Suchergebnisse

A content analysis of news item & editorial coverage of the 'Trenton Six Case' by Negro, Communist, & general circulation newspapers in the US. The case involved a murder (1948), the implication of six Negroes, & a 5-yr series of legal proceedings concluded by acquittal & (for one of the men) a light sentence. The purpose of the content analysis was to learn how the paper's identity, pol'al commitment, & geographical proximity to the case affected its coverage. The 8 analyzed papers fell into 4 regional-ethnic groups: eastern Negro, western Negro, eastern non-ethnic, & western non-ethnic; & were further sub-divided on the basis of their pol'al affiliation. The major units of analysis were number of articles per time period, number of column inches, & f of occurence of 3 types of themes: 'racial discrimination,' 'denial of civil rights,' & 'subversive contamination.' Results indicated that in the Negro press pol'al orientation & geographical location were secondary to racial interest as factors determining type & amount of coverage but that an 'all or none policy' appeared since 2 Negro papers in California did not report the case, whereas a 3rd reported it fully. As to the non-ethnic press, pol'al interest was decisive since the Communist papers gave the case a heavy & qualitatively diff type of coverage. Of the 5 papers in the sample the theme of 'subversive contamination' appeared only in The New York Times. K. Geiger.

The available public health data for San Antonio for the period cited is assembled. Factors associated with birth and death rates and the incidence of various diseases are analyzed, including the factor of racial and ethnic differences. Public health practices are described and the history of the political status of the health department is developed. E. Scott.

Success of the Protestant missionary enterprise throughout the African continent depends upon the practice of racial equality between missionaries and natives. Missionaries going into the continent, and now at work, must consciously avoid all forms of segregation and discrimination, existing as a result of racial and cultural differences. The article treats 4 topics: (1) the historical background of African-missionary relations; (2) general guides for a program to reduce discrimination; (3) examples demonstrating social integration in person-to-person behavior; (4) principles of effective interracial relations. Foreign missions personnel are admonished to attend to the importance of race relations within the US, and the effect thereon of ethnic-group behavior in Africa. M. F. Lewis.

We may begin by stating three fundamental factors which in their interrelationship and when set into our scheme of economic competition are the basis of the minority group status of the Japanese immigrants in America. It is also these three factors which serve to relate the American-born Japanese to the present world crisis.To be considered first is the factor of race. It has been used as a discriminating category for land ownership, for naturalization, and for regulating immigration. In 1913 California passed the first of the anti-alien land laws, prohibiting aliens ineligible for citizenship from owning land. Other states followed later with similar laws. In 1922 the United States Supreme Court upheld a lower court decision that members of the "Mongolian race or the Malay race" could not be naturalized. The final legal disability placed upon the Japanese on a basis of race was denying them the right of any further immigration. This was established by the National Immigration Act of 1924, often called the "Exclusion Act." Other groups face social problems because of discrimination based upon racial features, but in the case of the Japanese, when race is combined with the other two factors, it gains unique significance.The second factor of fundamental importance is that of the Japanese ethnic heritage, of which a central point of concern was the Japanese family system. As early as 1900 the Americans in San Francisco were demanding exclusion, but then the immigrants were mainly single males, as the sex ratio of 2,369.9 males for every hundred females shows, but by 1910 this had dropped to 694.1.

If by colonial status is meant ,any situation where a pol'ly dominant group is in contact with an alleged culturally inferior group whom it aims to 'civilize', colonial statuses exist within the borders of such countries as the USSR & the US. Usually the term is confined to clearly delimited geographical areas or 'reserves'. The Portuguese 'tribal' provinces of Africa are integral parts of Portugal, but, nevertheless, have colonial status. The policy of Portugal in this matter is one of voluntary assimilation. Assimilation to Portuguese culture is encouraged but on a voluntary basis. The place of the foremost elite group is held by members of the colonial nation. While the Portuguese colonist has the duty to protect the native who may not know the law, for example, the 'primitive' can be absolved from the rule off responsibility for his own overt acts. The superiority asserted in this relationship is cultural, not racial, & contains the promise of brotherhood & equality as assimilation proceeds. With a subsidy from the state, the Cath Church carries on the schooling of the native pop's. The assimilated natives act as an intermediate class between the colonial power & the indigenous group. Since the legal status of `primitive' carries certain advantages of taxation & military service, the number of natives who have the legal status of 'assimilated' is much smaller than the actual number who have adopted Portuguese usages & customs. According to census of 1950, in Angola there were 4,036,687 natives, 78,826 non-natives, & 4,349 assimilated. There has been a general & progressive increase in the number of individuals attaining citizenship by descent & by assimilation. Eligibility for employment or soc functions does not depend on race. There are no Negro elites rejected by both the European & the African community, a phenomenon of many other territories. Assimilation in the future may be disturbed by partial detribalization. An accompaniment of detribalization has been the drift to cities & the formation of societies of many descriptions ranging from craft brotherhoods to secret societies. The native chiefs, who might be expected to operate as a force of conservatism, are limited in practice to the point that they are simply a cog in the general admin've machinery of the territory. Ethnic, linguistic, or religious minorities have not proved to be a threat to the pol'al unity of the provinces. Such dangers are more likely to come from internat'al or foreign influences such as the Islamic Orthodox movement, pan-Arabism, anti-white racism, racial anti-colonialism, Russian or Chinese Communism, or the Indian doctrine of 'living space'. B. J. Keeley.