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Abstract
This article surveys several problems related to the links between slavery and racism, and the frequency of both racism without slavery and slavery without racism. Slavery clearly existed prior to the emergence of racism, scientific or otherwis, and unlike in recent centuries, the enslaved were not always peoples of different color. The linking of race and slavery, with race as the defining characteristic of the enslaved, came mainly after the settlement of the Americas with the transatlantic slave trade from Africa. Indeed, the debate continues on whether racism led to slavery (as argued for colonial America) or whether slavery gave rise to a coherent racism to justify enslavement of others. Racism may be used to justify the harsh treatment of others, or it may simply reflect mainly a belief that some differences among groups exist and race provides the interpretation of why such differences exist. Presumably then, awareness of perceived or argued for racial differences could exist without the imposition of differential treatments, despite the role racial beliefs might play in social organization.

Renowned Unitarian preacher, thinker, and theologian William E. Channing takes an in-depth look at the issue of slavery in this compelling volume. Written at a time when the United States was still profiting mightily from the fruits of slave labor, Channing presents a multi-faceted moral argument against the practice, as well as a practical model for moving away from a reliance on enslaved workers

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- Foreword -- Introduction -- Chapter 1: The Legacy of Slavery -- 1. Regret and Redemption for Slavery's Past -- 2. France Recognizes Past Slavery Crimes Amidst Modern-Day Controversy -- 3. Church of England's Apology for Slavery Is a "Good Start" -- 4. Caribbean Countries Shed Light on the Legacy of Slavery -- 5. Africans Should Receive Reparations for Slave Trade Crimes -- 6. United States Payout for Slave Reparations Not Warranted -- 7. Japan's Reparation Fund for Former Sex Slaves Is Met with Resentment -- Periodical Bibliography -- Chapter 2: Slavery in Modern Times -- 1. Human Trafficking and Exploitation Today: An Overview -- 2. Burmese Migrant Workers in Malaysia Are at the Mercy of International Trafficking Gangs -- 3. Nepal's Struggle with Human Trafficking to India Complicated by the Crime's Fluid Nature -- 4. United States Encounters Modern-Day Slavery in Cases of Mistreated Domestic Workers -- 5. Canadian Traffickers Exploit Foreign Workers -- 6. United Kingdom Wrestles with Trafficking and Sexual Exploitation -- Periodical Bibliography -- Chapter 3: The Global Problem of Sex Slavery -- 1. A Brief History of Sex Slavery: An Overview -- 2. Asian Women Are Lured to Australia and Forced into Sexual Servitude -- 3. Romanian Sex Slaves Are Failed by a Challenged Law Enforcement System -- 4. London Has Become Europe's "Sex Slavery Capital" -- 5. United States' Anti-Prostitution Campaign Usurps Federal Program to Fight Slave Trafficking -- Periodical Bibliography -- Chapter 4: The Harsh Reality of Child Slavery -- 1. Child Labor Exploitation: An Overview -- 2. Ghanaian Fishing Industry Relies on Child Slaves for Dangerous Work -- 3. Côte d'Ivoire's Child Slaves Are Hurt-Not Helped-by Chocolate Boycotts -- 4. Indian Children Are Exploited in the Handmade Carpet Industry

The history of slavery cannot be separated from the history of business in the United States, especially in the context of the relationship between public power and individual property rights. This essay suggests that the American devotion to "sacred" property rights stemsmore from the vulnerability of slaveholding elites than to a political heritage of protection for the "common man."

Machine generated contents note: 1. Africa and slavery; 2. On the frontiers of Islam, 1400-1600; 3. The export trade in slaves, 1600-1800; 4. The enslavement of Africans, 1600-1800; 5. The organization of slave marketing, 1600-1800; 6. Relationships of dependency, 1600-1800; 7. The nineteenth-century slave trade; 8. Slavery and 'legitimate trade' on the west African coast; 9. Slavery in the savanna during the era of the Jihads; 10. Slavery in central, southern, and eastern Africa in the nineteenth century; 11. The abolitionist impulse; 12. Slavery in the political economy of Africa

In this illuminating text, the origins of the slave trade in Africa and the effects of the practice of slavery on the political and economic history of the United States are explored. King Cotton, the slave hierarchy on southern plantations, the relationship of the slaveholders and slaves, the slave codes that regulated the absolute control of slaves, the ensuing slave rebellions, and the abolitionist movement and those who spoke out against the atrocities of slavery are among the many topics examined in this comprehensive historical resource. An informative timeline highlights key events and

Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- 1. Background and History -- Introduction -- Defining Modern Slavery -- Key Moments -- Where Does Slavery Exist, and Who Is Affected? -- Contributing Factors -- Conclusion -- References -- 2. Problems, Controversies, and Solutions -- Introduction -- Quantifying and Identifying Victims -- Competing Legal Approaches to Prostitution -- Enhancing Criminal Accountability -- Reducing Slavery in Supply Chains -- Empowering the Poor -- Rehabilitating Survivors -- The Role of U.S. Leadership -- Combating Slavery Locally -- Conclusion -- References -- 3. Perspectives -- Introduction -- The Slavery Question in the Age of Moral Relativism: An American Perspective from the Lincoln-Douglas Debates -- A Single Medicine for Two Diseases? State Capacity as the Bulwark against Terrorism and Human Trafficking -- Modern Slavery and Open Borders -- Child Labor Trafficking in the United States: A Hidden Form of Modern Slavery -- Prostitution: Upholding Women's Rights as Human Rights with the Equality Model -- The Role of the Church in Fighting Modern Slavery -- Ending Child Sex Trafficking through Prevention -- 4. Profiles -- Introduction -- A21 -- American Anti-Slavery Group -- Anti-Slavery International -- California Against Slavery -- Christian Solidarity International -- CNN Freedom Project -- Coalition to Abolish Slavery and Trafficking -- DeliverFund -- ECPAT -- End It -- The Exodus Road -- The Frederick Douglass Family Initiatives -- Free the Slaves -- Freedom United -- Girls Not Brides -- Global Centurion -- Human Trafficking Institute -- Human Trafficking Legal Center -- International Cocoa Initiative -- International Justice Mission -- International Labour Organization -- International Organization for Migration -- KnowTheChain -- Korea Future Initiative -- La Strada International.