by analysing one case, i.e. the efforts of the Presidency of the Republic of Lithuania to promote the country's name in the context of an historical event. The objectives are the following: to analyse the notion of public diplomacy and its importance vis-à-vis other means of popularising a country; to analyse what possibilities to promote the country's name the Lithuanian Presidency had during the celebration of the millennium of Lithuania's name, which of those were actually applied, and how successful they were. The following research methods were applied: analysis of scholarly literature; quantitative as well as qualitative content analysis; and an expert interview. The conclusion has been reached that, in the case analysed, the Lithuanian Presidency actively applied public diplomacy, taking measures oriented at publicity through mass media. In particular, the strategy of a "pseudo-event" was chosen, when using symbols an event is created in order to attract media attention. Such an event was the ceremony of celebrating the millennium of Lithuania's name, in which political leaders of thirteen states took part. As the event was rather widely reflected in the media of other countries, one can conclude that it was an example of successful application of the "pseudo-event" strategy as a means of public diplomacy.

Means through which states promote their names have first been called propaganda, later public diplomacy, and nowadays these notions are often replaced with the concept of public relations. Yet the ways of promoting a country's name abroad by means of public diplomacy have not been widely analysed, therefore it merits research. The aim of this Master thesis is to analyse the application of public diplomacy for increasing knowledge about a country by analysing one case, i.e. the efforts of the Presidency of the Republic of Lithuania to promote the country's name in the context of an historical event. The objectives are the following: to analyse the notion of public diplomacy and its importance vis-à-vis other means of popularising a country; to analyse what possibilities to promote the country's name the Lithuanian Presidency had during the celebration of the millennium of Lithuania's name, which of those were actually applied, and how successful they were. The following research methods were applied: analysis of scholarly literature; quantitative as well as qualitative content analysis; and an expert interview. The conclusion has been reached that, in the case analysed, the Lithuanian Presidency actively applied public diplomacy, taking measures oriented at publicity through mass media. In particular, the strategy of a "pseudo-event" was chosen, when using symbols an event is created in order to attract media attention. Such an event was the ceremony of celebrating the millennium of Lithuania's name, in which political leaders of thirteen states took part. As the event was rather widely reflected in the media of other countries, one can conclude that it was an example of successful application of the "pseudo-event" strategy as a means of public diplomacy.

Each country seeks to create a unique national brand that discloses its identity and image, and helps other nations to uncode its economic, cultural, political and other strengths. Nation branding is one of the processes for image formation and development, and the aim of image is to stimulate exports, attract tourism flows and investments, and create positive perception in international level. Nation branding is important not only for popularization of nation brand externally, but also for formation of residents' attitudes towards the country, for internal image and reputation. In other words the effect of nation branding is dual. The intensifying interest of scholars and practitioners from different fields in nation branding conditions the emergence of interdisciplinary studies that leads to a better understanding of this phenomenon. The idea that nation image creation and strengthening in geopolitical space depends on synergy of nation branding and public diplomacy is reasoned in this paper. The synergy of nation branding and public diplomacy disclose a contemporary effect and complementary of these different processes.

Each country seeks to create a unique national brand that discloses its identity and image, and helps other nations to uncode its economic, cultural, political and other strengths. Nation branding is one of the processes for image formation and development, and the aim of image is to stimulate exports, attract tourism flows and investments, and create positive perception in international level. Nation branding is important not only for popularization of nation brand externally, but also for formation of residents' attitudes towards the country, for internal image and reputation. In other words the effect of nation branding is dual. The intensifying interest of scholars and practitioners from different fields in nation branding conditions the emergence of interdisciplinary studies that leads to a better understanding of this phenomenon. The idea that nation image creation and strengthening in geopolitical space depends on synergy of nation branding and public diplomacy is reasoned in this paper. The synergy of nation branding and public diplomacy disclose a contemporary effect and complementary of these different processes.

Each country seeks to create a unique national brand that discloses its identity and image, and helps other nations to uncode its economic, cultural, political and other strengths. Nation branding is one of the processes for image formation and development, and the aim of image is to stimulate exports, attract tourism flows and investments, and create positive perception in international level. Nation branding is important not only for popularization of nation brand externally, but also for formation of residents' attitudes towards the country, for internal image and reputation. In other words the effect of nation branding is dual. The intensifying interest of scholars and practitioners from different fields in nation branding conditions the emergence of interdisciplinary studies that leads to a better understanding of this phenomenon. The idea that nation image creation and strengthening in geopolitical space depends on synergy of nation branding and public diplomacy is reasoned in this paper. The synergy of nation branding and public diplomacy disclose a contemporary effect and complementary of these different processes.

Each country seeks to create a unique national brand that discloses its identity and image, and helps other nations to uncode its economic, cultural, political and other strengths. Nation branding is one of the processes for image formation and development, and the aim of image is to stimulate exports, attract tourism flows and investments, and create positive perception in international level. Nation branding is important not only for popularization of nation brand externally, but also for formation of residents' attitudes towards the country, for internal image and reputation. In other words the effect of nation branding is dual. The intensifying interest of scholars and practitioners from different fields in nation branding conditions the emergence of interdisciplinary studies that leads to a better understanding of this phenomenon. The idea that nation image creation and strengthening in geopolitical space depends on synergy of nation branding and public diplomacy is reasoned in this paper. The synergy of nation branding and public diplomacy disclose a contemporary effect and complementary of these different processes.

The main objective of this study is to analyze how public diplomacy implemented in peacekeeping operations by the Lithuanian army representatives influences country's image. The subject gives a rise to a problem which needs a deeper analysis: it is vital to find out if attention drawn to public diplomacy by the state officials is sufficient, to consider the benefit it brings to the image formation process. In pursuance of purposeful analysis it is necessary to define the limits of the research – this study does not analyze all peacekeeping operations but focuses only on the NATO-led international operations in which Lithuanian soldiers are employed, i.e. the operations of Afghanistan, Iraq and Kosovo. The Kosovo operation is already finished for us as the last squad was sent on 2009, but the participation in this mission still has an influence to Lithuania's image. This study presents the conception of public diplomacy, characterizes its main dimensions and instruments, analyzes the influence of public diplomacy on shaping an external and internal country image and reveals how the participation of Lithuanian army representatives in international peacekeeping operations contributes to the image of the state. The survey data comparisons and analysis of the results showed a public confidence in Lithuanian Armed Forces and support to country's membership in NATO. Although citizens witness the negative aspects of partaking in peacekeeping operations, i.e. an increase in spending of the state budget, threats to the employed relatives, psychological inconvenience emerging because of the separation of families for a half year etc., but all in all Lithuania's participation in NATO operations are supported and welcomed by the citizens. The results confirmed the hypothesis that Lithuanian peacekeepers are shaping a positive attitude to the country in the society, promote pride in their own state and contribute to national image building. The boom of public diplomacy was stimulated by innovations in communication technologies, political revolutions that induced many autocratic countries become democratic, and revolution in the arena of international relations, which showed that national image and reputation has become as important as military power or economic opportunities. An analysis of the benefits of public diplomacy in national image formation should encourage discussions about the use of this communication tool for the best effect in Lithuania's image building.

The main objective of this study is to analyze how public diplomacy implemented in peacekeeping operations by the Lithuanian army representatives influences country's image. The subject gives a rise to a problem which needs a deeper analysis: it is vital to find out if attention drawn to public diplomacy by the state officials is sufficient, to consider the benefit it brings to the image formation process. In pursuance of purposeful analysis it is necessary to define the limits of the research – this study does not analyze all peacekeeping operations but focuses only on the NATO-led international operations in which Lithuanian soldiers are employed, i.e. the operations of Afghanistan, Iraq and Kosovo. The Kosovo operation is already finished for us as the last squad was sent on 2009, but the participation in this mission still has an influence to Lithuania's image. This study presents the conception of public diplomacy, characterizes its main dimensions and instruments, analyzes the influence of public diplomacy on shaping an external and internal country image and reveals how the participation of Lithuanian army representatives in international peacekeeping operations contributes to the image of the state. The survey data comparisons and analysis of the results showed a public confidence in Lithuanian Armed Forces and support to country's membership in NATO. Although citizens witness the negative aspects of partaking in peacekeeping operations, i.e. an increase in spending of the state budget, threats to the employed relatives, psychological inconvenience emerging because of the separation of families for a half year etc., but all in all Lithuania's participation in NATO operations are supported and welcomed by the citizens. The results confirmed the hypothesis that Lithuanian peacekeepers are shaping a positive attitude to the country in the society, promote pride in their own state and contribute to national image building. The boom of public diplomacy was stimulated by innovations in communication technologies, political revolutions that induced many autocratic countries become democratic, and revolution in the arena of international relations, which showed that national image and reputation has become as important as military power or economic opportunities. An analysis of the benefits of public diplomacy in national image formation should encourage discussions about the use of this communication tool for the best effect in Lithuania's image building.

The main objective of this study is to analyze how public diplomacy implemented in peacekeeping operations by the Lithuanian army representatives influences country's image. The subject gives a rise to a problem which needs a deeper analysis: it is vital to find out if attention drawn to public diplomacy by the state officials is sufficient, to consider the benefit it brings to the image formation process. In pursuance of purposeful analysis it is necessary to define the limits of the research – this study does not analyze all peacekeeping operations but focuses only on the NATO-led international operations in which Lithuanian soldiers are employed, i.e. the operations of Afghanistan, Iraq and Kosovo. The Kosovo operation is already finished for us as the last squad was sent on 2009, but the participation in this mission still has an influence to Lithuania's image. This study presents the conception of public diplomacy, characterizes its main dimensions and instruments, analyzes the influence of public diplomacy on shaping an external and internal country image and reveals how the participation of Lithuanian army representatives in international peacekeeping operations contributes to the image of the state. The survey data comparisons and analysis of the results showed a public confidence in Lithuanian Armed Forces and support to country's membership in NATO. Although citizens witness the negative aspects of partaking in peacekeeping operations, i.e. an increase in spending of the state budget, threats to the employed relatives, psychological inconvenience emerging because of the separation of families for a half year etc., but all in all Lithuania's participation in NATO operations are supported and welcomed by the citizens. The results confirmed the hypothesis that Lithuanian peacekeepers are shaping a positive attitude to the country in the society, promote pride in their own state and contribute to national image building. The boom of public diplomacy was stimulated by innovations in communication technologies, political revolutions that induced many autocratic countries become democratic, and revolution in the arena of international relations, which showed that national image and reputation has become as important as military power or economic opportunities. An analysis of the benefits of public diplomacy in national image formation should encourage discussions about the use of this communication tool for the best effect in Lithuania's image building.

This paper deals with the decade of the 2000s in Japan's public diplomacy, and tries to distinguish the newest trends, related to the changes in the post-Cold War world system. The aspect chosen for this comparison is one that concentrates on the aims of public diplomacy. "Aims" in the framework of this paper are understood as the structural segment of the classical definition of public diplomacy, which raises the main question of why public diplomacy is conducted (i.e. what are the main factors in the international community inspiring it), thus giving the basis for its legitimation per se. Regarding this, the paper proposes three main statements that are directly related to the changing aims of Japan's post-Cold War diplomacy in respect of earlier periods. It states that the government's attention to public diplomacy has been increasing since the 2000s; Japan's diplomacy tends to direct its resources towards 'softer' methods (co-optation); 'Traditional' content is complemented (or replaced?) by the 'popular' in Japan's public diplomacy. These changes are closely related to important changes in the majority of the world's countries, in which public diplomacy has developed from a quasi-secret policy related to the intelligence service and information warfare, into fashionable and openly declared activities aimed at increasing a country's attractiveness. This is inspired by increasing international competition, the importance of soft power, and noopolitik, the changing target. [to full text]

This paper deals with the decade of the 2000s in Japan's public diplomacy, and tries to distinguish the newest trends, related to the changes in the post-Cold War world system. The aspect chosen for this comparison is one that concentrates on the aims of public diplomacy. "Aims" in the framework of this paper are understood as the structural segment of the classical definition of public diplomacy, which raises the main question of why public diplomacy is conducted (i.e. what are the main factors in the international community inspiring it), thus giving the basis for its legitimation per se. Regarding this, the paper proposes three main statements that are directly related to the changing aims of Japan's post-Cold War diplomacy in respect of earlier periods. It states that the government's attention to public diplomacy has been increasing since the 2000s; Japan's diplomacy tends to direct its resources towards 'softer' methods (co-optation); 'Traditional' content is complemented (or replaced?) by the 'popular' in Japan's public diplomacy. These changes are closely related to important changes in the majority of the world's countries, in which public diplomacy has developed from a quasi-secret policy related to the intelligence service and information warfare, into fashionable and openly declared activities aimed at increasing a country's attractiveness. This is inspired by increasing international competition, the importance of soft power, and noopolitik, the changing target. [to full text]

This paper deals with the decade of the 2000s in Japan's public diplomacy, and tries to distinguish the newest trends, related to the changes in the post-Cold War world system. The aspect chosen for this comparison is one that concentrates on the aims of public diplomacy. "Aims" in the framework of this paper are understood as the structural segment of the classical definition of public diplomacy, which raises the main question of why public diplomacy is conducted (i.e. what are the main factors in the international community inspiring it), thus giving the basis for its legitimation per se. Regarding this, the paper proposes three main statements that are directly related to the changing aims of Japan's post-Cold War diplomacy in respect of earlier periods. It states that the government's attention to public diplomacy has been increasing since the 2000s; Japan's diplomacy tends to direct its resources towards 'softer' methods (co-optation); 'Traditional' content is complemented (or replaced?) by the 'popular' in Japan's public diplomacy. These changes are closely related to important changes in the majority of the world's countries, in which public diplomacy has developed from a quasi-secret policy related to the intelligence service and information warfare, into fashionable and openly declared activities aimed at increasing a country's attractiveness. This is inspired by increasing international competition, the importance of soft power, and noopolitik, the changing target. [to full text]

Good state image ensures smooth integration into global market and international political system, helps to attract more foreign direct investments, tourists. It secures that country will gain the support of foreign countries and international organizations in solving various economic, political and security issues. In XXI century even small states are used to set a strategic goal of image forming in their national strategies and achieve this goal by using public diplomacy and nation branding. This paper aims to analyze the issues of contemprorary small states image forming by using public diplomacy and developing nation brand. Also main problems of Lithuania image forming are identified on the basis of comparative analysis of the cases of Lithuania, Estonia, Finland. The paper also contains the model of image forming and development of public diplomacy for Lithuania which was created on the basis of the comparative analysis of these three cases.