Suchergebnisse

"This volume brings into a common context three representative sources which focus on monetary problems in 17th century Spain. Each source approaches the consequences of coin debasement from a different angle, which allows an enhanced overall view of the magnitude of a problem that affected the whole of the social spectrum in the Spanish Kingdom of Castile for most of the 17th century. In addition to considerations derived from observing monetary phenomena, these sources shed light on other aspects of early modern Castilian society. The perceptions held by their authors are valuable not only from the point of view of monetary history, but from that of social history and historical anthropology."--Back cover

This article combines two aspects of the Spanish diasporic experience in the Americas often treated separately: migration and exile. Studies of the Republican exile have concentrated primarily on members of political and cultural elites forced to leave Spain in the aftermath of the Spanish Civil War and Franco's victory in 1939. Here, I look instead at how events in Spain affected the lives of Spaniards living abroad when civil war broke out in 1936. I analyze the activities in support of the Republic organized by Spaniards in the United States, and argue that the war in Spain and the Popular Front culture forged in America in the 1930s transformed these communities deeply. Not only did they become more visible, but, perhaps more important, they participated in events that fostered collaboration across generations, ethnicities, races, creeds, and social classes. The article highlights the important role played by women and children in these communities, and examines how the war shaped the identity of Spanish-American youth. These activities helped pave the way for the integration of Spanish immigrants into American society. This Americanization, often reluctant, was linked to Franco's victory, an outcome that, for many, closed the door to a possible return to Spain, transforming migrants into exiles. As such, they continued to struggle for the restoration of democracy in Spain during the four decades of the dictatorship. ; Este artículo combina dos aspectos de la experiencia de la diáspora española en América que suelen tratarse por separado: emigración y exilio. Los estudios del exilio republicano se han concentrado generalmente en miembros de las élites políticas y culturales forzados a abandonar España a consecuencia de la guerra civil y la victoria franquista en 1939. Aquí examino cómo los sucesos en España afectaron las vidas de españoles residentes en el extranjero cuando estalló la guerra en 1936. Analizando las actividades de ayuda a la República organizadas por españoles en los Estados Unidos, arguyo ...

En este trabajo se pretende establecer un diálogo entre dos fenómenos culturales que guardan cierta relación con el "descubrimiento" oficial de la diversidad sexual en España. El primero de ellos es la eclosión de la literatura de temática homosexual, coincidente cronológica e históricamente con el restablecimiento del régimen democrático —fenómeno todavía no adecuadamente comprendido y vulnerable a las fáciles descalificaciones de la crítica literaria académica. El segundo fenómeno es el cambio de actitud de los estudios culturales en España en lo referente a la representación del cuerpo, el género y la sexualidad, mediante la asimilación, a veces apresurada y poco crítica, de la denominada "queer theory". Un escrutinio crítico de estos dos fenómenos considerados recíprocamente nos permite reformular la cuestión que enmarca este dossier del siguiente modo: ¿en qué sentido podemos afirmar que los estudios culturales han marcado la pauta para comprender las transformaciones culturales que están teniendo lugar en España? ; This paper scrutinises the relation between two cultural phenomena related to the institutional "discovery" of sexual and gender diversity in Spain. One is the boom of homosexually-themed fiction literature at the beginning of the new democratic regime. This boom, which has been subject to the academic literary criticism's facile and swift dismissal, is yet to be properly comprehended. The other refers to the attitude change within Spanish cultural studies in relation to body representations, gender and sexuality —change which has been mediated by the sometimes shallow adoption of queer theory. A critical consideration of these two phenomena will lead to the following umbrella question: up to what point can it be asserted that current cultural transformations in Spain are determined by similar changes within the discipline of cultural studies?

The international empirical research about journalists' perception of their professional roles and functions presents a remarkable increase in recent years, but not so in the Spanish case. In this research, which is part of the comparative transnational study "Worlds of Journalism Study", we analyse data from a survey conducted in Spain (representative and stratified by type of media and Autonomous Community) to 390 journalists from 117 media, who were consulted about their work to detect their professional attitudes. The study identifies six roles: the watchdog, the speaker of citizenship, the instructor of the audience, favours the status quo, entertains public opinion and the disseminator of objective information. Professionals feel more identified with the role of speaker of citizenship, in relation with the Spanish political, economic and social changes in recent years. This function downplays the predominant role in the recent similar studies on Spanish journalists: the disseminator of objective information. We also found two large groups of journalists: the stimulators and the narcotizators of public opinion. Moreover, it was observed that some organizational factors (in particular, the property of media) and other individual ones (such as gender, age and years of work experience) significantly influence the perceptions of professional roles.

In the last forty years the development of the Cognitive Metaphor Theory (Lakoff 1987, 2006, Lakoff & Johnson 1980) has given rise to a great amount of research into metaphor. The study of verbal metaphor was followed by several investigations into visual and multimodal metaphor (Forceville 2007, 2008, 2009). Whereas monomodal metaphor occurs in a single mode of representation, for instance verbal metaphor, pictorial metaphor or auditory metaphor, multimodal metaphor occurring in diverse modes, for instance verbo-pictorial metaphor. In much the same way, there have been numerous studies on metaphor-metonymy interaction cases in specialized genres. In the present article we explore monomodal visual and multimodal verbo-pictorial metaphors, and multimodal cases of metaphor-metonymy interaction (i.e. verbo-pictorial metonymy-based metaphors) in a corpus of Spanish print political cartoon strips drawn from the popular newspaper El País.

A mediados de los años cincuenta se rodó en España la coproducción Aventura para dos (Spanish Affair, Don Siegel, 1957) con Car-men Sevilla y Richard Kiley, que se estrenó internacionalmente, mientras estaba en vigor un embargo de exportaciones de Hollywood a España. Representantes del Gobierno en el extranjero se quejaron a organismos es-pañoles por permitir una producción ex-tranjera en territorio español que según sus testimonios dañaba la imagen del país. To-mando como herramienta el análisis de es-pacios en films turísticos españoles de Nieto Ferrando, Rey-Reguillo y Afinoguenova, este trabajo estudia las características de este film que configuran España como espacio arcá-dico-idílico. Los resultados del análisis y la comparación con el artículo mencionado su-gieren que las quejas, aunque acertadas sobre el folclore y tradicionalismo representados, no serían consecuentes con la postura oficial del gobierno. Ese imaginario era la tendencia en films españoles que promocionaban el territorio nacional como destino turístico, que proliferaban en los años cincuenta y concordaban con el Spain is different promovido por organismos oficiales desde inicios de dicha década ; In the mid-1950s, the co-production Spanish Affair (Don Siegel, 1957), star-ring Carmen Sevilla and Richard Kiley, was filmed in Spain and premiered in-ternationally, while a Hollywood exports embargo to Spain was in force. Govern-ment representatives abroad complained to Spanish organizations for allowing a foreign production in Spanish territory, which according to their testimonies dam-aged the country's image. Taking as a tool the analysis of places in Spanish tourist films by Nieto Ferrando, del Rey Reguillo and Afinoguenova, this paper studies the characteristics of this film that configure Spain as an arcadian-idyllic place. The re-sults of the analysis and the comparison with the aforementioned article suggest that the complaints, although accurate about the folklore and traditionalism represented, would not be consistent with the official position of the government. This imaginary was the trend in Spanish films that promoted the national territory as a tourist destination, which proliferated in the fifties and coincided with the slogan Spain is different promoted by official organizations since the beginning of that decade

The use of the term social networks has spread in a majority way in the Spanish-speaking countries, not only in an academic and scientific way, but also in the whole society, understanding a commonly accepted meaning to refer to certain online tools such as Facebook, Twitter, Instagram or LinkedIn among others. Thus, we must ask ourselves if this terminological conception and the conceptual form are well used and if there is a better alternative, to clarify such an important field of study in the social sciences. The article compiles definitions and uses of the term, placing special emphasis on the most primitive definitions of social networks that we can find in the Anglo-Saxon literature. Based on social
scientific studies that were published in English and more recently in Spanish, we can explain the detailed conceptualization and differentiation of social networks and social media, emphasizing the way of improvement. A distinction is made between types of social networks and the possibilities offered by distinguishing between social networks and social media for research methodology in social sciences in Spanish.

The Asturian musicologist E. M. Torner (Oviedo 1888- London 1955) was the first scholar working with music in a Spanish research center of international scope in Europe. The fieldwork materials he collected, investigation, courses given, and outreach activities and collaborations at the Center of Historical Studies (CEH) of the JAE (1910-1939), comprise a large amount of oral literature and music materials. Furthermore, the vast amount of unpublished work, and the ostracism to which he was condemned while living in exile and after his death, until the end of Franco's dictatorship, may show to contemporary researchers that his legacy was much more transcendent than acknowledged –especially during the 1930s– not only in the academic field but at a popular level as well. This article deals with his early approach to the JAE, the research he undertook there, and the outreach activities carried out until his exile in the UK. An exile forced by his strong political support of Spain's Second Republic. ; El asturiano E. M. Torner (1888-1955) fue el primer musicólogo en integrarse en un organismo de investigación científica de dimensión nacional en España e internacional en Europa. Sus trabajos de recogida, investigaciones, cursos y actividades de divulgación o colaboraciones desde el Centro de Estudios Históricos de la JAE (1910-1939) dejaron una monumental obra de colección y sistematización de materiales musicales y literarios de tradición oral. Asimismo, la gran cantidad de materiales que dejó inéditos, y el ostracismo desarrollado en torno a su figura durante su exilio y posterior muerte, hasta el fin de la dictadura franquista, inducen a pensar a los investigadores que su labor fue mucho más trascendente, especialmente en la década de 1930, tanto a nivel popular como académico. Aquí se relatará su ingreso en la JAE, las investigaciones desarrolladas por él allí, y las actividades de divulgación que llevó a cabo hasta su exilio en Gran Bretaña –exilio debido a sus fuertes lazos políticos con la Segunda República.

E-learning is a way of teaching that presently makes greater sense in the process of democratization of education. This articles describes a meta-analysis performed on Spanish journals found in Social Sciences and Law areas (N = 118) indexed in JCR and SCOPUS and awarded with the FECYT seal, that have published articles on this topic in the last 5 years (2011–2015). The total number of articles analyzed was 108. The main results show that these have focused on studies on academic efficiency, learning, teaching and cognitive styles, and interaction and communication. The main conclusion reached was the need for a study on the reasoning behind why elements such assessments are not treated in these articles.

The present study analyses the reception of Samuel Johnson in Spain through the translation of his works into Spanish. Despite the immense in uence Samuel Johnson has had in the English-speaking world as one of the most significant representatives of enlightened Humanism, the knowledge of his works and his figure have been rather belated in the Hispanic world. His marked "Englishness" may be considered one of the causes why his works went unnoticed among his Spanish contemporaries and the following generations at a time when political and cultural alliances linked Spain to France rather than to Great Britain. A determining factor in the process of making Samuel Johnson better-known in Spain has been the development of English Studies as an academic discipline, especially since the 1980's. The second important factor is the availability of Spanish translations of the famous biography signed by James Boswell. El presente estudio analiza la recepción de la obra de Samuel Johnson en España a través de las traducciones al castellano. Pese a la inmensa in uencia de la que goza Samuel Johnson en el mundo angloparlante como máximo representante del humanismo ilustrado, la difusión tanto del autor como de su obra ha sido tardía en el ámbito hispánico. Su marcado carácter "inglés" puede considerarse como una de las causas del aparente desinterés que su obra despertó entre sus coetáneos y las generaciones inmediatamente posteriores en una época en las que las alianzas políticas y culturales ligaban España a Francia. Un factor determinante en la divulgación de la obra de Johnson ha sido el desarrollo como disciplina académica de los Estudios de Filología inglesa, en especial a partir de la década de 1980. El segundo factor es la aparición de varias traducciones españolas de la famosa biografía sobre la vida de Johnson firmada por James Boswell.