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This paper analyzes reforms and counter-reforms in Bolivia in recent decades and their effects on the policymaking process (PMP) and productivity. Bolivia's PMP has shifted from a formal representative democracy to a "participative and direct type of democracy" where street protest and other non-conventional forms of political participation have become dominant. While reforms have increased productivity, they have failed to secure the political support necessary to assure long-term sustainability. In contrast, counter-reforms have so far enjoyed extensive political support, but productivity has stagnated since this process started, with declining economic growth and job creation—developments likely to undermine support for the counter-reform process. The document stresses the need to rebuild a consensus around a PMP capable of increasing productivity and employment creation while restoring social cohesion.

"Budget Reform and Political Reform" examines the political nature of the budget process, including the interplay between the agents in the budget exercise, and considers the difficulties and opportunities that the politicization of the budget process provides for conducting meaningful fiscal reform.

"In dieser Studie werden Konzept und Realisierung der japanischen Regulationspraxis analysierr sowie ihre Auswirkungen auf den internationalen Handel und die Ursachen für den langsamen Fortschritt der Deregulation. Dabei wird die Meinung vertreten, dass als Folge der informellen Macht der japanischen Bürokratie mit ihrem großen Ermessensspielraum, kombiniert mit der fortdauernden Beeinflussung des regulatorischen Systems, sowohl hohe Preise als auch die Abschottung der japanischen Märkte vor Importen aufrechterhalten werden. Außerdem ist zu berücksichtigen, dass die nur schwach entwickelte japanische Anti-Trust-Politik den Kartellen die Möglichkeit gibt, eine einflussreiche Rolle bei der Regulierung der Märkte zu spielen, vor allem in der Stahl- und Chemiebranche. Auch wenn einige Liberalisierungsinitiativen durchaus erkennbare regulatorische Reformen gebracht haben, so haben sie doch nicht das japanische regulatorische System in seiner prinzipiellen Wirkungsweise verändert. Weder die Unternehmen noch die Bürokratie wollen eine wirklich durchgreifende Reform oder freie Märkte. Liberale Reformmaßnahmen in Japan sind wichtig als Korrektiv und Ergänzung der merkantilistischen Politik, aber es ist unwahrscheinlich, dass sie Japans politikökonomisches System verändern." (Autorenreferat)

Alain C. Enthoven's paper, To Reform Medicare, Reform Incentives And Organization, explains how the principles of cost-responsible consumer choice among competing health-insurance plans, sometimes called "managed competition," can both improve quality and reduce cost in the federal government's Medicare program.

Denmark's large welfare state and its open market economy have successfully delivered relatively high standards of living. Danish regulatory reform has proceeded with many pragmatic steps that have contributed to solid economic performance, management of economic and social adjustment to changing conditions, and improved efficiency of government services. However, sheltered sectors, including service industries, still suffer from co-operation and price fixing, contributing to high consumer prices. The competition regime is weaker than in many other countries, and so are regulatory regimes in a

No. 1-12 reissued with: "Address to the Council of the Liverpool Financial Reform Association to the tax-payers of the United Kingdom . March 5, 1849" and "Petition to Parliament" (London : Standard of Freedom Office, 1849) under publisher's cover title: Financial reform tracts, part I. ; Issued as fascicles, each with a distinctive title. ; 1. Civil list--2. Pension list--3. Taxation--4-5. The army, ordnance, commissariat, navy, colonies--6. National budget for 1849 / Richard Codden--7. The army, ordnance, commissariat, navy, colonies--8. The woods, forests, and estates of the Crown--9. The dead weight of the army--10. The navy--11-12. Speech on colonial expenditure and government / Wm. Molesworth. ; Mode of access: Internet. ; Journal of: The Liverpool Financial Reform Association.