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The paper deals with state border control. The introduction stresses the importance ofboth the existence and preservation of state borders without which no country in the worldcould exist. Moreover, through the implementation of effective and quality control, thevalues that a certain society has achieved are maintained, which is also a guiding principleof this paper. Regardless of the subject matter itself, it is always important to start froma theoretical approach, thus here we give a clear definition of state borders, the notion ofborder, types of borders and everything that makes them exist as such. An important roleof the EU regulation in the fight against and prevention of organised smuggling of peopleis emphasised and theoretical assumptions thereof are presented. The role of the EU bodiesand systems, such as FRONTEX and the Schengen Information System, is also extremelyimportant. The Republic of Croatia plays a very proactive role in this respect because of itsspecific position and the fact that its borders are at the same time the longest external landborders of the European Union. In this regard, it is necessary to act in a systematic, organisedand coherent manner together with all EU Member States in order to prevent any negativeimpacts of migrant waves. ; Tema je ovoga rada nadzor državne granice. U samome uvodu naglašena je važnostpostojanja, ali i čuvanja državnih granica bez kojih jednostavno nije moguće egzistiranjenijedne države na svijetu. Štoviše, provođenjem učinkovitog i kvalitetnog nadzora čuvaju sevrijednosti koje je određeno društvo postiglo što je i svojevrsna nit vodilja ovoga rada. Bitno je,bez obzira na samu temu, uvijek krenuti od teorijskog pristupa pa je tako i ovdje dana jasnadefinicija državnih granica, pojma granice, vrste i sve ono što ih sačinjava. Naglašena je važnauloga propisa Europske unije u suzbijanju i prevenciji organiziranog krijumčarenja ljudi te suprikazane teorijske postavke istoga. Izrazito važna je i uloga tijela i sustava Europske unijekao što je FRONTEX i Schengenski informacijski sustav. U svemu tome izrazito proaktivnuulogu ima i Republika Hrvatska zbog svoga specifičnog položaja i činjenice da su njezinegranice ujedno i najdulje kopnene vanjske granice Europske unije. U tome smislu potrebno jedjelovati sustavno, organizirano i koherentno zajedno sa svim državama članicama Europskeunije kako bi se spriječile eventualne loše posljedice migrantskih valova.

Tema je ovoga rada nadzor državne granice. U samome uvodu naglašena je važnost postojanja, ali i čuvanja državnih granica bez kojih jednostavno nije moguće egzistiranje nijedne države na svijetu. Štoviše, provođenjem učinkovitog i kvalitetnog nadzora čuvaju se vrijednosti koje je određeno društvo postiglo što je i svojevrsna nit vodilja ovoga rada. Bitno je, bez obzira na samu temu, uvijek krenuti od teorijskog pristupa pa je tako i ovdje dana jasna definicija državnih granica, pojma granice, vrste i sve ono što ih sačinjava. Naglašena je važna uloga propisa Europske unije u suzbijanju i prevenciji organiziranog krijumčarenja ljudi te su prikazane teorijske postavke istoga. Izrazito važna je i uloga tijela i sustava Europske unije kao što je FRONTEX i Schengenski informacijski sustav. U svemu tome izrazito proaktivnu ulogu ima i Republika Hrvatska zbog svoga specifičnog položaja i činjenice da su njezine granice ujedno i najdulje kopnene vanjske granice Europske unije. U tome smislu potrebno je djelovati sustavno, organizirano i koherentno zajedno sa svim državama članicama Europske unije kako bi se spriječile eventualne loše posljedice migrantskih valova. ; The paper deals with state border control. The introduction stresses the importance of both the existence and preservation of state borders without which no country in the world could exist. Moreover, through the implementation of effective and quality control, the values that a certain society has achieved are maintained, which is also a guiding principle of this paper. Regardless of the subject matter itself, it is always important to start from a theoretical approach, thus here we give a clear definition of state borders, the notion of border, types of borders and everything that makes them exist as such. An important role of the EU regulation in the fight against and prevention of organised smuggling of people is emphasised and theoretical assumptions thereof are presented. The role of the EU bodies and systems, such as FRONTEX and the Schengen Information System, is also extremely important. The Republic of Croatia plays a very proactive role in this respect because of its specific position and the fact that its borders are at the same time the longest external land borders of the European Union. In this regard, it is necessary to act in a systematic, organised and coherent manner together with all EU Member States in order to prevent any negative impacts of migrant waves.

Koncept male države često se napada u znanosti zbog neprihvaćanja mogućnosti svrstavanja značajki dinamičnog svijeta, pa i država, u kategorije. Različitost primijenjenih kvantitativnih i kvalitativnih kriterija definiranja malih država omogućuje kombiniranje dvaju ili više kriterija, dajući pritom različite definicije malih država. Primjenom dvaju kvantitativnih kriterija, površine i broja stanovnika, u radu je napravljena klasifikacija malih država, koja pokazuje visoku podudarnost malog broja stanovnika i male površine država. Male države, kategorizirane prema primijenjenim kriterijima, čine gotovo trećinu svih svjetskih država, a nalaze se u gotovo svim svjetskim geopolitičkim regijama te su ponajviše nastale procesom dekolonizacije i raspadom višenacionalnih komunističkih federacija. Više od polovine malih svjetskih država čine male otočne države. Bez obzira na međusobne različitosti kod malih je država, posebice otočnih, moguće identificirati više zajedničkih značajki. ; The concept of small states has seldom been challenged in science, because of refusal to accept the possibility of grouping the characteristics of a dynamic world, such as states, into categories. The variability of quantitative and qualitative criteria that have been applied in defining small states open up possibilities of combining two or more criteria, giving us various definitions of small states. By applying two quantitative criteria, area and population, a classification of small states was made, showing high accordance in the number of states with small population and small area. Small states, defined by the criteria that were applied, make up for almost one third of all states in the World. Small states are primarily the result of the decolonization process and the break-up of multinational communist federations. Small island states comprise more than half of all small states in the World. Regardless of their differences, several attributes can be identified that are common to the small states.

Dugo je vremena koncept suvereniteta smatran kamenom temeljcem domaćeg i međunarodnog prava te političke misli. Koncepcija suvereniteta blisko je povezana s koncepcijom države. Bilo je to »normalno« stanje države, u kojem ona ima vrhovnu ili konačnu vlast u unutarnjim političkim i pravnim pitanjima, a svojstvo neovisnosti prema drugim državama. Međunarodnu zajednicu činile su ravnopravne i neovisne države. Danas, na početku 21. stoljeća, koncept suvereniteta izložen je mnogim izazovima, od kojih je najznačajniji proces globalizacije koji je doveo do sve veće međupovezanosti ljudi širom svijeta vidljive na svim poljima: političkim, vojnim, ekonomskim, kulturnim i pravnim. U ovom radu usredotočit ćemo se na pitanje kako globalizacija utječe na državni suverenitet te da ti pregled argumenata korištenih u novijoj literaturi. ; The concept of sovereignty was for a long time considered as one of the cornerstones of national and international law, and of political thought. The concept of sovereignty was closely connected with the concept of the state. It was a »normal« situation of a country where it had supreme or final power in political and legal matters in its domestic affairs, while at the same time it was independent in relation to all other countries. The international community used to consist of equal and independent states. At the beginning of the 21st century, the concept of sovereignty is faced with many challenges, both in theory and in practice. What happens within a country's territory and to its inhabitants is now less a consequence of national politics than the result of international circumstances – the difference between internal and foreign affairs is becoming increasingly vague. Several processes are happening simultaneously: globalisation (the development of information and communication technology; increase in foreign investments, the development of multinational corporations, and strengthening of the international economic and trade organisations' role), the process of European integration, the development of international protection of human rights (the development of cogent rules of international law, humanitarian interventions, the role of transnational non- governmental organisations), and the phenomenon of »failed states«. All the above mentioned has created a need to redefine the concept of sovereignty.

Dugo je vremena koncept suvereniteta smatran kamenom temeljcem domaćeg i međunarodnog prava te političke misli. Koncepcija suvereniteta blisko je povezana s koncepcijom države. Bilo je to »normalno« stanje države, u kojem ona ima vrhovnu ili konačnu vlast u unutarnjim političkim i pravnim pitanjima, a svojstvo neovisnosti prema drugim državama. Međunarodnu zajednicu činile su ravnopravne i neovisne države. Danas, na početku 21. stoljeća, koncept suvereniteta izložen je mnogim izazovima, od kojih je najznačajniji proces globalizacije koji je doveo do sve veće međupovezanos- ti ljudi širom svijeta vidljive na svim poljima: političkim, vojnim, ekonomskim, kulturnim i pravnim. U ovom radu usredotočit ćemo se na pitanje kako globalizacija utječe na državni suverenitet te dati pregled argumenata korištenih u novijoj literaturi. ; The concept of sovereignty was for a long time considered as one of the corner- stones of national and international law, and of political thought. The concept of sovereignty was closely connected with the concept of the state. It was a »normal« situation of a country where it had supreme or final power in political and legal matters in its domestic affairs, while at the same time it was independent in relation to all other countries. The international community used to consist of equal and independent States. At the beginning of the 21st Century, the concept of sovereignty is faced with many challenges, both in theory and in practice. What happens within a country's territory and to its inhabitants is now less a consequence of national politics than the result of international circumstances - the difference between internal and foreign affairs is becoming increasingly vague. Several processes are happening simultaneously: globalisation (the development of information and communication technology; increase in foreign Investments, the development of multinational corporations, and strengthening of the international economic and trade organisations' role), the process of European integration, the development of international protection of human rights (the development of cogent rules of international law, humanitarian interventions, the role of transnational non/governmental organisations), and the phenomenon of »failed States«. All the above mentioned has created a need to redefine the concept of sovereignty.

The first topographic survey of the Habsburg Monarchy was decreed by Maria Theresa 250 years ago, on May 13, 1764. A conference was held on the occasion of the anniversary by the Austrian State Geodetic Administration (BEV – Bundesamt für Eich- und Vermessungswesen) and the Institute for Military Geosciences (IMG – Institut für Militärisches Geowesen) in Vienna on May 13 and 14, 2014. The conference was sort of a time travel through Austrian state surveys. Historical development and methods of the first three state surveys (18th and 19th century) were presented on the first conference day. Lectures were held by representatives of Austrian scientific institutions and new countries of the Monarchy. The second conference day was dedicated to the 4th state survey (20th century) and its impact on civilian and military application and economy. ; Prije 250 godina, nalogom carice Marije Terezije, 13.svibnja 1764. započinje prva topografska izmjera Habsburške Monarhije. Tim povodom je u Beču 13–14. svibnja 2014. održan simpozij u organizaciji austrijske Državne geodetske uprave (BEV – Bundesamt für Eich- und Vermessungswesen) i Instituta za vojne geoznanosti (IMG – Institut für Militärisches Geowesen). Taj jubilarni simpozij bio je svojevrstan vremeplov kroz austrijske državne izmjere. Prvoga dana simpozija prikazani su povijesni razvoj i metode prve tri državne izmjere u 18. i 19. stoljeću. Predavanja su održali predstavnici austrijskih znanstvenih institucija i predstavnici novonastalih zemalja Monarhije. Drugi je dan simpozija bio posvećen 4. državnoj izmjeri u 20. stoljeću te njezinom utjecaju na civilnu i vojnu primjenu i ekonomiju.

Članak problematizira demokratski karakter Države Izrael i uspoređuje ga sa stvarnim stanjem stvari. Proturječnost određenja Izraela kao "židovske i demokratske" države već je u samom začetku stvaranja prouzročila određene karakteristike koje su teško usporedive sa zapadnim liberalnim demokracijama. Izrael se takvim pokušava prikazati usprkos očiglednom nepovoljnom položaju arapske manjine koja danas čini približno 20 posto stanovništva. Taj se položaj izraelskih Arapa odražava ne samo na status manjine u Izraelu već i na geopolitičku situaciju na prostoru Izraela i Zapadne Obale. Status Palestinaca može se iščitati iz svakodnevne političke prakse, ali i iz temeljnih dokumenata i zakonodavstva Države Izrael. Segregacija stanovništva prema vjerskom određenju čini nevidljivi zid unutar samog izraelskog društva. ; The article deals with the declared democratic character of the State of Israel and compares it with the real state of affairs. The contradiction present in the definition of Israel as "Jewish and democratic" has from its very beginning created certain characteristics of the State that are hardly comparable with western liberal democracy. Israel is striving to present itself as such despite the obvious adverse position of the Arab minority, comprising around 20 per cent of the population. This position of the Israeli Arabs reflects itself not only on the status of the minority, but also on the entire geopolitical situation in Israel and the West Bank as well. The status of the Palestinians in Israel can be deducted from the everyday political practice as well as from the fundamental documents and legislation of the State of Israel. The segregation of population according to religion makes for an invisible wall within the Israeli society.

Terorizam je pojava poznata stoljećima. Borba protiv terorizma stara je koliko i sam terorizam. U novije vrijeme ona dobiva i novu dimenziju, ali još uvijek nema uspješne rezultate. Razlog za to može se tražiti i u nemogućnosti postizanja konsenzusa oko defi niranja što je to terorizam i tko su teroristi. Sama se percepcija terorizma promijenila nakon napada na WTC, a time i organi-zacija borbe protiv terorizma. Ta borba danas, u nastojanjima da pobijedi terorističke organizacije, ostavlja dubok trag na institucije i procese u liberalno- -demokratskim državama. Pojedinac je na Zapadu žrtva terorističkih napada, ali istovremeno i žrtva sve veće kontrole i "oslobađanja od slobode" koju provode, u borbi protiv terorizma, legitimno izabrane političke vlasti. Danas postoji velika opasnost od toga da liberalno demokratske države, u interesu obrane od terorizma, počnu provoditi državni terorizam nad svojim slobodnim građanima, a sve u svrhu sigurnosti. ; Terrorism is a phenomenon that has been present for many centuries. The fight against terrorism is as old as terrorism itself. In the new era it takes on a new dimension but still with no successful results. The reason for that can be found in the impossibility of forming a consensus on what terrorism is and who terrorists are. The perception of terrorism has changed after the attack on the WTC and within the organisation of the fight against terrorism. That struggle today, in its efforts to win against terrorist organisations, leaves a deep mark on the institutions and processes in a liberal democratic society. A person in the West can be a victim of terrorist attacks but also a victim of control and deprivation of freedom, which is implemented by legitimate elected political governance, in the fight against terrorism. Today there is a significant danger that a liberal democratic state will become a state of terrorism and take terrorist actions on its citizens and all in the name of security.

The world of sports is a reflection of the world of politics. It is becoming increasingly multipolar with the emerging states hosting mega sporting events. Firstly, the article problematizes the concept of multipolarity and, secondly, globalisation by questioning whether the Olympic Games reinforce national identities and promote national interests by using Olympic diplomacy as a soft power tool. In doing so, the article explores the correlation between the changes in international affairs and the hosting of and participation at the Olympic Games by emerging states such as Brazil, China and Russia. The analysis distinguishes globalisation from the role of the nation-state, by highlighting the evident differences between emerging states in terms of hosting the Games, but also takes into consideration geopolitical and geo-economic parameters. ; The world of sports is a reflection of the world of politics. It is becoming increasingly multipolar with the emerging states hosting mega sporting events. Firstly, the article problematizes the concept of multipolarity and, secondly, globalisation by questioning whether the Olympic Games reinforce national identities and promote national interests by using Olympic diplomacy as a soft power tool. In doing so, the article explores the correlation between the changes in international affairs and the hosting of and participation at the Olympic Games by emerging states such as Brazil, China and Russia. The analysis distinguishes globalisation from the role of the nation-state, by highlighting the evident differences between emerging states in terms of hosting the Games, but also takes into consideration geopolitical and geo-economic parameters.

Jezik je najvažnija ljudska djelatnost koja omogućuje funkcioniranje društva na svim njegovim razinama. Od iznimne je važnosti njegovo komunikacijsko svojstvo pomoću kojega se pripadnici istoga govornoga područja sporazumijevaju i tako izgrađuju novu jezičnu stvarnost. Kao što se sve pojave u političkoj zajednici nastoje urediti i normirati, tako je i s jezikom. I jezik je potrebno normirati i unificirati. Tu je zadaću oduvijek imala država, odnosno vladajuće elite kojima je bilo u cilju organizirati vlast na određenom teritoriju, a jezik se pokazao kao jednim od elemenata kojim se postiže snažna homogenizacija naroda, i to kroz osjećaj pripadnosti, odnosno identifikaciju s jezikom. Ozbiljniji procesi jezičnoga planiranja i jezične politike javljaju se tek u 19. stoljeću s pojavom nacionalnih država. U suvremeno doba tu ulogu preuzimaju javni mediji, a jedan od njih je i dnevni tisak koji utječe na oblikovanje javnoga jezika. U radu se analizira leksik dnevnih novina da bi se uočile i zabilježile određene promjene koje je hrvatski jezik doživio u razdoblju od petnaest godina od uspostave hrvatske države 1991. ; Language is the most important human achievement, enabling functio¬ning of society at its many levels. It enables communication between in¬dividuals from the same language group and builds their linguistic reality. Like all other properties of political societies, language has to be regulated and normed. This was always the realm of states or leading elites that tried to organize governments at certain territories. Language was often used to achieve a strong national homogeneity through feeling of belonging, or iden¬tification with the language. More organized processes of language planning and language politics appear with the establishment of nation states in the 19th century. In modern times the role of the state was taken over by public media, including daily newspapers that influence the formation of public language. In this paper we analyze the lexical forms of daily papers in order to notice and register certain changes that Croatian language experienced in the period of 15 years since the formation of the modern Croatian state in 1991.

Cilj ovoga rada je prikazati rezultate inovacijske izvedbe zemalja članica Europske unije. Najsveobuhvatniji uvid u inovacijsku izvedbu zemalja daju Globalni indeks inovacija, Bloombergov indeks inovacija i Europska ljestvica uspjeha u inovacijama. Navedeni indeksi imaju različite metodologije izračuna inovacijske izvedbe zemalja, a ovisno o vrsti indeksa i metodologiji zemlje ostvaruju različite rezultate. Komparativna analiza indeksa inovacija pokazala je da su, ovisno o vrsti indeksa i metodologiji izračuna, vodeće zemlje svijeta Švicarska i Južna Koreja, a najinovativnije zemlje članice Europske unije Švedska i Nizozemska. Unatoč tome, prema sva tri indeksa i metodologije, neke zemlje članice Europske unije pokazuju slabu inovacijsku izvedbu, poput Hrvatske, Bugarske i Rumunjske. Komparativna analiza predmetnih indeksa upućuje na najslabije karike ekonomije koje je nužno jačati kako bi se poboljšala razina inovativnosti, a posljedično i konkurentnost, zbog čega su navedeni rezultati smjernice vođenja te definiranja ciljeva, prioriteta i mjera inovacijskih politika. ; The aim of this paper is to show the results of the innovation performance of the member states of the European Union. The most comprehensive insight into the innovation performance of countries is provided by the Global Index of Innovation, the Bloomberg Index of Innovation and the European Innovation Success Scale. These indices have different methodologies for calculating innovation performance of countries, and depending on the type of country index and methodology they produce different results. Comparative analysis of the innovation index has shown that, depending on the type of index and methodology of calculation, the leading countries of the world are Switzerland and South Korea, and the most innovative countries of the European Union are Sweden and the Netherlands. Nevertheless, according to all three indices and methodologies some European Union member states show weak innovation performance, such as Croatia, Bulgaria and Romania. The comparative analysis of the indices in question points to the weakest links of the economy that needs to be strengthened in order to improve the level of innovation and, consequently, competitiveness, which is why the listed results represent guiding and defining principles, guideline priorities and innovation policies measures.