Human rights at sea: The limits of inter-state cooperation in addressing forced labour on fishing vessels
In: Marine policy, Band 159, S. 105934
ISSN: 0308-597X
In: Marine policy, Band 159, S. 105934
ISSN: 0308-597X
In: Journal of contemporary China, S. 1-18
ISSN: 1469-9400
In: The journal of politics: JOP
ISSN: 1468-2508
In: Maastricht journal of European and comparative law: MJ
ISSN: 2399-5548
This article looks at the overarching Treaty architecture on secondary law differentiation and investigates three special regimes of closer cooperation, which are modelled upon, but cannot be entirely reconducted to, the enhanced cooperation procedure of Article 20 TEU. These regimes operate within core state powers and introduce a layer of additional flexibility in some policy-specific areas. They are the Article 136.1 TfEU special procedure for euro-related legislation, the fast-track procedure for enhanced cooperation in criminal law and the permanent structured cooperation in defence policies. The article argues that the web of closer cooperation regimes in secondary law enlarges the remit of differentiation within the Treaties beyond the standard enhanced cooperation and adapts it to core state power policy domains. This increased flexibility expands substantially the likelihood of such differentiation instruments to be used in practice. Moreover, as it extends to the policy fields in which opt-outs are generally established and where differentiation is mostly needed and operated, this accrued flexibility can replace, or at least supplement, differentiation through primary law derogations.
Blog: The Strategist
Diplomacy used to be the prerogative of national governments, handled by a small group of leaders, officials, diplomats, and militaries. The acceleration of globalisation and interdependence since the 1970s led to the emergence of ...
"Since the early 2000s, space has become an increasingly crowded and contested environment. The expanding number of countries and companies involved and the failure of international management mechanisms (rules, laws, and treaties) to keep up with the pace of the spread of space technology has raised the risks of conflict and stressed existing space resources, creating difficult problems in space traffic management, debris mitigation, radio-spectrum crowding, space situational awareness, and military security. This second edition will examine the current status of international competition in space, as well as the prospects for cooperation. It asks a central question: if all countries share an interest in maintaining safe access to space, why are we failing to address critical emerging problems, and what might be done about them? The book also examines the roots of current space management mechanisms, how they are being challenged, and what paths might exist toward enhanced space security in the future"--
World Affairs Online
In: Third world quarterly
ISSN: 1360-2241
World Affairs Online
In: Emerging-Economy State and International Policy Studies
This open access book studies how foreign models of economic development can be effectively learned by and applied to today's latecomer countries. Policy capacity and societal learning are increasingly stressed as pre-conditions for successful catch-up. However, how such learning should be initiated by individual societies with different features needs to be explained. The book answers this pragmatic question from the perspective of Japan's past experience and its extensive development cooperation in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Since the late nineteenth century, Japan has developed a unique philosophy and method for adopting advanced technologies and systems from the West; the same philosophy and method govern its current cooperation with the developing world. The key concepts are local learning and translative adaptation. Local learning says that development requires the learner to adopt a proactive mindset and the goal of graduating from receiving aid. Meanwhile, translative adaptation requires foreign models be modified to fit local realities given the different structures of the home and foreign society. The development process must be wholly owned by the domestic society in rejection of copy-and-paste acceptance. These ideas not only informed Japan but are key to successful development for all. The book also asks how this learning method should—or should not—be revised in the age of SDGs and digitalization. Following the overview section that lays out the general principles, the book offers many real cases from Japan and other countries. The concrete actions outlined in these cases, with close attention to individual growth "ingredients" as opposed to general theories, are crucial to successful policy making. The book contains materials that are highly useful for national leaders and practitioners within developing countries as well as students of development studies.
In: Emerging-Economy State and International Policy Studies
Part I. Translative Adaptation in the Industrialization Process -- 1. Introducing Foreign Models for Development: A Perspective from Translative Adaptation -- 2. Industrial Policies for Learning, Innovation, and Transformation: Insights from Japan and Selected Countries -- Part II. Case Studies from Japan, Asia, Latin America, and Africa -- 3. Japan's State Learning in the Meiji Period from the Vision Perspective -- 4. National Movements for Quality and Productivity Improvement with Local Adaptation: The Experience of Japan and Singapore -- 5. Bilateral Policy Dialogue: Japanese Cooperation for Enhancing Industrial Policy Capacity -- 6. Industry Engagement in TVET and the Japanese Cooperation in Vietnam: The Case of Hanoi University of Industry -- 7. Promoting Kaizen in Africa: 10-Years of Experience of Japanese Cooperation in Tunisia and Ethiopia -- 8. Thailand's Experience of Learning Industrial Technologies and Monodzukuri Education with Localization -- Part III. Translative Adaptation in a Changing World -- 9. Kaizen and Non-cognitive Skills Development in Africa in the Age of Digitalization -- 10. New Industrial Landscape: Implications for Industrial Policy and Japanese Industrial Development Cooperation. .
In an era of ever-increasing polarization in the US Congress, American foreign policy remains marked by frequent bipartisanship. In Bipartisanship and US Foreign Policy, Jordan Tama shows that, even as polarization in American politics reaches new heights, Democrats and Republicans in Washington continue to cooperate on important international issues. Looking closely at congressional voting patterns and recent debates over military action, economic sanctions, international trade, and foreign policy spending, Tama reveals that bipartisanship remains surprisingly common when US elected officials turn their attention overseas. Yet bipartisanship today rarely involves complete unity. Instead, bipartisan coalitions spanning members of both parties often coexist with intra-party divisions or disagreement between Congress and the president, making it difficult for the United States to speak with one voice on the global stage. Drawing on new data and interviews of more than 100 foreign policy practitioners, this book documents the persistence of bipartisanship on international issues and highlights key factors that facilitate or impede cooperation on foreign policy challenges.
World Affairs Online
In: Oxford scholarship online
In: Political Science
Although Democrats and Republicans in Washington appear to live in different realities today, they often cooperate when they turn their attention overseas. Jordan Tama examines the surprising persistence of foreign policy cooperation between Democrats and Republicans, even as partisan polarization in American politics reaches new heights. Drawing on new data on congressional voting, in-depth case studies of major recent foreign policy debates, and interviews of more than 100 foreign policy practitioners, the book shows that it remains possible for members of the two parties to band together to shape the US role in the world.
In: The journal of conflict resolution: journal of the Peace Science Society (International)
ISSN: 1552-8766
Why do some rebel organizations form a united front when others confine themselves to a loose partnership? Existing research on rebel movements reveals that insurgents should quickly leave cooperative agreements if doing so will provide particular advantages in a post-conflict setting. Still, rebel groups may build diverse alliances, from joint attacks to shared command structures. If rebels are indeed purely pragmatic, why would they tie themselves to partnerships that hinder their ability to defect easily? In this article, I argue that three relational factors shape how armed groups cooperate: rebel-civilian relations (civilian support), inter-rebel relations (partners), and rebel-sponsor relations (external patrons). Groups connected through these social networks will be more likely to join a united opposition with their shared channels of trust. Developing a new dyadic dataset, I find that sharing allies or civilian support is positively associated with forming united fronts. Yet, state sponsorship does not produce similar results.
"This book offers an international reading of the Polish socialist regime's history in the 1970s, and its opening up to the West. It bridges Poland's socialist domestic history with critical developments of the global and European 1970s, including détente in the Cold War, western European integration, and globalisation. In this period of international transformations, socialist Poland under Edward Gierek's leadership multiplied its economic and political contacts with capitalist countries, especially western Europe, and became a leader of East-West cooperation among Council for Mutual Economic Assistance and Warsaw Pact members. Relying on sources from public and corporate archives in five different European states, the book demonstrates both that the global political and economic transformations of that period were critical for the decision-making process in Poland and, moreover, that the national socialist elites participated in shaping these transformations. By looking at the goals and expectations of the Polish socialist elites and their practices of political and economic exchanges with western Europe, the book explains the logic which drove the socialist regime into entanglement with the West. As is shown here, this entanglement proved inextricable and critical for the socialist regime's failure and Poland's political and economic future. This book will be of much interest to students of European history, cold war studies, socialism studies and International Relations"--
In: Cold War history
This book offers an international reading of the Polish socialist regime's history in the 1970s, and its opening up to the West. It bridges Poland's socialist domestic history with critical developments of the global and European 1970s, including détente in the Cold War, western European integration, and globalisation. In this period of international transformations, socialist Poland under Edward Gierek's leadership multiplied its economic and political contacts with capitalist countries, especially western Europe, and became a leader of East-West cooperation among Council for Mutual Economic Assistance and Warsaw Pact members. Relying on sources from public and corporate archives in five different European states, the book demonstrates both that the global political and economic transformations of that period were critical for the decision-making process in Poland and, moreover, that the national socialist elites participated in shaping these transformations. By looking at the goals and expectations of the Polish socialist elites and their practices of political and economic exchanges with western Europe, the book explains the logic which drove the socialist regime into entanglement with the West. As is shown here, this entanglement proved inextricable and critical for the socialist regime's failure and Poland's political and economic future.
In: Earthscan studies in water resource management
"This book examines the role legal rules play in the resolution of disputes in transboundary river basins. When states fail to resolve disputes over shared water resources, many cast such failures on inadequate or ineffective legal rules. With this view in mind, this book examines the role that legal rules do, and can, play in aiding the peaceful settlement of disputes and furthering cooperation between different parties. Building on the interactional theory of law, the book formulates three analytical frameworks: the effect of norm-generating processes, the effects of water-related agreements and/or arrangements in the basins, and the effect of international water. It uses these frameworks to assess the role of law in the processes of cooperation and peaceful settlement of disputes on transboundary river basin by drawing on four illustrative case studies: the Jordan River Basin, the Nile River Basin, the Mekong River Basin and the Indus River Basin. In doing so, the book presents a unique perspective on the multi-functional role of legal rules in those processes. Tapping into the global discussion on water security and water-related conflicts, this book stimulates readers to explore broader or interdisciplinary perspectives for understanding water-related issues. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars interested in water resource management, water law, environmental politics, conflict resolution and sustainable development more generally"--