Suchergebnisse

Einstellung der deutschen Jugend zur Autorität.

Themen: Entscheidungsgründe für die Wahl des Berufs und der
Arbeitsstelle; zukünftige Berufspläne; Stellung zu Vorgesetzten und
Kollegen; Einstellung zur Schule; Stellung zu den Lehrern und
Mitschülern; Charakterisierung der Eltern und der eigenen Erziehung;
Sozialisation; Geldverwendung; Freizeit; Jugendgruppen; Freundschaften
und Heirat; Religiosität und Weltanschauung; politisches Interesse;
Kontakte und Erfahrungen mit Behörden; "Haltungsskala"
(Einstellungsskala) zur Messung der Autorität.

Demographie: Alter; Geschlecht; Alter und Anzahl der Geschwister;
Konfession; Schulbildung; Berufsausbildung; Beruf; berufliche Position;
Einkommen; Haushaltsgröße; Wohnsituation; Selbsteinschätzung der
Schichtzugehörigkeit; Geburtsort; regionale Herkunft; Flüchtlingsstatus;
Mitgliedschaft; Militärdienst.

"July 18, 1956." ; Cover title: Report on the southern New Jersey mass transportation survey. ; Mode of access: Internet.

Some sixty-five years ago, when on April 14, 1890, the Union of American Republics was established, the great hope for world peace, the great promise of bringing international relations under the rule of law, lay in the development of arbitration. The Plan of Arbitration proposed by the Conference was for its time a radical one. Arbitration was to be obligatory for all disputes except those which in the judgment of a state might peril its independence; and the example thus set by the American States was not without its effect at the Hague Conferences of 1899 and 1907. The limitation of armaments was obviously beyond the plans of practical statesmen. But even so, that was not ground for discouragement. If only the procedure of arbitration could be given greater authority and extended into ever-widening fields, it might be possible to look forward to an agreement upon the limitation of armaments when there was no longer the same need of them.

I Doctrine -- 1 The "Method" -- 2 The "Dialectical" -- 3 The "Marxist" -- 4 Survey -- II: Procedures: Dogmatism and Verification -- 5 The "Classics": Theory -- 6 The "Classics": Practice -- 7 "Verification" -- III: Assumptions -- 8 Structure and Elements of Soviet Philosophic Procedure -- 9 The Work of the "Classics" -- 10 Meta-Dogmata: Generalities -- 11 Meta-Dogmata: The "Proletarian Redemption" -- 12 Meta-Dogmata: The "Communist Destiny" -- 13 The Party as Philosophic Authority -- 14 The Exclusion of Negative Cases -- IV: Soviet Scholasticism -- Appendix of Quotations -- General Bibliography -- Classified Bibliography -- Index of Names -- Index of Subjects.

The essence of federalism is the division of sovereignty between two levels of government. In any system of government, there are sovereign and delegated authorities. In a unitary government all sovereign powers are concentrated in the central government, although decentralization for the purpose of administrative efficiency may result in the delegation of certain powers from the central and supreme government to the regional and local subordinate authorities. In a federal state, on the other hand, regional governments, as well as the central authority, are invested with sovereign powers. In no actual case, however, do both levels of government enjoy sovereignty in all domains, since complete concurrence of jurisdictions would lead to incessant conflicts of coordinate authorities. For this reason, federal constitutions indicate, in a more or less precise way, the special fields of absolute competence of the central and the regional authorities. Partial concurrence of jurisdictions may not be excluded, in which case the problem of bringing about agreements between the sovereign powers arises.Administrative efficiency in a federal state requires both centralization and decentralization of executive functions, in much the same way as in a unitary state. If subordinate functions are delegated to the regional governments, these governments become subordinate to the central authority in these fields. On the other hand, administrative efficiency may require the centralized administration of certain matters in the realm of provincial supremacy, for example, the collection of provincial taxes. In this case, the central government would act as an agent of the provincial governments, and be subordinate to them. The two types of powers–sovereign and delegated–must be clearly distinguished in order to prevent unnecessary conflicts of authority.

The doctrine of the separation of powers, which under the influence of Locke became the basis of US society, has had the effect of blocking the organs of gov & dividing their pol'al power & authority. Scandinavia, despite all the centrifugal elements which exist in its geographic & econ sphere, has managed to establish an internordic collaboration both econ'ally & pol'ally. No other project of regional development, except perhaps the European Common Market, has grown so rapidly, & this resurgence is due to historical experience of the association of the Scandinavian peoples. The example of the Scandinavian countries can help in the planning of US cities & towns. Individual interests which divide society can be counterbalanced by a strong executive & by a planner who directs & coordinates community plans. (Tr by J. A. Broussard from IPSA).

Speaking in the general debate at the Eighteenth Session of the United Nations General Assembly on September 19, 1963, Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson made the following observation:
The United Nations will inevitably remain the central world forum for international discussion and recommendation on a wide range of subjects. We already have on the other hand, regional groupings of states — in Europe, Africa and Latin America. Other groupings conceivably may be formed. The time may have to come to correlate the activities of these regional groupings more closely with those of the United Nations. It is possible to envisage a stage in the evolution of the UN when regional assemblies may be used with regional problems in search of local solutions or in the preparation for broader treatment at the United Nations. The Charter acknowledges the part to be played by regional arrangements or agencies in the conduct of international relations. In the economic and social field there is a growing tendency to delegate responsibility and authority to the UN Regional Commissions. Why not adopt a similar approach to some, though obviously not all, of the political questions which may face us in the United Nations?