Suchergebnisse

The subject of the research is the scientific, technical and innovation policy of the EU countries in the field of defense. The purpose of writing the article is to determine the possibilities of scientific and technical cooperation of Ukraine with the EU countries in the field of defense based on the study of ways and directions of development of the European defense industry. Methodology of work – methods of analysis and synthesis (in the systematization of innovation in the European defense industry); method of systematic generalization – to determine the features and problems of cooperation between Ukraine and the European Defense Agency. Results of work – The growing role of innovative development in the system of international military–technical cooperation is determined. It is noted that the difference between defense and civil science and technology is actually disappearing, and the speed of the civil technological process is projected to increase steadily. It is proved that the formation of a common European arms market requires new, more liberal rules of the game, which would significantly increase the level of competition in it and strengthen the position of European countries in the global weapons market. It has been shown that joint defense programs within the EU make it possible to unite and redistribute efforts to increase the EU's military capabilities and authority. It is determined that for the development of national defense industry on the basis of investment and innovation strategies it is objectively necessary to use the experience of European countries, which will allow integrated and rational use of existing potentials of basic and applied science, industrial production, training and investment resources. Field of application of results. Economic sector: international economic relations. Conclusions – research of ways and directions of development of the European defense industry will allow to define the most effective branch forms and methods for more effective scientific and technical ...

The article, based on a study of the formation and development of Ukrainian studies in the crisis of classical science, analyzes the transformation of modern European science from Descartes to the present, the contradictions of high ideals of the Enlightenment about man, people, and human-based foundations of postclassical Ukrainian studies. The study describes Ukrainian studies in the context of fundamental changes in modern European science and the separation of the humanities from the natural science discussions of unity - the separation and search for the unity of the humanities and natural sciences. The role of Ukrainian studies in the formation of the Ukrainian literary language, spelling, literature, the establishment of scientific research in the processes of cultural and historical revival, social, national-revolutionary movements are revealed. The general theoretical scientific basis of Ukrainian studies is analyzed, noting specific features in classical and non-classical science. In the context of the research, the peculiarity of Ukrainian studies as a holistic, multiple, human-dimensional science is revealed, in the structure of which parts express the nature of the whole and give it specific properties. Apart from the integral structure, the parts acquire other object features. The article emphasizes that rethinking the role of Ukrainian studies in science, education, in all spheres of life is a powerful basis for the consolidation of the Ukrainian nation. There are well-founded arguments that the renewed Ukrainian studies, having passed a difficult path of formation, rise and prohibitions, oblivion, revival becomes the foundation for new post-classical science.

Тихомирова Євгенія Борисівна - доктор політичних наук, професор, завідувач кафедри міжнародної інформації Волинського національного університету імені Лесі Українки ; У статті розглядається політологічний дискурс української американістики. Автор здійснює аналіз наукових визначень американістики, аналізує еволюцію української американістики, виявляє основні напрямки політологічних досліджень українських американістів та робить висновок, що входження України в глобалізаційний простір потребує не лише теоретичної рефлексії, але й підвищення впливу політологічного дискурсу на когнітивну сферу громадськості та його входження в свідомість української громадськості. The article considers the discourse of political science Ukrainian American Studies. The author analyzes the definitions of American Studies, analyzes the evolution of Ukrainian American studies, identifies the main directions of Ukrainian Political Studies, American Studies, and concludes that Ukraine's entry into the space of globalization requires not only theoretical reflection, but also increase the influence of political science discourse on cognition and his public entry into the consciousness of Ukrainian public

Розглядаються теоретико-методологічні засади дослідження міграції в межах політологічного підходу. Аналізуються основні принципи та методи дослідження взаємозв'язку між міграційними та політичними процесами. ; Discusses teoretikal and methodological principles of research of migration within the limits of political science approach. Analyzes the basic principles and methods of research the relationship between migration and political processes. ; Рассматриваются теоретико-методологические основы исследования миграции в пределах политологического подхода. Анализируются основные принципы и методы исследования взаимосвязи между миграционными и политическими процессами.

Introduction to Museum and Monument Studies book edited by Professor Olena Honcharova, DSc in Cultural Studies, and Associate Professor Serhii Pustovalov, DSc in History, is devoted to topical issues of museum and monument protection, museum studies history and theory, museum staff archaeology training, legislative support for the museum industry, examination of historical and cultural values; presents the views of leading Ukrainian and world scientists and experts on solving current problems in this area. The book is addressed to students, graduate students of field-oriented higher education institutions, museum and heritage conservation staff. For the first time, the textbook comprehensively provides the basics of both programme subject area components: museum studies and monument studies.

In this article, the author critically analyzes the "Proceedings of the Institute of Slavonic Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR" of 1932 edited by Academician N. Derzhavin. The author notes that the analyzed collection contains good scientific articles, as well as propaganda articles, which are unacceptable for a purely scientific publication. In particular, the author notes the thesis of the Russian scholar N. Derzhavin on the political nature of science, on the need to consider the past through the prism of class struggle. S. Narizhny pays special attention to the analysis of the works of Ukrainian researchers, first of all V. Peretz and M. Hrushevsky, and also singles out the articles published in Ukrainian in the Russian journal. At the same time, the analysis of Hrushevsky's article on the chronicle of Samovydets is the most thorough in the article. Thus, this article is of interest for the history of Ukrainian Slavic studies and the intellectual history of Ukrainian emigration in interwar Europe.

The article is devoted of the using block chain technology in the field of land management. The foreign experience of using block chain technology (USA, Japan, Brazil, Ghana, Honduras, Georgia and Sweden) and the prospects of its implementation in Ukraine are analyzed. Examples of using block chain technology in Ukraine during electronic auctioning, land registration and land management are presented. The main advantages and disadvantages of this technology are identified; the main principles of block chain operation are formulated. The main risks of using a distributed registry (block chain) in public land management are outlined. Sequence of transmission and transformation information based on block chain's technology in the system of land resources management is submitted.

The article considers the relationship between politics and morality, reveals the interaction of political technologies and socio-moral norms. The main types of political technologies are analyzed and selected according to the degree of legality and interaction with the norms of public morality: "white", "gray" and "black" technologies of influence. The use of political technologies during election campaigns is substantiated. The concept of "political technology" is revealed. The main limits of the combination of political technologies and social and moral norms are outlined. The paper presents the main types of technologies according to the degree of their legality. The concepts of "political advertising", "black PR", "information technology", "civil society" are revealed. The article investigates that civil society is an expression of the prevailing social and moral norms and their mouthpiece. Socio-moral norms reflect the degree of development of a society, affirm its values and principles. The use of "black" PR by politicians and political technologists and forbidden, illegal methods of struggle reflects not only the low moral qualities of a particular person, but also to some extent the degree of public morality, the assertion of democratic values of society. In developed democracies, the use of prohibited political technologies is much lower, as their values are based on high moral standards based on constitutional norms and legal principles. The level of political culture increases the vigilance of the electorate regarding the use of "dirty, forbidden methods" in politics. The higher the level of legal awareness and political culture, the more pragmatic voters become who, with the help of a stable civil society, oppose attempts at political manipulation. The level of education of citizens has constant consequences for the system, namely the requirements for political struggle in the form of honesty and transparency, the use of "white" technologies and the gradual extinction of dirty political technologies. At present, in today's world of globalization and cybernetics, political technologies are constantly changing and improving, which in the future will raise questions about the relationship between morality and politics. ; У статті розглянуто співвідношення політики та моралі, розкрита взаємодія політичних технологій та суспільно-моральних норм. Розкрито поняття «політична технологія». Проаналізовані та виділені основні види політичних технологій за ступенем легальності та взаємодії із нормами суспільної моралі: «білі», «сірі» та «чорні» технології впливу. Обґрунтовано використання політичних технологій під час виборчих кампаній. Окреслено основні межі поєднання політичних технологій та суспільно-моральних норм. У роботі наведені основні різновиди технологій за ступенем їх легальності. Розкриті поняття «політичної реклами», «чорного піару», «інформаційних технологій», «громадянського суспільства». У статті наголошено, що громадянське суспільство є виразником пануючих суспільно-моральних норм та їх рупором. Суспільно-моральні норми відображають ступіть розвитку певного суспільства, затверджують його цінності та принципи. Використання політиками та політтехнологами «чорного» PR та заборонених, протиправних методів ведення боротьби відображає не тільки низькі моральні якості конкретної людини, але й певним чином ступінь суспільної моралі, затвердження демократичних цінностей суспільства. У розвинутих демократичних суспільствах показники використання заборонених політичних технологій значно менші, адже їхні цінності базуються на високих моральних стандартах, в основі яких лежать Конституційні норми та правові принципи. Рівень політичної культури підвищує пильність електорату щодо застосування у політиці «брудних, заборонених прийомів». Чим більший рівень правової свідомості та політичної культури, тим більш прагматичними стають виборці, які за допомогою сталого громадянського суспільства протидіють спробам політичної маніпуляції. Рівень освіченості громадян несе за собою незмінні наслідки системі, а саме вимоги до політичної боротьбиу вигляді чесності та прозорості, використання «білих» технологій та поступове відмирання брудних політичних технологій. У сучасному світі епохи глобалізації та кібернетизації політичні технології постійно змінюються та вдосконалюються, що у подальшому буде викликати питання щодо співвідношення моралі та політики.

Розкрито основні напрями та результати діяльності одного із фундаторів науки з технології матеріалів – Костянтина Олексійовича Зворикіна. Встановлено, що наукові інтереси ученого були доволі різноманітними – дослідження з технології деревини та борошномельного виробництва, кораблебудування, опору металів. Випускник Санкт-Петербурзького технологічного інституту пов'язав своє наукове життя з Харківським практичним технологічним інститутом, де став першим професором механічної технології та Київським політехнічним інститутом, де став першим деканом механічного відділення та згодом і директором. ; Industry in the southeast of Ukraine after the abolition of serfdom began to develop rapidly. There were very few specialists in the country who were able to prepare future engineers-mechanics and who had thorough knowledge of materials. Among such scientists is Professor Konstantin Zworykin. The article deals with the engineering and design activities by K. Zworykin in 1885 – 1888. His formation as a leading scientist in the field of mechanical technology at Kharkiv Practical Institute of Technology (KhPTI) is determined. Data about publications by K. Zworykin are given. In particular, he wrote the fundamental monograph «The Work and the Efforts are needed to Separate Mechanical shavings», it was published in 1893. Investigations by the scientist became innovative for those time, received a lot of positive reviews. Next year another work by K. Zworykin – «The Course of flour-grinding production» was published. This tutorial has become classic in this field. It was shown that in 1894 he was appointed as a professor of mechanical technology of KhPTI. At the invitation of the first director of the Kiev Polytechnic Institute (KPI) Professor V. Kirpichev in 1898 K. Zworykin became the first dean of the mechanical department of the newly established institution. From June 1904 to August 1905 he was the director of the KPI. The reasons for such a short stay in this capacity are disclosed. During 1905–1917 he was engaged in scientific and educational activities in Kharkiv. The subjects of his scientific works are shown. From 1918 to 1926, he worked at the KPI. Since 1922 he headed the research department of mechanical technology. The information about his advisory work for the military is given. The scientist died in 1928 and was buried in Lukyanovsk cemetery. So Professor K. Zworykin is one of the leading researchers in the field of mechanical engineering at Kharkiv Practical Institute of Technology and Kyiv Polytechnic Institute.

Article is devoted to the philosophical analysis of actual situation of humanities and the problem of their social role. The political role of humanities lies primarily in promoting the creation of public space. It gives a possibility do develop the human skills which are needed to be an active public agent. The purpose of the article deals with the concretization of public role of humanities which can be presented as different politics. Results. In the article the following politics are presented: politics of ideal (refers to a certain ideal of liberal education which is based on the liberal arts); politics of meaning and sense (it concerns the recognition of meanings, including those that constitute the social and political worlds); politics of sensuality (it connected with performativity as manner to create and comprehend the social and political worlds; also it can be explained as distribution of sensuality in context of J. Ranciere's conception of aesthetics as politics); politics of reconfiguration of discourse (it deals with elaboration of rules of communication on social problems); politics of imagination (the influence on structure of social world with using of imagination and fantasy); politics of responsivity (the comprehension of alien subjectivity), politics of memory (the formation of culture of memory). Originality. The different "politics" of humanities are presented as specific because they are connected with specific of human sciences' cognition. We deals not with objectivity that is directed to the explanation of world as closed system, but we have open system of interpersonal interaction. This interpersonal interaction can structure and configure social and political spheres. Conclusion. The politics of humanities are not separate each other. They are crosscutting, creating horizon ability to influence the public sphere.

In contemporary Ukraine conflict studies are primarily deal with historical, political, and cultural sciences. The proposed research outlines the features of a global conflict, to which all countries will be involved in the future. It is a conflict of humanism, which for centuries was the basis of world culture, philosophy, and ethics on the one hand, and technology on the other. The main problem is the probable loss of human identity through cybernation. The article analyzes the fundamental works of philosophers and futurologists, and also outlines ways to resolve the conflict with help of new ethics that should be evaluated by humanity. The special role of Ukrainian and cultural studies in higher-level academic education is emphasized. Within the framework of these scientific disciplines, a new ethics should be developed. Philosophical, psychological and futurological theories of the 20th and 21st centuries analyze the present, and foresee the future. Researchers seek to figure out a new global challenge for humanity that provokes to rethink its course of action. Contemporary world is filled with robots and technologies. The position of human in this world has changed and it requires new features of humanism. Spiritual searches of past eras opposed man and nature. But today man is opposed to technology. It means that the future of man is becoming unclear. New spiritual, economic, political and environmental confrontations waiting for man on his way. This subject is many-sided and interdisciplinary, it demands knowledge in humanities, philosophy, futurology, bioethics and technical disciplines.

The role of higher education institutions in the world is growing in ensuring socio-economic development that is the result of the transition to the paradigm of knowledge economy in the most developed countries. Started in 2014, the reform of higher education system in Ukraine must, among other things, include ensuring the implementation of national intellectual capital through technologies transfer. The relevance of the article is predetermined by the need for a comprehensive approach to the preparation of plans for reforms in the period of global competition for knowledge as the main resource for development. The purpose of writing the article is substantiation of the recommendations on the most urgent aspects of the development of technology transfer in Ukraine on the basis of generalization of foreign experience and the analysis of domestic realities. To achieve the objective we identified the following tasks: to generalize theoretical principles of TT; to identify the world leaders of the TT and their peculiarities; to explore the characteristics of the development of TT in developing countries; to study the current status of TT in Ukraine. The article substantiates that the establishment of the developed innovative economy in which the activity of the TT is an important factor, as a rule, takes a long time. Results of the study showed that the lack of efficient activity of TT is often due to the fact that this activity is viewed separately from the more complex issue of knowledge management in all forms, in particular as a mandatory stage of R & D. The lack of implementation of the competence–based model in domestic Universities, research centers, businesses and state and local governments leads to the fact that the activities of TT do not have any mentioning of entrepreneurial, marketing competences. Their lack, in turn, causes low efficiency of TT activities. In the developed countries, the growth of the commercial activity of the Universities and research centers came as a result of evolutionary demands of society regarding the efficiency of investments in science and education. In the developing countries, such as Ukraine, the desire of commercial aspect in the development of the commercial aspect of TT is considered in terms of the impossibility of providing sufficient and stable funding, lack of financial mechanisms of accumulation of the results of successful TT. Under such circumstances, the really concerned are exclusively the employees of Universities and research centers themselves, the interests of whom are detached from other stakeholders' intentions, the unity of whom is substantiated in the triple helix concept. The effectiveness of efforts with regard to TT is limited by the lack of opportunities of accumulation of financial results from the commercialization of OÌV in domestic Universities. Received financial results often are allocated on current activities because of insufficient, falling financing from traditional sources. The means of the state budget must remain the main traditional source, but in this case engaging other sources must be supported. The negative dynamics of spending state funds on research and educational activities is predetermined by various factors, among which is insufficient disclosure of the recipients from the state funds of the reports about the results and the analysis of the efficiency of their spending. Lack of publicity, lack of transparency may testify to the privatization of the results of the activities by individual subjects or to a significant corruption component in their activities. At the same time, lack of publicity can indicate a low level of public accountability of the results and inability to take responsibility for certain risks. The lack of information about created effects, including multiplying, from the implementation of OÌV and technologies provides prerequisites for the relative "victories" in the competition for budget funds in other areas. Introduction of the competence–based model, in particular entrepreneurial and marketing competencies, into the activities of TT of national institutions should improve their efficiency in the medium term to the level of the developed countries. Taking into account the obtained findings during the development of the reform of the system of education and science will increase their level of international competitiveness and the level of efficiency of investments in this field, which will have comprehensive positive impact on national prosperity. Scientific novelty of the work is proven by: substantiating of the implementation of long–term strategies to increase competitiveness of universities and research centers as key institutions in the generation and transfer of knowledge; detecting the insufficiency of entrepreneurial, marketing and other competences in the development policy of the University offices of technology transfer; substantiation of the necessity of implementation of societal requirements concerning accountability of universities and research centers for disclosure of the efficiency of spending tax payers' money and their contribution to socio-economic development of the regions and the country. There remains a wide range of issues, the study of which my reflected in further work. In particular, we believe relevant: 1) justification of a scorecard measuring all aspects of TT; 2) study of the formation of professional networks in the field of TT; 3) substantiation of the system of motivation and efficiency of cooperation of all involved players; 4) methodological work with the patent policies of the universities and their convergence with scientific and research institutions; 5) building a culture of public accountability of institutions of scientific and educational spheres as recipients of the taxpayers' funds.