The aim of this article is to illustrate some of the mechanisms existing in political discourse which employ emotions and humor as a persuasive means. The study is based on authentic texts produced by Silvio Berlusconi. The importance of emotions and humor in political speech is viewed in the light of changes taking place in public communication due to the development of mass media and Internet, leading to, among others, ever more frequent use of the comical aspect of communication as a method of gaining and maintaining political power. That is why the use of emotions and humor in Berlusconi's speech is analyzed as a strategic choice and a powerful instrument of political struggle. The article highlights the role of emotions and humor in creating a positive self-image of the politician. ; The aim of this article is to illustrate some of the mechanisms existing in political discourse which employ emotions and humor as a persuasive means. The study is based on authentic texts produced by Silvio Berlusconi. The importance of emotions and humor in political speech is viewed in the light of changes taking place in public communication due to the development of mass media and Internet, leading to, among others, ever more frequent use of the comical aspect of communication as a method of gaining and maintaining political power. That is why the use of emotions and humor in Berlusconi's speech is analyzed as a strategic choice and a powerful instrument of political struggle. The article highlights the role of emotions and humor in creating a positive self-image of the politician.
none ; Political communication in Cameroon today The 2011 pluralistic Presidential elections Having passed the whole period of my academic studies in Italy, I strongly desired to return to my African roots in general and more specifically to Cameroon by choosing the above subject for my research work. My studies concentrated primarily on mass media communication, its complexity and how it finds application in Westernized societies. Therefore, travelling back and looking at the complexity of the African territories from an academic point of view was an exceptional opportunity which I accepted with gratitude after years of diploma studies that had kept me away from home. Through my research work on The Political Communication in Cameroon I was able to acquire in depth knowledge on the pillars of political communication: the local mass media (radio, television, print media, etc.), the political system (institutions, political parties, politicians) as well as the electioral system (citizens as voters). The situation of political communication in Cameroon is quite similar to that of many African countries. Typically we find four key elements that characterize the political communication there and still prevent it from functioning effectively. First of all, the mass media of communication in Cameroon are only of marginal importance for the Democratic process. In Westernized societies, by contrast, the mass media are strongly involved and play a key role in social as well as political life of the nations, mainly because of their capacity to influence public opinion and the electors' vote. On a worldwide scale, political communication started developing strongly since the venue/introduction of the television in the '50s. It brought along a shift from Mazzoleni's "pubblicistic dialogic model" and mass media having an insignificant role, to the "model of mediatic political communication" that recognizes the strategic importance of mass communication means for political life. Indeed, it is nowadays the leading concept for ...
This paper aims to rethink the features of 'mediatized' political communication within a 'hybrid media system' in which the social networks accounts of political leaders are becoming increasingly important. Firstly, the paper summarizes the main aspects of 'mediatisation', as it has been analysed in relation to the mass media system. Then, we discuss the concepts of 'disintermediation' and the new forms of 'mediation' specific to social platforms. The analysis shows that 'disintermediation' does not lead to the end of 'mediatization'. On the contrary, we emphasise the need to support the 'mass media logic' based on the interweaving of 'professional norms', 'entertainment', and a 'social logic' built on the 'definition of identity' by selectively sharing online content and exploiting the creative potential of digital media. Politicians now prioritise social media over traditional media to play the role of 'social opinion leaders'. From these hypotheses, we analyse the posts published between January 2019 and March 2019 on the 'matteosalviniofficial' Instagram account. The analysis shows a tendency towards a 'remediation' of traditional contents and a creative use of digital images (which are adapted and modified) to convey a sense of immediacy. Additionally, the use of codes typical of mass media 'mediatization' emerged, but in a context in which they change their strategic role and take on a new communicative function. All these aspects have strengthened the idea that social media, in a relationship of complementarity and interdependence with mass media, steer political communication towards the selection and repetition of a coherent set of identity traits.
This thesis is a collection of three essays about the economics of coordination. Coordination issues arise when, in presence of multiple equilibria, heterogeneously informed agents need to coordinate with each other towards a Pareto-superior outcome. Electoral outcomes, collective decision-making, currency attacks or polit- ical regime changes examples of coordination problems. The first chapter provides a game theoretic analysis of group decision making, investigating how an agent's communication behavior is affected by different voting systems. I show that in an ideal state where communication is noisy but agents can communicate without opportunity costs, agents will always reach unanimous consensus regardless of which voting system governs the deliberative process. I further show that under the more realistic case in which communication involves opportunity costs, voting systems shape an agent's communication behavior. Specifically, when the opportunity costs of communication are low, a voting system based on unanimity approximates the results of the ideal state. Conversely, when communication involves high opportunity costs, a voting system based on majority is more desirable. The second essay is an experimental test of the predictions developed in the first chapter. The experiment is designed to determine how different voting institutions in uence the process of communication of collective decision bodies when communication can be costly. In contrast with the existing literature, I have found that different voting institutions induce different decision outcomes. In particular, a voting system based on unanimity fosters subjects' communication and information sharing. Once subjects choose to communicate, I also have observed that communication unambiguously improves the quality of the decision outcome across each voting rule. The third and final essay provides a political regime-change interpretation of the organized crime phe- nomenon. Under the assumption that the a criminal organization in a society benefits of the support of individuals, I investigate the strategic interplay between a criminal organization and a large number of citizens who might be more inclined to support the criminal organization rather than reporting its illegal activities to the legal authority. Borrowing from the economic literature on coordination and regime change, I model a criminal organization as an autocratic regime and claim that illegal activities are used in order to raise citizens support.
More than forty years have passed since the Lombardy department of the Italian Institute of Castles has studied "The fortified system of lakes in the Lombardy region based on their communication routes" (1974). This research definitively introduced the concepts of "military geography" and "castle studies" ("castellologia" in Italian) in the historiographical debate in Italy. Today, new cartographic and documentary acquisitions, together with updated methodological and disciplinary contributions, necessitate a reinterpretation of the results regarding the lakes of Lombardy. During the entire Spanish age, these real "internal seas" of North Italy represented irreplaceable communication routes and important borders (vary in time) for the dukedom of Milan. For the protection of these borders, there were complex defensive systems which were maintained and integrated, as needed, with the contributions of the principal military engineers of the period. Since the artefacts that made up these systems will be best understood from a strategic point of view, original 3D models of the region support the historiographical analysis.
In December 2018, the European Commission issued a communication entitled Towards a stronger international role of the euro, highlighting the strategic importance of the common currency for the European Union to become a leading global actor. The paper examines some of the key aspects that underpin a strengthened international voice of the European Union and an increased use of the euro abroad and is divided in two parts. The first part is devoted to the external representation of the euro area, focussing on the International Monetary Fund and on international fora such as the G7-8 and the G20. The second part discusses the adoption of the euro as legal tender by third States (euroization) and addresses the issues arising from the unilateral euroization of some accession countries. The paper concludes by arguing that reinforcing the external dimension of the euro is essential for a meaningful shared monetary sovereignty.
The paper analyses Habermas' concept of dramatic action (dramaturgisches Handeln) and its political meaning. In Theory of Communicative Actions Habermas supposes dramatic actions are not communicative, first of all because in this case the artist or the actor would not say the truth about his subjective world and for this reason, these actions are closer to strategic actions; secondly because sentimental communication is not as rational as dialogue and discourse.This paper aims to demonstrate that dramatic actions could be communicative and improve Intersubjectivity, unlike what Habermas maintains with reference to Arendt's communicative concept of Power and to Lyotard's connection to Sentiment and Silence. Trying to develop a definition of sentiments in politics beyond populism, the paper aims to introduce another description of communicative actions in order to acknowledge Sentiments as an importantelement for democracy, because these actions can encourage tolerance and respect for diversity.
"Making Open Access" deals with the strategic theme of the diffusion of scientific knowledge from an open and positive perspective. Open Access has become one of the key objectives of the innovation policies of the European Union and of the main industrialized countries; and it is essential to know its theoretical features and concrete potential. The authors are all professionals active for many years in this field and therefore have the pulse of emerging issues and of the most critical issues, not only from a theoretical-doctrinal point of view. Each of them faces from a different perspective the more general theme of scientific communication and the practical one of how to make Open Access in the current landscape now strongly aimed at digital. The text is completed by a useful appendix with the reference documents, such as the main texts and the rules currently in force at national and international level.
The Alpine passes of the Maritime Alps have always constituted a complex system of communication and transit able to connect the population of the two scope, but, at the same time, able to allow the arrival of the enemy populations. In the case of the roads leading from Turin to the sea, two routes in particular have been the subject of attention from the Savoy House: one along the Tanaro valley leading to Imperia and that along the Roja valley that passes through Tenda and get to Nice. Carlo Emanuele Filiberto di Savoia, until the mid-eighties of the sixteenth century, after having strengthened the major strategic centers, closed these accesses to the sea. The fortress of Ormea, in the Tanaro valley, was a second line of defense on a little protected border until then and was to be the first hurdle for eventual advanced towards the city of Ceva. Tenda and its castle, in Roja Valley, became part of the Savoy dominions only since 1581 when it extinguished the Lascaris family, owner of the village. The study analyzed the events related to the defensive systems of the two centers in the south of Piedmont, studying iconography and military designs drafted by engineers and designers in the House of Savoy service in the second half of the sixteenth century.
[EN] Having lost their function of sighting as an instrument of strategic control, inclusion and protection from presumed pirate invasions, the coastal towers of Calabria Ultra, represented in the Diary of Wonders of the end of the sixteenth century, called Codice Romano Carratelli, will act as the key and device of the gaze that links the land to the expanse of water. A vast geometric, precise and linear system that will connect, through the gaze, the "terracqueo landscape", unstable and multiform, continuously changing. The ninety-nine watercolour maps of the Codice are an immense heritage of clues, traces, geometries and measurements on which to think in order to bring to the surface of the earth, military tactics that have become latent in history as a palimpsest. The use of ancient and modern techniques of survey and graphic representation, want to accompany the contemporary traveler to turn his gaze towards new strategies of "reception", rather than aversion of a silent landscape, where merge and mix. The "stratigraphies of the gaze" are sections perpendicular to the "horizontal plane" of a "living" landscape from which routes, artefacts, signs, traces, fragments of history can be distilled for a widespread cultural regeneration of the territory. The experimental character of this research, recounted in these pages, lies in the application of an innovative strategy of communication and information, based on the creation of cultural routes structured in museums, widespread or located on the coastal landscape of Calabria. ; Fatta, F.; Marraffa, A.; Patanè, C. (2020). Geometrie dello sguardo nel paesaggio calabrese. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 899-906. https://doi.org/10.4995/FORTMED2020.2020.11543 ; OCS ; 899 ; 906
2011 has been a "rose" year for Open Access all over the world, as both the green and the gold ways met with great successes. Due to its social pervasiveness, Open Access is gaining ground within alternative economies and is opening new paths inside the social environment. In 2011 it was increasingly used for support and humanitarian aids worldwide, and acting as a real catalyst for information it involved people and cultures within the social media and the social networks. Its current ramifications are having great impact in the evolution of other open movements like the Open- Data movement, the e-Science's communities, the Open Education Resources (OER) and of newest and fascinating models of modern pedagogy like the so-called Massively Open Courses (MOOC), open online online university courses focused on open access and targeted to the masses. Nevertheless, due to the way scientific communication used to work until a few years ago, there are still a few critical points like the necessity to identify sustainable economic models for scientific publishing, and to find a proper rights' management model together with the consequent allocation of profits within the value chain. Thus, the projects of the Digital Innovation and the policy choices within the research programs of the Commission and the European Union will be strategic in promoting open access in the sense of open innovation, and in working out several critical issues.
Sono passati più di quarant'anni dalle ricerche della sezione lombarda dell'Istituto Italiano dei Castelli su "Il sistema fortificato dei laghi lombardi in base alle loro vie di comunicazione", presentate nel quadro di un importante convegno tenutosi nel 1974. In quell'occasione vennero introdotti definitivamente nel dibattito storiografico in Italia i concetti di "geografia militare" e "castellologia". Oggi nuove acquisizioni cartografiche e documentarie, unitamente a contributi metodologici e disciplinari aggiornati, impongono una rilettura dei risultati riguardanti l'area dei laghi lombardi. Per tutta l'età spagnola, questi veri e propri "mari interni" del Nord Italia rappresentarono per il ducato di Milano insostituibili vie di comunicazione e importanti confini (variabili nel tempo). Per la loro difesa furono predisposti complessi sistemi difensivi che venivano mantenuti e integrati, secondo necessità, con il contributo dei principali ingegneri militari del periodo. A supporto dell'analisi, da un punto di vista strategico, delle logiche insediative che hanno guidato la realizzazione di tali sistemi difensivi, il testo è corredato da modelli 3D originali delle aree considerate. ; More than forty years have passed since the Lombardy department of the Italian Institute of Castles has studied "The fortified system of lakes in the Lombardy region based on their communication routes" (1974). This research definitively introduced the concepts of "military geography" and "castle studies" ("castellologia" in Italian) in the historiographical debate in Italy. Today, new cartographic and documentary acquisitions, together with updated methodological and disciplinary contributions, necessitate a reinterpretation of the results regarding the lakes of Lombardy. During the entire Spanish age, these real "internal seas" of North Italy represented irreplaceable communication routes and important borders (vary in time) for the dukedom of Milan. For the protection of these borders, there were complex defensive systems which were maintained and integrated, as needed, with the contributions of the principal military engineers of the period. Since the artefacts that made up these systems will be best understood from a strategic point of view, original 3D models of the region support the historiographical analysis.
- The area of the GCC is bigger than West Europe. They are one of the major poles of international economy, especially in finance and banking domains. They are the most determining factor in the oil market, not only because of mass production, but also for the reason of their rich resources. - They are newly established countries. Their social-tribal structure and their cultural behavior are not fitting the modern governance. This contrast made and makes a lot of problems that will continue. Their location is one of the most strategic. - Their developments have more external origin than internal, especially from the Arab world: Arab nationalism and Nasserism, the 67 and 73 wars, the 1960's and 70's religious and political developments in Egypt, the Islamic revolution in Iran, the military intervention of US in Afghanistan, the Iran-Iraq war, Kuwait occupation, 11/9, 2003 war, and Arab Spring. And also rise of oil prices, flowage of foreign manpower, vast presence of US military, and rapid modernization. - All these factors strongly affected their cultural and religious attitude. The most Islamic sacred places lie in this region. This reality along with desert and tribal culture caused different reactions since the late 70's. Al-Uteibi and al-Qaeda are good examples, but a large number of their population became extremists and they are now enjoying a great political and financial influence. Certainly, modern communications played a big role. This reality made a new situation in the Arab and Muslim world and even on the international scene. I tried to explain briefly all these developments, including the socio-political stability. It can be done through a clear comprehension of Islamic culture and civilization, Arab peculiarities and their experiences in the modern time, and history of the Arabian Peninsula.
Il mio lavoro compie un excursus sullo spionaggio americano in Italia nel periodo 1943 - 1945 dalla sbarco anglo-americano in Sicilia del 10 luglio '43 che diede inizio alla "campagna d'Italia" alla liberazione dalla Germania del 25 aprile '45, alla luce delle carte dell'Office of Strategic Services (OSS), antesignano della Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), in Italia, quali rinvenute, eminentemente, nei National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) e, precisamente, nel Record Group n. 226 (Records of Office of Strategic Services 1940 - 1946). La ricostruzione delle molteplici missioni condotte dai servizi segreti americani in Italia, nel periodo di interesse, ha confermato e chiarito che l'OSS non fu tanto un servizio strategico, ma un'agenzia operativa a supporto delle Forze Armate americane durante la "campagna d'Italia", i cui compiti consistettero, principalmente, in: - raccolta e trasmissione di informazioni strategiche, inizialmente di natura militare, ma, già nel corso del 1943, sempre più di tipo socio-politico e economico (secret intelligence); - propaganda e istigazione della popolazione a compiere atti di resistenza contro i tedeschi; - sabotaggio del nemico (scorch); - antisabotaggio (anti-scorch); - collegamento con le bande partigiane che combattevano nell'Italia occupata dal nemico; - organizzazione di squadre per il compimento di operazioni (special operations) a sostegno dell'azione militare alleata sulle linee nemiche o in avanscoperta. Inoltre, specialmente, nella fase finale della "campagna d'Italia" l'OSS assunse un ruolo fondamentale nella tutela dell'ordine pubblico e la legalità nel passaggio di poteri dopo l'evacuazione delle regioni del Nord da parte dei nazifascisti. Ben due furono le missioni inviate allo scopo di catturare il Duce vivo che, dopo l'incontro nel palazzo arcivescovile di Milano del 25 aprile, aveva intrapreso il suo ultimo viaggio lungo la sponda occidentale del lago di Como, ma queste agirono, l'una all'insaputa dell'altra e fallirono l'obiettivo. Proprio la fine di Mussolini rappresenta il punto di convergenza delle opposte forze dei servizi segreti alleati operanti nell'Italia del nord: la morte del Duce lasciò i servizi segreti americani, oltremodo, insoddisfatti e delusi per essersi lasciati sfuggire l'ambita preda, tanto che dovettero attivarsi a posteriori per scoprire la verità con l'invio, agli inizi di maggio, di una missione nel Nord dell'Italia capitanata dal colonnello Valerian Lada Mocarski. Al contrario, gli inglesi, bene irreggimentati e assai più disciplinati dei colleghi americani, non solo conferirono ampio mandato ai capi della Resistenza ma li invitarono a "risolvere" la faccenda al più presto possibile e, comunque, non oltre l'ingresso delle truppe alleate a Milano. Pertanto la fine del Duce condensa in sé e, nel contempo, rappresenta il caso emblematico della dicotomia interalleata che connotò di sé la politica anglo-americana in e verso l'Italia, che i servizi segreti alleati contribuirono a definire e attuare. ; The present work makes an excursus on American Intelligence during the period from the 1943 to 1945, from the D- Day of the Allied landing in Sicily on the 10th of July 1943 until the Day of the Italy's liberation from the Hun on the 25th of April 1945, based on the records of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS), the forerunner of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), concerning the American Secret Services' Campaign of Italy, that I have found in National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) at College Park, Marydand, especially in the Records Group no. 226 (Records of Office of Strategic Services 1940 - 1946). The examination of the papers now declassified, concerning the missions accomplished by the American Secret Services in Italy during the period above mentioned, have confirmed and clarified that the OSS wasn't a kind of strategic service but a special operative agency that supported the Allied Armies during the "campaign of Italy". The OSS carried out, mainly, the following activities in Italy: a. secret intelligence, of which the classes were not only military, but also political, psychological and social; b. istigation of the Italian population to carry out acts of resistance against German Forces; b. direct attack on communications and transport in that area of Italy held by the enemy; c. destruction of enemy aircraft on the ground; d. destruction of enemy supply dump; e. anti-scorch; f. special operations in direct support of the 15th Army Group; g. infiltration of agents, supplies and communication equipment and liaison with the patriots in that area of Italy held by enemy. Furthermore, the OSS played a prominent role in the final stage of the "campaign of Italy", especially in order to protect the public order and legality during the power change after the evacuation of Northern Italy by the Germans. Two special missions were sent in order to save the life of Benito Mussolini who had taken his last journey along the western shore of Lake Como, after meeting with the representatives of Committee of Liberation of Northern Italy (CLNAI) in the Archbishop's Palace on Milan. Unfortunately, they acted without any knowledge of each other and were unsuccessful. The Mussolini's death was the converging point of the opposing forces of Allied Secret Services in Northern Italy: the death of the leader of Italian Social Republic (RSI) left the OSS dissatisfied and disappointed because he had missed the coveted prey, so that it had to get active a posteriori to discover the truth and sent another mission in Northern Italy leaded by the colonel Valerian Lada Mocarski at beginning of May 1945. On the other side, the English Special Operations Executive (SOE), much more disciplined than the OSS, not only conferred broad mandate to the leaders of Resistance in Northern Italy, but invited them to "solve the problem" on their own as soon as possible and, anyway, before the entrance of Allied Forces into Milan. Therefore, it has to be pointed that the Mussolini's death concentrates on itself and, in the same time, represents the typical case of the dichotomy of the Anglo - American policy in and towards Italy, that the allied secret services helped to define and implement. ; Dottorato di ricerca in Storia della società italiana XIV-XX secolo (XXIII ciclo)
This research presents results of the last three years collaboration between the Centro di Ricerca ''E.~Piaggio'' and the company Ingegneria dei Sistemi SpA (IDS), on the application of game theoretic algorithms. Based on the results obtained by this research, IDS has decided to investigate the implementation of the proposed system on board of its unmanned vehicles, in order to provide a novel security system to the market. This research proposed the application of a coordinated multi robot system to the problem of asymmetric threat, both in military and civilian scenarios. The problem of detecting and accordingly reacting to an asymmetric threat (Asymmetric threats or techniques are a version of not ''fighting fair,'' which can include the use of surprise in all its operational and strategic dimensions and the use of weapons in ways unplanned) is a challenge both from research and technological points of view. Even though the available surveillance sensors are sufficient to identify and classify asymmetric threats, they are able to give a quick alert only in nominal working conditions. Indeed, adverse weather conditions easily lead to degradation of sensors performance leading to a drastic reduction of the time available for a possible reaction after the detection, identification and classification procedures. The short time--to--reaction may increase the possibility of human errors especially in stressful situations (e.g. an incorrect assessment of the necessary reaction). This research proposes the use of multi--robot coordinated team as autonomous surveillance systems that can guarantee an adequate supervision of the area in any working conditions even though the entire area is not fully monitored at any time instant. Indeed, the mobility abilities of autonomous vehicles can be exploited to deploy the team of robots to monitor the environment and to react to possible intruders. In particular, this research is focussed on the problem of coordinating a team of robots based on partial knowledge of the environment due to limited sensors footprint and communication range. The coordination of the robot must also guarantee the accomplishment of other tasks in a framework in which communication is limited due to security issues or deteriorated communication channels (e.g. underwater scenarios). An example of antagonistic tasks is the monitoring of the area around the main ship while detecting, tracking and herding an intruder toward a safe area. It is worth noting that the marine scenario is only a possible application of the proposed methodology that is valid whenever the goal is to detect, localize and react to any environmental changes of interest, e.g. high variation of temperature, water pollution, terrorists attacks, etc. In this research a unified model has been proposed for the problem under study for different application scenarios such as asymmetric threats protection in marine environments and safety at border crossing points, such as airports. The proposed unified framework is based on the Game Theory. Indeed, it is well known that the particular class of potential games solves several cooperative control problems with a reduced amount of communication between robots. In particular, the considered control problem is transformed into a non--cooperative game where the goal is to reach specific equilibria. Moreover, the case of ``payoff--based'' scenarios, where robots get a reward in the reached regions based on the action performed by other robots, helps in capturing the requirements into the problem formulation. Learning algorithms that can steer the robots toward Nash equilibria are proven to solve partially the problem. In case of a static environment, e.g. fixed area of interest in the scenario, the coverage problem has been largely studied with a game theoretic approach. However, such algorithms are proven to converge to a static configuration maximizing the number of interested area covered by the robot sensors' footprint but are not able to handle a dynamic intruder. On the other hand, in case of dynamic environment, as for asymmetric threat protection, existing algorithms have been only designed to explore the entire area without selecting the sub--regions of major interest or doing it with high communication costs. Concluding, with respect to the state of the art literature, in this research, a game theoretic approach is used to detecting, track and herd a dynamic intruder protecting pre-defined areas. In particular, the work proposes two kind of coordination protocols which are proved to solve the asymmetric threat protection problem. Based on the well--known payoff--based algorithms, the research presents some extension of state--of--the--art coordination protocols which are suitable for dynamic environment. Moreover, the work presents new payoff--based algorithms to deal with the problem of multi--robot coordination in dynamic environment where the robots must accomplish antagonistic tasks simultaneously. For those new algorithms convergence to equilibria is formally proved. Finally, our research is interested in investigating the relationship between the team of guards and the intruder once it has been identified, i.e, the \emph{reaction phase}. Such problem is investigated with the use of a game theoretic framework and, a novel team coordination protocols for the intruder herding problem, is proposed. Such new algorithm solves the problem of steering a team of guards for guiding an intruder towards a restricted area of a known environment. The proposed system, based on the virtual objectives concept, is able to limit the movement of an intruder without communication between robots of the team. Proposed framework has been validated with a Monte Carlo simulation in order to cover a large set of different situations. Based on Monte Carlo simulation, a novel tool, that solves the problem of determine the minimum number of robots contrasting an intruder which is moving in the area, is proposed. Indeed, it can be used to determine the maximum volume to store autonomous vehicles on board. Proposed algorithms have been evaluated against intruders piloted by human, in order to test the robustness of the proposed solution. The proposed game theoretic framework has been tested in real robot experiments thanks to the use of a novel multi--robot system for managing team of robots. Based on the promising results, the proposed model has been extended to cope the asymmetric threat protection problem when sensors are affected by uncertainty on the detection. Video of some validation results are available online (https://youtu.be/emyf4xx-_pY, https://youtu.be/rBs23CNdh8U and https://youtu.be/ODoHY7WgQdc).