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"This new and previously unpublished study, by the foremost authority on the subject, is an exhaustive one, based on thorough research in the relevant archives and direct experience of the dispute. As such it will be the standard reference work on this question for all who have an interest in the Gulf Arab states, their territorial origins and its effects on their increasing role in regional and world affairs. The struggle to delineate the boundaries of south-eastern Arabia can claim to be one of the longest running diplomatic disputes of the twentieth century, which has echoes to this day." (Publisher's description)

For the whole social development of Russia as a democratic federal state, federal relations are basic. In this regard, it is particularly important to strike a balance between centripetal and centrifugal forces. The analysis of budget indicators presented in the article revealed the growing process of centralization, which enabled to conclude the low efficiency of the modern mechanism of tax allocation and its non-compliance to the principles of fiscal federalism. The growing budget crisis of the regions and the long-felt need of the structural reforming of Russian tax system require speedy implementation of internal reserves. Among these provisions, Russian scientists including the Institute of Socio-Economic Development of Territories of the Russian Academy of Sciences see the urgent need of the structural reform of the tax system in the Russian Federation. The results of the scientific search for answers to the questions of how and what it is expedient to amend, supplement, and delete in the Russian tax system are presented. In order to create incentives for the territorial authorities to increase the income, the algorithm of the distribution of tax revenue between the federal and regional budgets is developed on the basis of the estimations of the ratio of the volume of tax revenues collected in the region and received by the federal budget. Experimental calculations on the example of 83 entities of the Russian Federation have identified the existing provisions of tax revenue growth in 36 entities that could increase revenues by 2–12 %. The authors have proposed a set of key measures for optimizing the tax incentive policies, involving the development of selective and differential principles of tax incentives, the introduction of compensatory forms of the loss of income as a result of bene fits. The main measures to enhance the collection of regional and local property taxes are systematized.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Author -- Introduction -- Who Should Read This Book? -- 1 What Is OD? -- 2 The Historical Development of Early OD -- 3 The Development of OD in Healthcare in the UK -- 4 An NHS Case Study: The Trent Regional Health Authority Organisation Development Unit -- 5 The Changing Context for OD Activity - A VUCA/RUPT World -- 6 The Unusual Nature of Healthcare Organisations -- 7 The Challenges Facing Today's OD in Healthcare -- 8 Into the Future - The Possible Next Stages in Healthcare OD -- An OD Practitioner Code of Practice -- Further Reading -- Index.

Introduction / Martin R. Rupiya. - Who wields the command and control authority for the Zimbabwean security sector : 2008-2013? / Martin R. Rupiya. - Governance and the politics of security / Charles Abiodun Alao. - A perspective on ethnic, regional and ideological dimensions of the composition of the Zimbabwean military and their implications / Sabelo J. Ndlovu-Gatsheni. - South Africa and SADC mediation in Zimbabwe : still at the crossroads? / Siphamandla Zondi. - Challenges of foreign policy and international dimensions / Ulf Engel. - The "sanctions debate" and the political role of the security sector / João Gomes Parta. - Conclusions / Martin R. Rupiya

War, Evacuation, and the Exercise of Power examines the history of the Pedagogical Institute, located in the USSR's Kirov region from 1941 to 1952. Holmes reveals a tangled and complex relationship of local, regional, and national agencies. While it recognizes the immense strength of the center, it emphasizes a contentious diffusion, although not a confusion, of authority. In so doing, it departs from traditional models of Soviet power with their neatly drawn vertical and horizontal lines of command. It also demonstrates institutional and personal behavior simultaneously consistent with and at odds with a triumphalist wartime narrative.

Guangdong, a province of over 93 million residents, is located on the southern coast of China, boarding with Hong Kong, China. As China's powerhouse for economic growth and a pioneer of reform and opening up, Guangdong has maintained an annual average GDP growth rate of 13.7 percent over the past three decades. Its historical achievements notwithstanding, Guangdong witnessed increased inequality and regional disparity. To assist the authority in developing a strategy for the new phase of reforms that promotes more inclusive and sustainable growth, Reducing Inequality for Shared Growth in Guang

Congressional authority to limit U.S. military operations in Iraq / Jennifer K. Elsea, Michael John Garcia and Thomas J. Nicola -- Iraq: government formation and benchmarks / Kenneth Katzman -- Iraq: post-Saddam governance and security / Kenneth Katzman -- Iraq: U.S. military operations / Steve Bowman -- Iraq: summary of U.S. casualties / JoAnne O'Bryant -- U.S. Embassy in Iraq / Susan B. Epstein -- Iraq: regional perspectives and U.S. policy / Christopher M. Blanchard ... [et al.] -- The Kurds in post-Saddam Iraq / Kenneth Katzman and Alfred B. Prados -- Iran's influence in Iraq / Kenneth Katzman -- Post-war Iraq: foreign contributions to training, peacekeeping, and reconstruction / Jeremy M. Sharp and Christopher M. Blanchard

Abstract
This work analyses the case of Sufi revival in post-socialist Albania, where the religious field has been fragmented by the competing actions of different actors (local, regional and foreign) and by the critical and individualised religiosity of the faithful. Sufi public life is substantially marginalised by the monopoly of the esoteric Baktashis and Sunni political strategies. Thus, many Sufi faithful prefer to live their religious experience and express their practice in inner, private and virtual spaces. This dynamics has transformed the Sufi path and the charismatic authority of the Shaykhs.

A sub adult Caretta caretta was found on the 23rd August, 2014 ca. 16 nautical miles south off S. Miguel Island, Azores (Northeast Atlantic), with a large pelagic trawl hook inside its mouth. The individual was kept in a basin of sea water and sent by boat to Terceira Island following instructions by the Azores Regional Government via the Environmental Authority in order to be examined by the author and, if possible, undergo the necessary hook removal procedures. In this note, we describe the surgical procedures and how the turtle was evaluated both pre- and post-surgery.

here are a host of challenges that face local government in the 21st century: delivering services; lack of finance; managing staff; engaging citizens; forming new partnerships; and, rapidly evolving technologies and socio-economic demographics. So where will we be in 2020? Will we continue to see an erosion of council authority, capacity and service delivery? Will markets prove capable of filling the gaps? Or, will we see a reassertion of the importance of local government, with new models for regional integration, public finance and services that emphasise a public role? Here are some of my speculations.

В статье рассматриваются экологические особенности политических процессов в условиях экологического кризиса и изменения климата на глобальном и региональном уровнях. Автором анализируется роль власти в обеспечении экологической безопасности. Предлагается сменить приоритеты экологической политики с созерцания на реакцию и предупреждение экологических проблем. ; Ecologic features of political processes in condition of ecologic crisis and changing climate on global and regional level are considered in the article. The author analyzes the role of authority in providing ecological security. It is suggested to change the priorities of ecological policy from thinking into reaction and prevention of ecologic problems.

The downfall of the East-German Civil Rights Movement seems less controversial when looked at in the context of civic engagement. Politically motivated civic engagement can be restrained to non-recurring, short-term or sporadic action & still have significant consequences. A prerequisite of the mass mobilization, however, had been the long-term engagement of individual opposition members, without which no regional mass mobilization against the authority of the SED would have been possible. Peter Ulrich Weiss explores this correlation with regard to the region of Potsdam. Adapted from the source document.

Статья посвящена актуальным вопросам реформирования системы МСУ в России. В частности, автор рассматривает проблему взаимодействия и распределения компетенций между региональным и муниципальным уровнями власти и приходит к выводу, что после периода жесткой борьбы «регионалов» и «муниципалов» за полномочия при посредничестве федерального центра все же удалось найти компромиссный вариант.The article is devoted to the problem of the local government system reforming in Russia. The author comes to the conclusion that after a period of struggle for authority the «regionals» and the «municipals» through the mediation of the federal center came nevertheless to a compromise variant.

В статье рассматривается место депутата законодательного (представительного) органа государственной власти субъекта Российской Федерации в системе народного представительства. Определяется круг лиц, участвующих в избрании депутата, чьим представителем в региональном парламенте является депутат, объект народного представительства. ; The article considers the role of a deputy of a Russian Federation region's legislative (representative) authority in the representation of the people system. It points out the circle of people taking part in the election of a deputy, who is their representative in a regional parliament. And the article also points out an object of representation of the people.