Suchergebnisse

Purpose: To summarize, organize, and clarify the available scientific literature, theoretical approaches to the phenomenon of social identity with the sociopsychological and sociological positions. Methodology: a theoretical analysis of scientific sources. Scope of the results: Identified in the theoretical analysis of the sociopsychological interpretation of the phenomenon of social identity: its structure, and specific types of manifestations, may be useful in explaining the many problems in the life of the individual groups and teams, in general, the social environment, which traditionally are in the field of view sociology.

The constancy of research interest in the content and forms of interaction between people in the society due to the role of the communication process and communication in the life of people. Most significantly, this role becomes in moments of reconciling work and interests of individuals, communities and groups; in the process of establishing, maintaining and expanding social connections and relations. Presented in the article ideas and concepts ancient thinkers and philosophers of the Middle Ages about the nature and forms of interaction of people in society are shown as supporting the idea of revealing the content of social communication, because they have their fundamental importance in the social and philosophical discourse on the analysis of forms of social interaction between individuals, social groups and society as a whole.

The article analyzes the idea of justice in Western political philosophy. Drawing on his earlier publications, the author traces the history of the concept of justice in the "great ideologies" (liberalism, conservatism, and Marxism), and also examines in detail the main approaches to the understanding of justice in modern political theory. The author's task is not only to analyze certain attitudes to the problem of justice, but also to find the most satisfactory conception. As such, the conception of "functional capabilities" proposed by contemporary researchers Amartya Sen and Martha Nussbaum is mentioned first of all. ; Статья посвящена анализу идеи справедливости в западной политической философии эпохи модерна. Автор, отталкиваясь от своих более ранних публикаций, прослеживает историю концепции справедливости в «великих идеологиях» (либерализм, консерватизм, марксизм), а также достаточно подробно рассматривает основные подходы к пониманию справедливости в современной политической теории. Задача автора — не только анализ тех или иных позиций в отношении проблемы справедливости, но и поиск наиболее удовлетворительной ее концепции. В качестве таковой названа прежде всего концепция «функциональных возможностей» современных исследователей Амартии Сена и Марты Нуссбаум.

This article is devoted to the issue of the formation of a social state in contemporary Russia. Despite the crisis of welfare state in the West (due to globalisation), which is noticed by many researchers, it is necessary to create a social state in our country. The existence of huge social inequality indicates the absence of this institute, its disarrangement.The author refers to the genesis of building a social state in Russia. The opinions of different authors on whether the Soviet socialist state was social are given. The author shares the view that the Soviet state was not social in the true sense of the word, since a classic social state includes the institution of a bourgeois society, through which a class compromise is achieved. At the same time, there is no doubt that the socialist state, despite its original class nature, performed the most important social functions.The article describes the main stages of the formation of a social state in post-Soviet Russia. The author agrees with the opinion of those researchers who believe that this state is still not formed in Russia. The main reason for this is the existing political and economic system in the country. Drawing on a number of studies of economists and political scientists, the article shows that the current "social state" in Russia is built in such a way that it expresses the interests of the dominant class — the ruling bureaucracy. And the only way out of this situation is the strengthening of control over the government on the part of the civil society and competitive political institutions.Under the existing system of relations between the authorities and society, the prospects of a social state in Russia look rather vague until there are changes in the political and economic structure of Russian society. ; Настоящая статья посвящена проблеме формирования социального государства в современной России. Несмотря на фиксируемый многими исследователями кризис государства благосостояния на Западе (в связи с глобализацией), социальное государство в нашей стране необходимо создавать. Наличие огромного социального неравенства показывает его отсутствие, невыстроенность.Автор обращается к генезису построения социального государства в России. Приводятся мнения разных исследователей о том, было ли советское социалистическое государство социальным. Автор присоединяется к той точке зрения, что советское государство не было социальным в подлинном смысле этого слова, поскольку классическое социальное государство включает институт буржуазного общества, посредством которого достигается классовый компромисс. В то же время несомненно, что социалистическое государство, несмотря на свою изначально классовую природу, выполняло важнейшие социальные функции. В статье описаны основные этапы формирования социального государства в постсоветской России. Автор соглашается с мнением тех исследователей, которые считают, что данное государство в России по-прежнему не сформировано. Главная причина этого — существующая в стране политико-экономическая система. Опираясь на ряд исследований экономистов, политологов, автор показывает, что нынешнее «социальное государство» в России выстроено таким образом, что выражает прежде всего интересы господствующего класса — правящей бюрократии. И единственным выходом из этого положения является усиление контроля за властью со стороны общества и конкурентных политических институтов.При существующей системе отношений власти и общества перспективы социального государства в России выглядят достаточно туманными, пока не изменится сама политико-экономическая структура российского общества.

The subject of the research is religious social projection in pre-revolutionary Russia.

More than 80 years ago, an important award was established in the USSR - the Hero of Socialist Labor. This article presents a brief historical and political excursion into the appearance and existence of this award in the Soviet state.

The purpose of this article is to draw the attention of specialists in the field of social sciences to a unique collection of documents at Moscow's Institute of social psychology (1917–1924) created by V.M. Khvostov — a legislative science expert, philosopher, sociologist, who set himself the task of separating sociology and making it a specialized scientific discipline. The only work to date devoted to the Institute was an article written by its employee L.A. Byzov in 1923 (published in 2011), where he speaks about the history of the Institute, its development, achievements and failures from the point of view of a person who knows the situation from the inside. This makes it invaluable in terms of studying the history of the Institute of social psychology, in this work in particular, which provides more detailed information about the activities of V.M. Khvostov, the Institute's employees and specialists involved in its work. These people were actually performing a scientific feat, creating a new direction in the field of social sciences, working in the extremely difficult conditions of the post-revolutionary era. The content and completeness of those of the Institute's protocols which found their way into our hands, them currently being stored in the archives of the European University in St. Petersburg, are worthy of a full-fledged scientific publication that could write another page in the history of Russian sociology.

This article studies the problems of ethno-political processes in Afghanistan's sociallife. This shock of social and political life was a manifestation of tension in the ethno-national sphere, originating in the time of the formation of the Afghan state, which was created by the Pashtun tribes with all the ensuing consequences.