Suchergebnisse

The article examines the economic security of the state. Analyzed both modern and ancient views on the matter. Various ap to the structure and nature of economic security. Proposed model of economic security for Ukraine. The necessity in the development of a unified concept of the economic security of Ukraine and the European Union.

The article considers the problem of the place and role of economic security in the system of state security. The constituent elements of economic security are determined, specific features of economic security are given. The place and role of legislation in ensuring the economic security of the state is revealed. Signs of investment and financial security as a component of economic security of the state are given. The article defines the category of administration of economic security of the state as a kind of activity of executive bodies. The paradigm of economic security is established from the standpoint of the theory of potential conflicts in the system of state security. The urgency of the research topic is due to the fact that with the rapid development of society every day there are new threats to the security of law enforcement in terms of corruption and illegal actions, and law enforcement officers are imperfect in regulating their actions in law and management. The scientific novelty of the article is that the activity of law enforcement agencies is considered in the prism of counteracting internal threats to the structure of internal affairs bodies of Ukraine, with simultaneous legal analysis of such and practical areas of improving economic security of internal affairs bodies of Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to identify the existing problems in the legal field regarding the economic security of the internal affairs bodies of Ukraine. The task of the article is to establish ways to overcome the existing legal and administrative problems and to outline ways to improve the activities of law enforcement agencies to overcome corruption and violations of the law among law enforcement officers of Ukraine. In determining the economic security of the national economy should distinguish between the concepts of national security, economic security and economic security of the state.

The article substantiates that the information impact carried out using the technologies of control and manipulation of public consciousness causes dysfunctional processes that impede the optimal functioning of state institutions. The main object of protection in this case is the public consciousness. It is noted that the specifics of information security allows it to cover all types of security: economic, socio-political, military and environmental, therefore its provision is a priority in the process of solving national security problems. The conditions for ensuring the main types of state security depend on ensuring information security at the present stage of development of society.

Problem setting. Security issues are importantfor contemporary international relations research, since security has been and remains one of the most important aspects in the functioning of international relations. Ensuring security is seen as an important task for both a state and the international community in the broad sense of the term, in particular for the EU. In today's context, the problem of information security of the individual, the state and the society is fundamentally relevant as it needs, primarily, a complex reflection, taking into account the realities of the present. In addition, continuous monitoring of the security situation in the information field, the ranking of threats by the degree of influence on national interests, the rational redistribution of forces and the means to neutralize threats are urgently needed. Recent research and publications analysis. Problems of European politics and defense are constantly in the center of attention of Western scientists, first of all Laura Chappell, David J. Galbreath, Jocelyn Mawdsley, Robert McCabe, Hugo Meijer, Deborah Sanders, Ian Speller, Marco Wyss, and others. In the Ukrainian literature, some solutions to this problem are found in Ya. Tymkiv's manual, in the encyclopedic dictionary-directory «Modern Political Vocabulary», in the Glossary of the Encyclopedic Dictionary of Information Security, articles by Yu. Bytyak and I. Yakovyuk, M. Dmytrenko, E. Nikipelova, O. Poshedin, O. Sosnin and O. Dzioban, M. Trebin which the author of the paper researches and identifies previously unsolved parts of the general problem the article is devoted to. Paper object: to analyze the term «security», to identify the place of security in the European security and defense policy, to characterize the peculiarities of the problem of the Euro-Atlantic security space formation. Paper main body. In the article, based on the conceptualization of the security problem in the aspect of international political issues, the definitions of the security by domestic and foreign ...

The article explores the conceptual principles of information and cyber security of Ukraine. On the basis of theoretical analysis, author's definitions of basic categories of cyber security have been proposed, as well as the state of legislative support has been determined and analyzed and priority directions for its improvement have been developed. ; У статті досліджується концептуальні засади співвідношення інформаційної та кібернетичної безпеки України. На основі теоретичного аналізу запропоновано авторські визначення базових категорій кібернетичної безпеки, а також визначено та проаналізовано стан законодавчого забезпечення та розроблено пріоритетні напрями його вдосконалення.

The article explores the conceptual principles of information and cyber security of Ukraine. On the basis of theoretical analysis, author's definitions of basic categories of cyber security have been proposed, as well as the state of legislative support has been determined and analyzed and priority directions for its improvement have been developed. ; У статті досліджується концептуальні засади співвідношення інформаційної та кібернетичної безпеки України. На основі теоретичного аналізу запропоновано авторські визначення базових категорій кібернетичної безпеки, а також визначено та проаналізовано стан законодавчого забезпечення та розроблено пріоритетні напрями його вдосконалення.

Introduction. In modern conditions of political and economic crisis in the country to guarantee the safety system of economic entities requires new scientific approaches and tools. One of these tools can be a simulation. Today, not many domestic and foreign scientists working on this problem. One reason for this is the fact that the very system of economic security is a complex dynamic system, its condition affects many internal and external factors. The need to predict the level of risk and threats complicate the task. However, modern methods of simulation can solve such complex problems. Purpose. The purpose and objectives of the article is to study the possibility of using and adapting different types of models that have been successfully applied in various fields, to build an effective model of economic security. Methods. Generalization, ordering, causal method, expert method. Results. Effective functioning of a system of economic security is a vital issue for any company. The possibility of adaptation of well-known and well-functioning models from other spheres to development of the effective model of economic security of a company is examined in the paper. The advantages and disadvantages of these models are analyzed. Originality. V-model proposed building a system of economic security. As each model V-model has its advantages and disadvantages. The main advantage of the model experts call the possibility of achieving high quality results. The advantage of this model is also the possibility of precise planning under conditions of limited resources, especially financial. As the practice of the V-model, it will be particularly effective for those companies that are just starting to create its system of economic security and should do so in clearly defined terms. The more the company, the harder it will be the model, the more contingencies may arise during its implementation. Therefore, this type of model is best suited for small businesses. Conclusion. Building an effective model of economic security is a challenge. Any model is not universal and may not provide an accurate prediction of the system under the influence of external and internal factors. However, the adaptation of V-model for modeling of economic security makes it possible to build efficient system and achieve their maximum results clearly planning the necessary time and resources.

Now there is a tendency of increasing the number of automated and robotic manufacturing processes at the machine-building enterprises and the enterprises of maintenance and repair of railway equipment.In accordance with this tendency there is a need in development and analysis of safety requirements to the machine. This work analyzes the most important stages of the life cycle of the robots and the risks that occurring during this period, it is necessary for the further development of standards related to the safe operation of machinery at work.In the European Union producers, distributors and users of all industrial facilities must follow the instructions of the Machinery Directive. The Directive recognizes exactly that machines can not be a source of danger for those working in the industry. Unfortunately, there is no technology without risks, because the aim should be to achieve an acceptable risk

Introduction. State bodies and structures are taking measures to regulate the financial security of the national economy, but the financial system has a specific architecture, and the threats inherent in the activities of its participants are now unconventional, given the political and economic circumstances. In view of this, it is necessary to study the problems of organizing the process of effective management of the state of economic security of financial institutions in order to identify the reserves for raising the level of economic security of the national economy of Ukraine by strengthening the financial sector and improving the economic security of its active participants.Purpose. The purpose of the study is to identify the problems of the effective management of the state of economic security of the entities of the national economy of Ukraine, which carry out their activities in the financial market, and the performance of which is the basis of the formation of the system of financial security of the state.Methods. Method of theoretical analyses and graphical method are used.Results. The features of the CAMELSO rating system and its possible use in the process of assessing the level of security of the banking component of the economic security of the national economy of Ukraine are established. The shortcomings of the process of assessing the level of economic security of the subjects of the financial component of the national economy of Ukraine are identified. The model of creation and functioning of the Centre for training and certification of specialists in economic security management in the financial sector of the national economy is proposed.Originality. In the course of the study, two significant management problems were identified in ensuring the economic security of the financial subsystem of the economic security of the national economy of Ukraine: the lack of adequate information and analytical support for the adoption of management decisions and disadvantages in modern approaches to its receipt and the lack of qualified personnel for the professional performance of the management of economic security elements of the national economy of Ukraine.Conclusion. The features of the CAMELSO rating system and the possibility of its use in the process of assessing the level of security of the banking component of the economic security of the national economy of Ukraine are established. The shortcomings of the process of assessing the level of economic security of the entities of the financial component of the national economy of Ukraine are identified. In particular, the deficiencies of such methods of diagnostics as accounting method, expert method, rating method, use of scoring models, method of risk estimation and normative approach were revealed. The lack of an integrated approach to assessing the level of economic security of the national economy subjects was established, which would be based on the diagnosis of the state of all functional components of their economic security. The model of creation and functioning of the Centre for training and certification of specialists in management of economic security in the financial sector of the national economy is proposed.

Наведено рівні податкової безпеки: національна податкова безпеку, регіональна податкова безпеку, податкова безпеку платників податків.Виділено стратегії податкової безпеки, а саме: стратегія максимальної податкової безпеки; стратегія ухилення від оподаткування; стратегія «пом'якшення» податкових наслідків; стратегія податкової оптимізації.Виділено взаємозв'язок податкової безпеки та податкової культури. Систематизовано загрози для податкової безпеки пов'язані з діяльністю держави та з діяльністю платників податків.Виділено основні види податкових ризиків. Наведено основні складові податкової політики підприємства: дотримання податкової дисципліни, моніторинг та зниження податкових ризиків, співвідношення сплачуваних податків та доходів, складання податкового календаря, оцінка можливостей застосування податкових пільг, пошук можливостей відстрочення податкових платежів законним шляхом на максимально тривалий термін. Запропоновано основні напрями збільшення видобутку нафти та газу для ПАТ «Укрнафта».Досліджено складові податкової безпеки організації: податкове планування, податкова оптимізація, податкове навантаження, податкові ризики. Проаналізовано методи податкової оптимізації для підприємств.Податкове навантаження – це процентне відношення суми сплачуваних організацією податків до суми виручки за даними звітності організації. Показник податкового навантаження нижче середнього показника по галузі є однією з причин проведення виїзної податкової перевіркиПодаткове планування й оптимізація оподаткування є взаємодоповнюючими складовими частинами ефективного фінансового менеджменту в компанії. Для кращої керованості фінансовими потоками і економії коштів і відбувається розробка і впровадження ефективного податкового планування, що і приведе до оптимізації.Податкова оптимізація полягає в розробці та впровадженні різних законних схем зниження податкових відрахувань. Методи оптимізації оподаткування – є надзвичайно важливим інструментарієм. Як при використанні принципів, так і при впровадженні в звичну систему податкових відрахувань конкретного методу мінімізації податкового навантаження необхідно звертати увагу на раціональність застосування відповідного інструменту. ; The levels of tax security are given: national tax security, regional tax security, tax security of taxpayers.Tax security strategies are highlighted, namely: maximum tax security strategy; tax evasion strategy; a tax mitigation strategy; tax optimization strategy.The relationship between tax security and the tax culture is highlighted. Tax security threats are systematically linked to government and taxpayer activity.The main types of tax risks are highlighted. The main components of the enterprise tax policy are given: compliance with tax discipline, monitoring and reduction of tax risks, correlation of taxes paid and income, drawing up of a tax calendar, assessment of possibilities of applying tax benefits, seeking opportunities to defer tax payments for the longest time. The main directions of increase of oil and gas production for PJSC "Ukrnafta" are offered.The components of tax security of the organization are investigated: tax planning, tax optimization, tax burden, tax risks. Methods of tax optimization for enterprises are analyzed.One of the main tools for implementing the economic security system will be a tax strategy to determine the best option for the enterprise to fulfill its obligations as a taxpayer.Tax burden is the percentage of the amount of taxes paid by an organization to the amount of revenue according to the organization's reports. The tax burden below the industry average is one of the reasons for the on-site tax audit.Tax planning and tax optimization are complementary components of effective financial management within a company. For better cash flow management and cost savings, effective tax planning is being developed and implemented, which will lead to optimization.Tax optimization is the development and implementation of various legitimate tax deduction schemes. Tax optimization methods are an extremely important tool. It is necessary to pay attention to the rationality of using the appropriate instrument both when applying the principles and when introducing into the usual system of tax deductions a specific method of minimizing the tax burden.

Introduction. Under the influence of globalization and regionalization; the world economic development is becoming more dynamic but contradictory at the same time; creating new challenges and threats for both individual countries and entire regions. This exacerbates the urgency of forming flexible systems of security cooperation and finding solutions to regional and global security problems.Purpose. The purpose of the paper is to systematize research on regional and global security governance and a review of the balance of geopolitical forces in Europe.Methods. The research was carried out using the following methods: analysis and synthesis – to characterize the modern mainstream of theoretical intelligence in the field of regional security; comparative analysis – to compare the structures of regional security management in different parts of the world; deductions and inductions – to form a conceptual model of global governance; tabular and visual methods – for visual presentation of the material.Results. The paper considers theoretical approaches to the interpretation of regional security. It is noted that regional security governance is a set of institutions and activities at three levels: global; regional and national. A nomenclature of different types of regional security governance structures is presented; which includes a regional balance of power and ad hoc (informal) alliances; regional coherence; regional cooperative security; regional collective defense; regional collective security; pluralistic security community. It has been recognized that regional security management is provided not only by highly specialized or formal structures; but also by multi-purpose regional organizations; which initially pursued a combination of economic and political goals with growing security targets. Conceptual options for regional security governance at the global and regional levels are systematized. Based on the analysis of the mechanisms of global management; own vision of the relationship between the subjects of global governance processes is presented.Discussion. The crisis of recent decades has shown that no single group of global governance actors can act effectively to minimize global risks; which are both a challenge for business leaders and politicians in any country. That is why it is undeniable that global issues require global governance (especially in the field of security); the main goal of which should be to ensure global stability and sustainable development.

Introduction. In a globalized world economy the most important function of the state is to ensure its economic security. To address this complex problem are the appropriate state institutions, legal framework, trained personnel, technology, administrative, intellectual, informational, financial and other material resources. In turn, non-state security actors also have significant resources to ensure economic security business. These resources primarily include well-trained professionals, experience in business security specific conditions of the domestic economy, as well as organizational structure, finance business entities and knowledge of employees, and available technologies, means, methods and techniques of counteracting factors threats external and internal environment. It is also necessary to unite together all the company's resources and resources of external organizations in order to obtain a synergistic effect in the system of economic security. Purpose. Research conditions to create a synergistic effect in the system of economic security. Methods. Theoretical generalization, logical analysis, induction are used to determine the main methods for evaluation of industrial enterprises managers; to determine scientific approach that must be used for research and study of the evaluation process of managers of industrial enterprises. Results. Nowadays provision of economic security of enterprise is possible only if the operation activity of its economic security system is effective. This requires constant and close cooperation of all its internal and external entities that can provide a synergetic effect in countering external and internal threats to economic security. Originality. All elements of economic security based on a single concept, policies should be integrated into the overall strategy of economic security that can give a synergistic protective effect. The model of forming synergistic effect in the system of economic security offered in the article. Considering the need to achieve a synergistic effect of a system of economic security must take into account not only the intellectual and professional capabilities of its staff. It is important to use this complex process and available material resources that include: finance, law, and other hardware. Only the union of "human capital" of the enterprise and its resources can provide a synergistic protective effect, will withstand adverse factors external and internal environment. Conclusion. In an unstable economy and high level of uncertainty processes that occur in it, to ensure economic security is possible only on condition of close interaction and partnership of government and business. This will fully and optimally a single algorithm to use all their resources to counter internal and external threats to the economy, ie a synergistic protective effect at securing domestic business.

Introduction. Basically, the issues of economic security are considered at the macroeconomic level. Attention focuses on the segment, sectoral approach in the study of the problem, which in turn makes it impossible for economies of European countries to fully prepare for the existing threats. In this connection, there is a need for further study of the issue especially in the context of macroeconomics as a segment of mega European economic system. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to analyze different points of view regarding the concepts of economic security of the state. Methods. Causal method, methods of analysis and synthesis of historical and logical methods. Results. The economic security providing is the main topic of the article. Comprehensive analysis of modern and former views on the given question was conducted in its historical transformation. Various approaches of determining economic security were considered. The best model of ensuring the economic security was offered for Ukraine. The need of close cooperation of Ukraine with the European Union was proved. Originality. It was determined that the choice of models providing economic security should be determined according to the stages of development. Detailed classification of the stages of development of countries in violation of the objective economic laws and mechanisms of influence on the management of economic and financial systems criminogenic factors is offered. Conclusion. The issues of economic security are considered at the macroeconomic level. Attention focuses on the segment, sectoral approach in the study of the problem, which in turn makes it impossible for economies of European countries to fully prepare for the existing threats. In this connection, there is a need for further study of the issue especially in the context of macroeconomics as a segment of mega European economic system. The question was researched considering stable social and political situation in the country as well as in the whole world. The research to provide economic security as the basis for national security was not carried out under conditions of social and political crisis, war.

The features of construction and operation of regional security complex that has emerged in Europe are investigated. The basis of this complex is the European Union, whose nature is claimed security at work.Particular attention is paid to the peculiarities of the inner self-security space, as well as environmental factors influence the dynamics of the securitization processes. Phased development of the region is fed through the prism of constructivist view of security processes, allowing one to focus on various aspects of security that are specific to the global world of today and were characterized before. It is the economic, informational, social, and security in its classic military-political sense. The focus of research is the regional security complex as an analytical unit that represents a group of actors of international relations whose securitization and desecuritization processes are so linked that they can not be properly analyzed and studied separately. Analytical approach to the relations of the European regional security complex with third countries and with other security complex allows you to identify the links between security strategy and the practical politics. ; Досліджуються особливості побудови і функціонування комплексу регіональної безпеки, що склався в Європі. Основою цього комплексу є Європейський Союз, чия безпекова природа стверджується у роботі. Особлива увага звертається на особливості внутрішньої самоорганізації даного простору безпеки, а також на фактори впливу середовища на динаміку процесів сек'юритизації. Поетапний розвиток регіону подається через призму конструктивістського огляду безпекових процесів, що дозволяє зробити акцент на різних аспектах безпеки, які є характерними для глобального світу сучасності і були характерними до того. Йдеться про економічну, інформаційну, соціальну, а також безпеку в її класичному військово-політичному розумінні. В центрі дослідження знаходиться регіональний комплекс безпеки як аналітична одиниця, що являє собою групу акторів міжнародних відносин, чиї процеси сек'юритизації і десек'юритизації настільки пов'язані між собою, що не можуть бути на належному рівні проаналізовані та вивчені окремо один від одного. Аналітичний підхід до розгляду взаємовідносин європейського регіонального комплексу безпеки з третіми державами і з іншими комплексами безпеки дозволяє виявити зв'язки між безпековою стратегією і питаннями практичної політики. ; Досліджуються особливості побудови і функціонування комплексу регіональної безпеки, що склався в Європі. Основою цього комплексу є Європейський Союз, чия безпекова природа стверджується у роботі. Особлива увага звертається на особливості внутрішньої самоорганізації даного простору безпеки, а також на фактори впливу середовища на динаміку процесів сек'юритизації. Поетапний розвиток регіону подається через призму конструктивістського огляду безпекових процесів, що дозволяє зробити акцент на різних аспектах безпеки, які є характерними для глобального світу сучасності і були характерними до того. Йдеться про економічну, інформаційну, соціальну, а також безпеку в її класичному військово-політичному розумінні. В центрі дослідження знаходиться регіональний комплекс безпеки як аналітична одиниця, що являє собою групу акторів міжнародних відносин, чиї процеси сек'юритизації і десек'юритизації настільки пов'язані між собою, що не можуть бути на належному рівні проаналізовані та вивчені окремо один від одного. Аналітичний підхід до розгляду взаємовідносин європейського регіонального комплексу безпеки з третіми державами і з іншими комплексами безпеки дозволяє виявити зв'язки між безпековою стратегією і питаннями практичної політики.

The article examines the peculiarities of law and legal security in modern Ukrainian realities. It is determined that law is a mechanism which, through the application of legal norms of which it is a part, should ensure the effective functioning of democracy and democracy in the state and the functioning and further development of the social system. It is established that the Ukrainian legal system is undergoing a reconstruction phase, in which administrative and legal mechanisms are being transformed into mechanisms of self-regulation and self-organisation. The author establishes that essential factors of law stability are correct definition and certainty of each element, completeness and absence of contradictions. It is established that the basis of the concept of legal security is the conditions, sources, methods and mechanisms of negative impact (falsification of legal provisions, conflicts of provisions, legal gaps, inadequate implementation procedures, neglect of the effect of provisions, substitution of concepts, corruption, etc. The author determines that legal security is a component of national security. Its content consists of the implementation of national interests in all areas of national security, protection of national interests in the security sector, as well as legal regulation of legal relations and legal protection of the creation of state and non-state institutions with the necessary and sufficient conditions for the effective functioning of law and legal order as a crucial regulator of social relations. It is noted that legal security is one of the constant needs caused by the natural conditions of life of a person, society and mankind. It should also be considered a universal human value designed to ensure a person's existence as a public good. The author identifies the factors that significantly impact the institutionalisation process of an individual's legal security.