Suchergebnisse

This issue of Policy and Politics includes a set of articles that examines contemporary trends in territorial governance in Europe. During the 1990s there was an explosion of interest across the social sciences in the transformation of government in many Western European countries that involved the construction of territorial arrangements designed to meet contemporary needs in terms of greater efficiency, effectiveness and democratic legitimacy. This was expressed in extensive accounts of the possible sources of these developments and their significance in terms of the triadic relationship between the European Union (EU), state and subnational governments and, especially, in the emerging 'intermediate' or 'meso' level of regional governance between the centre and the basic municipal or communal level (Sharpe, 1993).There was a general sense that although administrative decentralisation had been applied in some of the larger European states over many years, during the 1980s and 1990s the focus was shifting towards the devolution of political powers to the subnational level, a trend confirmed in the devolution settlements in parts of the UK during the late 1990s. As Patrick Le Gales (1998: 486) observed, although there is no risk to the central state, its 'stranglehold has been released and Europe is witnessing increasingly unstable intergovernmental relations, with the cooperation/competition model giving way to the creation of networks and to the strengthening of intermediate-level innovations'. The focus of the articles is on re-examining whether the rationales that sparked such interest in regionalism in Europe still apply; how the drivers underpinning the decision to strengthen/weaken regional autonomy have changed in different states and what have been the outcomes. In this introduction we examine the influences shaping the relationship between territory and governance, consider their uneven impacts and summaries how these accounts are reflected in the subsequent contributions. Adapted from the source document.

AbstractWhen the community‐revitalization debate is shifted from the local to the regional level, advocates confront the fact that — despite recent reforms — regions have little standing in our federal system. Economically competitive regions offering a range of satisfying experiences for their residents will require a less coercive federalism and a re‐casting of our politics to favor balanced public discussion and encourage commitment to neighborhood and region.

"Regional Governance wird zu Beginn des Beitrags in Bezug zu benachbarten Theorien der Regionalforschung gestellt, Spezifika dieser Debatte um regionale Steuerung werden aufgezeigt und abschließend kritisch analysiert. Festgehalten wird, dass Regional Governance kein ausgefeiltes Theoriekonzept ist, jedoch als Sammelbecken unterschiedlicher Theorieströme unterschiedlicher Disziplinen angesehen werden kann. In Anlehnung an die verstärkte Ausdifferenzierung der Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft im Postfordismus bilden Netzwerktheorien eine breite Grundlage für Regional Governance, ergänzt durch Milieutheorien, Theorien von Lernenden Regionen, Redundanztheorien, Theorien des evolutionären Lernens usw. Ebenso wird die Debatte um Regional Governance von der politikwissenschaftlichen und soziologischen Theoriebildung angereichert. Regional Governance ist derzeit weit davon entfernt, sich hin zu einer 'großen Theorie' zu entwickeln. Regional Governance bedient sich tendenziell an Theorien der mittleren und kleineren Reichweite aufgrund des stark variierenden themenbezogenen Fokusses und der stark fluktuierenden Akteurs- und Institutionenlandschaft unterschiedlichster Verankerung in der Raumentwicklung. Regional Governance ist auch kein ausgefeiltes Methodenkonzept, jedoch Sammelbecken kommunikativer und partizipativer Planungsmethoden. Typisch für postfordistische Regulationsprozesse sind neue Formen der Kommunikation und damit verbundene neue Instrumente, sowie intermediäre Institutionen. Genau an jener Schnittstelle, an der unterschiedlichste Theorien und Methoden zusammenfließen, liegt die Qualität von Regional Governance." (Autorenreferat)

In a recent Urban Affairs Quarterly article, Gerston and Haas (1993, 154) hypothesized that support for regional governance in the suburbs is growing in the 1990s as a result of "perceived growth of urban problems." They offered proof from a survey of likely voters in Santa Clara County. However, three unique attributes of the San Francisco Bay Area may explain the support. Recent surveys indicate that strong support for regional governance extends to the nine-county Bay Area region. Resident surveys in Orange County and a recent Sacramento County election raise questions about growing support for regional governance. A survey of city planning directors in California indicates strong regional variations.