Titre original : "Naivasha : the Eve of a new era, or just more of the same ?" ; L'accord de paix de Naivasha marque la fin de vingt ans de guerre civile au Soudan. Mais il présage un déplacement des préoccupations du champ politique au champ identitaire et communautaire. L'ethnicité et le tribalisme sont utilisés tant par les dirigeants du Sud que par ceux du Nord pour affermir leur pouvoir sur des sociétés très composites, où les ressorts claniques jouent finalement un rôle prépondérant dans la structuration sociale.
Titre original : "Naivasha : the Eve of a new era, or just more of the same ?" ; L'accord de paix de Naivasha marque la fin de vingt ans de guerre civile au Soudan. Mais il présage un déplacement des préoccupations du champ politique au champ identitaire et communautaire. L'ethnicité et le tribalisme sont utilisés tant par les dirigeants du Sud que par ceux du Nord pour affermir leur pouvoir sur des sociétés très composites, où les ressorts claniques jouent finalement un rôle prépondérant dans la structuration sociale.
Framed as a social critique, The Virginity Trap discusses the culturally entrenched virginity cult in Middle Eastern societies. This work argues that, apart from being an unachievable and discriminatory cultural practice, the virginity taboo has negative and destructive implications for the social construction of honor, sexuality, romance, marriage, gender relationships, and gender roles. The author also suggests that this practice conditions people to a passive and frustrating social existence and encourages society toward profligacy of human resources. Forsaking the utopian myth of female virginity and delinking the hymen from sexuality and honor could both improve social ills and increase productivity in this important region.
Typical high school ELA instruction fails to break the deeply rooted cycle of inequality in the United States. Within democratic and social justice traditions, a variety of theoretical frameworks promote equitable learning opportunities for nondominant youth. This dissertation synthesizes such frameworks to paint a more vivid picture of how to create high school English Language Arts (ELA) instruction for social justice and democracy than when frameworks are presented independently. The synthesis also highlights a need for a better understanding of how to design and evaluate education for social justice and democracy. Subsequently, the dissertation draws upon the wealth of knowledge on how to create equitable and effective ELA instruction to design high school ELA instruction through the lens of democracy, social justice, and Cultural Historical Activity Theory. A partnership between the author of this dissertation, a high school ELA teacher, and two of her 10th grade ELA classes (n = 58 mostly low-income, Latina/o students) completed the study in partnership. A Social Design Experiment provided the model for the process. The study provides an example of how to design ELA instruction that fosters democracy, social justice, and expansive learning within a public school classroom accountable to standardized processes and assessments. Contradictions and synergies between theoretical understandings of democracy, social justice, Cultural Historical Learning Theory, and standards based practices are brought to light to inform both theory and practice. Findings pose questions for educators to consider. Bounds on the potential for expansive learning in practice, inform the need for Cultural Historical Activity Theory to account for power to understand diversity in development within a system. The study also compares student development across fairly standardized instruction versus a Social Design Experiment. Students earn higher academic literacy scores, engage more actively in class, and form a more supportive community during the Social Design Experiment.
Executive Summary (English Version) Funding from IRCC to Service Provider Organizations throughout Canada (except Quebec) has enabled 412,390 newcomers to access settlement services in the last year (IRCC, 2017d). Stakeholders of the settlement sector agree that the settlement outcomes of immigrants "will have significant and long-term impacts on the cohesion and strength of Canadian society" (OCASI, 2011, p.2). IRCC, as one of the largest stakeholders of the successful integration of immigrants, has expressed its commitment to working with immigrant serving agencies "to build a client-centered approach" for program design and delivery of settlement services (OCASI, 2010, p.4). At the same time, IRCC values rigorous academic research focused on immigration and settlement to better inform evidence-based policy. Upon close examination of settlement policy, we find that there is a significant gap between recent empirical findings and current settlement service models. IRCC funded settlement services conceptualize and thereby treat immigrants as discrete individual units. However, empirical studies demonstrate that a fundamental dimension of the settlement process is experienced at the relational, social, and family levels. The Integration Trajectories of Immigrant Families project unveils new findings on the family as a key unit of analysis for settlement. This evidence provides a unique opportunity to improve the current settlement service framework. This position paper directly targets decision-makers for settlement policy. Three overarching orientations for action were identified: • Need to complicate the current conceptualization of immigrants as individuals • Need to incorporate a holistic family approach in settlement policy and services • Need to draw on empirical evidence that recognizes and lends support to settlement workers' first-hand observations and experience-driven insight Through ongoing consultations with two prominent settlement agencies in the Greater Toronto Area, empirical knowledge combined with settlement practitioner observations were translated into a holistic evidence-based, client-centered framework for settlement services: A Family Approach. Incorporating a Family Approach in the settlement sector implies a re-thinking of the framework behind program design, policy, settlement funding, outcome measurement, and service delivery, which are currently using an individualistic approach. We urge IRCC to adopt five key practical recommendations for the implementation of a Family Approach in settlement services: 1. Inscribe the Family Approach as an explicit framework/method of the Needs Assessment and Referral program and the Information and Orientation program service agreements 2. Add a section on the family in the Needs Assessment and Referral iCARE reporting platform, with markers to identify family needs 3. Coordinate settlement needs at the family level by linking family members' files in iCARE to reflect the inter-connectedness of needs and collect social capital measures 4. Enhance the recognition of family needs through the expansion of paracounselling support services, inclusive family programs, and social networking programs 5. Adopt an inclusive and flexible definition of family across settlement policy RCIS Working Paper No. 2018/1 The purpose of these recommendations is to empower immigrant families of all forms to acquire social supports for settlement and to provide both settlement organizations and IRCC with a family-level representation of newcomer settlement needs for future evidence-based policy-making. Incorporating a Family Approach would result in services that better address newcomers' settlement realities by taking into account the family, in all its forms, and to develop prevention of domestic violence and intergenerational conflict. ; Dargy, T. (2017). Serving immigrant families [Working paper]: Using knowledge translation to inform a family approach in the settlement sector. Toronto: Ryerson Centre for Immigration and Settlement.
AbstractGoverning Poverty Amidst Plenty:Philanthropic Investments and the California DreambyErica L. KohlDoctor of Philosophy in EducationUniversity of California, BerkeleyProfessor Harley Shaiken, ChairDescribed as the `New Appalachia,' California's Central Valley ranks number one on the Brookings Institution's American poverty list. In the past two years newspapers ranging from the Los Angeles Times to the Washington Post ran headline stories featuring the Central Valley's dependence on large-scale agriculture and its resulting income stagnation, `brain drain', and deepening poverty and insecurity in isolated migrant farmworker settlements across the region. This dissertation is a historical study of philanthropic interventions into migrant farmworker poverty across California's Central Valley from the 1960's Farm Worker Movement to the present. It explores the ways in which foundation driven programs to address migrant poverty amidst great agricultural wealth manage or `govern' the work of farmworker organizers and institutions across the region. Over the past ten years an unprecedented number of private foundation grants have been made to farmworker organizations across California's Central Valley. While philanthropic investments in migrant institutions have not significantly altered the terrain of farmworker organizing, they have promoted institutional arrangements and theoretical frameworks that contain the work of farmworker organizations and advocates. In this dissertation I specifically interrogate how processes of professionalization and `participatory' ideas promoted through foundations such as self-help, community development, immigrant integration, civic participation, and asset-based community development are negotiated by institutional 'grantees,' and ultimately structure the ways in which historic farm worker movement organizations build institutions and organizing strategies. Through an analysis of archival data and interviews with historic movement leaders and current foundation and nonprofit staff, this dissertation shows how, while philanthropic investments in farmworker communities are greater than ever, regional program managers are more reluctant to address the problems faced by farmworkers such as pesticides poisoning, low wages, and substandard health and housing conditions. The specific `win-win' asset based approach popular with the most recent foundation initiatives facilitates processes that identify the places where growers and workers can work together, avoiding problem-based causes where growers' economic interests may be challenged. Operating under the 'win-win' model, at a time when growers and workers alike are suffering from the financial crisis and drought, advocates find themselves further away from addressing the structural issues of a farm labor system that relies on constant streams of migrant workers from poor pueblos in Mexico. This dissertation contributes to the emerging body of scholarship on philanthropy and social change by complicating arguments that either promote foundations as positive agents of social progress or critique them as monolithic imperialist institutions with clear agendas of co-optation and control. In complicating theories of social control and cooptation, my intention is not to defend private grant making foundations as effective agents of social movements or even to disagree with the ultimate dilution of organizing agendas that foundation grants often initiate. My aim is to encourage scholars and activists to confront the current paradigm where foundations are viewed as unified institutions of power with clearly articulated political agendas of which we have little understanding and therefore no ability to change. Throughout the dissertation, I do this by showing how decisions made between funders and movement leaders are, while not without consequences, often multi-layered and contingent, as opposed to being driven by a single political agenda of cooptation and repression as is now commonly argued. This is the first scholarly work on California foundations, and their relationship to farmworker institutions.
This paper examines the relation between municipalities' social media performance and citizen satisfaction withthe municipality. An observational study was conducted, based on four different Swedish national public data sources. Thestudy shows that municipalities' Facebook performance is correlated to citizens' satisfaction with living in the municipalityand with satisfaction with municipal service provision. There was however no significant relationship between Facebookperformance and satisfaction with transparency and influence from a citizen perspective. In conclusion, one importantimplication of the study is that citizen perception regarding whether a municipality is a good place to live in or not is related to the use of social media for promoting the municipality. Furthermore, a relation between satisfaction and citizenperception of government service performance implies that social media could be valuable for interaction and co-creation.Finally, an implication is that usage of social media and the potential relationship to trust, influence and transparency mustbe further elaborated and studied. Overall, our recommendation is that municipalities and their citizens may benefit fromwell thought-out strategies of how to use social media for marketing, interaction and co-creating. ; CC BY-ND 4.0
"Immigration and School Safety utilizes a multidisciplinary approach to expose the complex relationship between immigration and school safety in the United States. It addresses not only individual, intrapersonal, and environmental factors, but also distant-level conditions that are relevant to the experiences of immigrant children and connected to school safety. Twenty-five percent of all youths in U.S. schools have at least one immigrant parent, and that percentage is expected to increase to 33 percent by 2040. A wide array of factors, including but not limited to laws, public and political discourses, educational policies, interpersonal relationships, socioeconomic status, English-language proficiency, citizenship, legal status, family characteristics, race and ethnicity, generational status, nationality, religion, and gender, contribute to the marginalizing experiences of children of immigrants at school. With the rapid growth of students in immigrant families in U.S. schools, any effort to address school violence and implement school safety policies must consider barriers associated with the unique educational experiences of that segment. This book highlights the often overlooked importance of immigration as a mediating factor in explaining both violence and victimization, and provides a blueprint for integrating immigration and criminology theories into evidence-based efforts toward ensuring safety for all students. The authors demonstrate that immigration matters significantly in school violence and safety concerns, and illustrate why research that integrates immigration with criminology theories is needed to understand the causes and correlates of school violence. The book will appeal to a wide array of individuals, including academics, educators, policymakers, practitioners, social workers, parents, and stakeholders who are committed to addressing educational disparities and inequities associated with immigration and school safety"--
Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of Tables -- List of Figures -- Preface -- 1 Introduction -- Learning objectives -- The scope of this book -- The structure of the book -- How to study this book -- The survey in market and social research -- Survey objectives -- Types of survey -- When to use (and when not to use) surveys -- Summary -- Further reading -- References -- part I CONSTRUCTING SURVEY DATA:GETTING GOOD QUALITY DATA -- Introduction to Part 1 -- 2 Designing the Data Matrix -- Learning objectives -- Introduction -- What are 'data'? -- The process of data construction -- The format of the data matrix -- The design of the data matrix -- The specification, number and selection of respondents -- The variables -- The process of measurement -- Scaling -- The quality of data -- Background discussion: the current 'theory' of measurement -- Summary -- Exercises -- Points for discussion -- Further reading -- References -- 3 Filling the Data Matrix -- Learning objectives -- Introduction -- Survey design and execution -- Population specification -- Frame error -- Questionnaire design -- Non-response -- Response errors -- Interviewer errors -- Editing -- Coding -- Data entry -- Using computer packages -- Entering data on SPSS -- Saving your work -- Introduction to the table tennis study -- Summary -- Exercises -- Points for discussion -- Further reading -- References -- part II ANALYSING SURVEY DATA:CHOOSING THE RIGHT DATA ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES -- Introduction to Part II -- Analysis objectives -- Scale type -- The number of variables -- Choosing data analysis teclmiques -- Further reading -- 4 Tables and Charts for Categorical Variables -- Learning objectives -- Introduction -- Univariate frequency tables -- Bivariate crosstabulation -- Three-way and n-way tables -- Bar charts and pie charts.
This article approaches the links between new information technologies, the state and new social movements within the Andean region and from a perspective of political analysis. Starting from a reconstruction of the processes that originated connectivity agendas, the dynamics behind the adoption of electronic governance and internet filling up by social movements is analyzed. These theoretic and practical experiences are gathered to aid reflection about the state and the social movement's behavior in their encounters with the info world and the so called digital era. The article maintains that each of these dynamics configures different trajectories and objectives facing the construction of democracy and citizenship. ; Este artículo realiza una aproximación a los vínculos entre lasnuevas tecnologías informáticas, el Estado y los movimientossociales, en el marco de la región andina y desde una perspectivade análisis político. A partir de una reconstrucción de losprocesos que dieron origen a las Agendas de Conectividad, seanaliza la dinámica de adopción de los gobiernos electrónicosy la dinámica de copamiento del internet por parte de los movimientossociales. Se recogen estas experiencias teóricas y prácticaspara reflexionar en torno al comportamiento del Estado y de los movimientos sociales en su encuentro con el mundo informático y la llamada era digital. El artículo plantea que cada una de estas dinámicas configura trayectorias y objetivos diferentes frente a la construcción del Estado, la democracia y la ciudadanía
International audience ; The article presents the challenges of an ongoing thesis in relation to the historiographical legacy of Michel Vovelle, particularly his study on Joseph Sec. This 1975 book offers the opportunity for a reflexive return on the "business bourgeoisie", a notion re-evaluated here through a prosopographical survey carried out on this social group in Normandy. From a perspective that intimately links social and political history, the whole point of this thesis consists in questioning the strategies and modalities of influence of these "financial interests": through their direct political participation (their involvement in state functions) or indirect (lobbying practices exercised over national representation). ; L'article présente les enjeux d'une thèse en cours par rapport au legs historiographique de Michel Vovelle, notamment son étude sur Joseph Sec. Ce livre, daté de 1975, offre l'occasion d'un retour réflexif sur la « bourgeoisie d'affaires », une notion ici réévaluée à partir d'une enquête prosopographique menée sur ce groupe social en Normandie. Dans une perspective qui lie intimement histoire sociale et politique, tout l'intérêt de cette thèse consiste à interroger les stratégies et les modalités d'influence de ces « puissances d'argent » : à travers leur participation politique directe (leur investissement dans les fonctions de l'État) ou indirecte (pratiques de lobbying exercées sur la représentation nationale).
International audience ; The article presents the challenges of an ongoing thesis in relation to the historiographical legacy of Michel Vovelle, particularly his study on Joseph Sec. This 1975 book offers the opportunity for a reflexive return on the "business bourgeoisie", a notion re-evaluated here through a prosopographical survey carried out on this social group in Normandy. From a perspective that intimately links social and political history, the whole point of this thesis consists in questioning the strategies and modalities of influence of these "financial interests": through their direct political participation (their involvement in state functions) or indirect (lobbying practices exercised over national representation). ; L'article présente les enjeux d'une thèse en cours par rapport au legs historiographique de Michel Vovelle, notamment son étude sur Joseph Sec. Ce livre, daté de 1975, offre l'occasion d'un retour réflexif sur la « bourgeoisie d'affaires », une notion ici réévaluée à partir d'une enquête prosopographique menée sur ce groupe social en Normandie. Dans une perspective qui lie intimement histoire sociale et politique, tout l'intérêt de cette thèse consiste à interroger les stratégies et les modalités d'influence de ces « puissances d'argent » : à travers leur participation politique directe (leur investissement dans les fonctions de l'État) ou indirecte (pratiques de lobbying exercées sur la représentation nationale).
Digital, as a socio-technical configuration of ICTs, has a capacity for "amplification" and "calculation", generating "uncertainties" and "disruption". It certainly amplifies the resources of political and financial domination, but it also amplifies all the collaborative social dynamics. The potentialities of digital stimulate new forms of social organization, which modify the mechanisms implemented by human societies to produce and exchange. Thus, new prospects for humanitarian actions and development in urban Africa in the digital era seem possible. FabLabs dispositifs could contribute positively to the improvement, empowerment and participation of individuals, within the framework of a pluralism of appropriate technologies, and with resilient socio-economic activities. ; Le numérique, en tant que configuration socio-technique des TIC, possède une capacité « d'amplification » et de « calcul », et engendre « incertitudes » et « disruption ». Il amplifie certes les ressources de domination politique et financière, mais il amplifie aussi toutes les dynamiques sociales collaboratives. Les potentialités du numérique stimulent de nouvelles formes d'organisation sociale, qui modifient les dispositifs mis en oeuvre par les sociétés humaines pour produire et échanger. Ainsi, de nouvelles perspectives d'actions humanitaires et de développement en Afrique urbaine à l'ère du numérique semblent envisageables. Les dispositifs FabLabs pourraient contribuer positivement à l'improvement, l'empowerment et à la participation des individus, dans le cadre d'un pluralisme de technologies appropriées, et avec des activités socio-économiques résilientes.
Digital, as a socio-technical configuration of ICTs, has a capacity for "amplification" and "calculation", generating "uncertainties" and "disruption". It certainly amplifies the resources of political and financial domination, but it also amplifies all the collaborative social dynamics. The potentialities of digital stimulate new forms of social organization, which modify the mechanisms implemented by human societies to produce and exchange. Thus, new prospects for humanitarian actions and development in urban Africa in the digital era seem possible. FabLabs dispositifs could contribute positively to the improvement, empowerment and participation of individuals, within the framework of a pluralism of appropriate technologies, and with resilient socio-economic activities. ; Le numérique, en tant que configuration socio-technique des TIC, possède une capacité « d'amplification » et de « calcul », et engendre « incertitudes » et « disruption ». Il amplifie certes les ressources de domination politique et financière, mais il amplifie aussi toutes les dynamiques sociales collaboratives. Les potentialités du numérique stimulent de nouvelles formes d'organisation sociale, qui modifient les dispositifs mis en oeuvre par les sociétés humaines pour produire et échanger. Ainsi, de nouvelles perspectives d'actions humanitaires et de développement en Afrique urbaine à l'ère du numérique semblent envisageables. Les dispositifs FabLabs pourraient contribuer positivement à l'improvement, l'empowerment et à la participation des individus, dans le cadre d'un pluralisme de technologies appropriées, et avec des activités socio-économiques résilientes.
Digital, as a socio-technical configuration of ICTs, has a capacity for "amplification" and "calculation", generating "uncertainties" and "disruption". It certainly amplifies the resources of political and financial domination, but it also amplifies all the collaborative social dynamics. The potentialities of digital stimulate new forms of social organization, which modify the mechanisms implemented by human societies to produce and exchange. Thus, new prospects for humanitarian actions and development in urban Africa in the digital era seem possible. FabLabs dispositifs could contribute positively to the improvement, empowerment and participation of individuals, within the framework of a pluralism of appropriate technologies, and with resilient socio-economic activities. ; Le numérique, en tant que configuration socio-technique des TIC, possède une capacité « d'amplification » et de « calcul », et engendre « incertitudes » et « disruption ». Il amplifie certes les ressources de domination politique et financière, mais il amplifie aussi toutes les dynamiques sociales collaboratives. Les potentialités du numérique stimulent de nouvelles formes d'organisation sociale, qui modifient les dispositifs mis en oeuvre par les sociétés humaines pour produire et échanger. Ainsi, de nouvelles perspectives d'actions humanitaires et de développement en Afrique urbaine à l'ère du numérique semblent envisageables. Les dispositifs FabLabs pourraient contribuer positivement à l'improvement, l'empowerment et à la participation des individus, dans le cadre d'un pluralisme de technologies appropriées, et avec des activités socio-économiques résilientes.