Suchergebnisse

U ovome radu su analizirani pokazatelji situacijske efikasnosti ženske rukometne reprezentacije Hrvatske na Europskom prvenstvu 2020. godine u Danskoj, na kojem je nastupilo 16 reprezentacija, podijeljenih u 4 skupine po 4 ekipe. Hrvatska reprezentacija je ukupno odigrala 8 utakmica, ostvarila 6 pobjeda i 2 poraza te osvojila brončanu medalju na Europskom prvenstvu. Ovom analizom obuhvaćeno je 17 igračica ženske reprezentacije Hrvatske (15 igračica i 2 vratarke), podijeljene prema pozicijama koje igraju u napadu te vratarkama. U fazi napada analizirano je 6 varijabli situacijske efikasnosti, dok su kod vratarki analizirane uspješne i neuspješne obrane šuteva upućenih na gol. Tijekom cijelog Europskog prvenstva reprezentacija Hrvatske uputila je na protivnički gol ukupno 340 šuteva sa svih igračkih pozicija u napadu, iz kontre i prolaza, postigla 193 gola, što je realizacija uspješnosti od 57%. Najveći broj udaraca upućen je s pozicije vanjskih igračica 236 šuteva, postignuto je 122 gola, što je uspješnost realizacije od 52%. Najviše golova je postigla vanjska igračica Čamila Mičijević 35 golova ( 4,38 po utakmici). Najbolji postotak šuta imala je kružna igračica Katarina Ježić čak 88%. Treba istaknuti da su u ostvarenju povijesnog uspjeha za ženski rukomet u Hrvatskoj i vratarke dale veliki doprinos, kao i ostatak ekipe ženske rukometne reprezentacije Hrvatske osvojivši brončanu medalju. ; In this study, situational efficiency indicators have been analysed of the Croatian women's national handball team at the 2020 European Championships in Denmark, featuring 16 teams divided into 4 groups of 4 teams. The Croatian national team played a total of 8 games, achieved 6 wins and 2 defeats, thus winning a bronze medal at the European Championships. This analysis has included 17 players of the Croatian women's national team (15 players and 2 goalkeepers), divided according to their offence and goalkeepers' roles. In the offence phase, 6 situational efficiency variables for the players have been analysed, together with ...

Changing the name FC 'Dinamo' into FC 'Croatia,' & all the events connected with that change, are linked with political culture. The study of this correspondence included 403 young respondents who, with the help of semantic differential, assessed FC 'Dinamo,' FC 'Croatia,' the Croatian national soccer team, & the Yugoslav national team. Results show that the connotative meaning of the name 'Dinamo' is much closer to the national identification of Croats than the name 'Croatia.' Thus, the accusations that the advocates of the name 'Dinamo' are enemies of both Croatian independence & the democratic changes have been proved unfounded. Even more unfounded was the way the government treated the issue, which harked back to the treatment of Dinamo supporters at the hands of the former communist Yugoslav regime (they were harassed because of the connotative meaning, ie, national identification). Similarly, in the newly created Republic of Croatia they were harassed because of the denotative meaning attributed to 'Dinamo' (Yugo-communist nostalgia), with which Dinamo fans never identified. 1 Table, 3 Figures, 3 References. Adapted from the source document.

Changing the name FC 'Dinamo' into FC 'Croatia,' & all the events connected with that change, are linked with political culture. The study of this correspondence included 403 young respondents who, with the help of semantic differential, assessed FC 'Dinamo,' FC 'Croatia,' the Croatian national soccer team, & the Yugoslav national team. Results show that the connotative meaning of the name 'Dinamo' is much closer to the national identification of Croats than the name 'Croatia.' Thus, the accusations that the advocates of the name 'Dinamo' are enemies of both Croatian independence & the democratic changes have been proved unfounded. Even more unfounded was the way the government treated the issue, which harked back to the treatment of Dinamo supporters at the hands of the former communist Yugoslav regime (they were harassed because of the connotative meaning, ie, national identification). Similarly, in the newly created Republic of Croatia they were harassed because of the denotative meaning attributed to 'Dinamo' (Yugo-communist nostalgia), with which Dinamo fans never identified. 1 Table, 3 Figures, 3 References. Adapted from the source document.

Occupational and sports medicine (OSM) education is poorly represented in Croatian university undergraduate medical curricula. Zagreb University medical students are required to take OSM classes for a week on their final year of studies. The classes are organised around team-based learning (TBL). Given that students who attend TBL classes have significantly higher exam scores than students who take lectures ex cathedra, the aim of this study was to assess students' knowledge and attitudes immediately after TBL OSM classes. This cross-sectional study included 162 final-year Zagreb University School of Medicine students taking TBL classes in OSM in the academic year of 2019/2020. They were recruited from 30 September 2019 to 4 March 2020. Participants filled in a 20-item questionnaire compiled by the authors and adapted to the Croatian legislation. Their answers demonstrated positive attitude toward OSM classes and negative attitude toward occupational medicine practice and OSM specialty. They showed moderate interest only for the job of sports physician. Even though they showed sufficient knowledge of OSM immediately after the course was completed, they were moderately satisfied with their knowledge. Our findings call for rethinking the practical aspects of teaching OSM classes in order to promote OSM practice among medical students or at least raise awareness about the importance of prevention of numerous work or sport-related disorders. ; Edukacija iz medicine rada i sporta (MRIS) slabo je zastupljena u kurikulima dodiplomskih studija medicine. Studenti medicine na Medicinskom fakultetu Sveučilišta u Zagrebu obvezni su pohađati nastavu iz MRIS-a tjedan dana na posljednjoj godini studija. Nastava je organizirana prema načinu poučavanja u grupi (PUG). Kako studenti koji iskuse PUG imaju bolje rezultate ispita i ocjene u odnosu na studente koji samo pohađaju predavanja, cilj ovog istraživanja bio je procijeniti znanje i stavove studenata odmah nakon nastave iz MRIS-a koja je zasnovana na PUG-u. U ovom presječnom istraživanju sudjelovala su 162 studenta završne godine studija medicine na Medicinskom fakultetu Sveučilišta u Zagrebu koji su iskusili PUG tijekom nastave iz MRIS-a u akademskoj godini 2019./2020. Bili su uključeni u istraživanje od 30. rujna 2019. do 4. ožujka 2020. Sudionici su ispunili upitnik s 20 čestica koji se odnosi na znanje i stavove studenata o MRIS-u. Autori su ga sastavili i prilagodili hrvatskom zakonodavstvu. Rezultati našega istraživanja pokazali su pozitivne stavove studenata prema nastavi iz MRIS-a i negativne stavove prema poslu u medicini rada i specijalizaciji iz MRIS-a. Studenti su pokazali osrednje zanimanje za posao u sportskoj medicini. Iako su pokazali dostatno znanje odmah nakon završetka kolegija, bili su umjereno zadovoljni svojim znanjem iz MRIS-a. Praktični aspekti strategije poučavanja na nastavi iz MRIS-a trebali bi se razmotriti u budućnosti kako bi se promicao rad u MRIS-u među studentima medicine rada i sporta ili barem podigla svijest o važnosti prevencije brojnih poremećaja koji su vezani uz rad ili sport.

Sanitetsko odjeljenje (Sn.O) bataljuna u jednoj od brigada Hrvatske vojske (HV) ustrojeno je tijekom srpnja 1991. godine, postavljanjem referenta Sn.O. Osnovni zadatak bio je kontinuirano izvršavanje zbrinjavanja vojaka u postrojbi bataljuna. S tim u svezi organiziran je rad ambulante opće prakse, stomatološke i ambulante za fizikalnu terapiju. Organiziranje i rad sanitetskih ekipa koje prate vojake na položaju, kao i interventne ekipe pri ambulanti opće prakse. Osim izvršavanja navedenoga Sn.O. bataljuna upućuje ranjene vojake na postoperativnu rehabilitaciju u toplice, kako u Republiku Hrvatsku, tako i u inozemstvo. Ovo Sn.O. pokrenulo je inicijativu glede obeštećenja ranjenih i poginulih vojaka na razini bataljuna. U ambulantama koje pokriva ovo Sn.O. (ambulanta opće prakse, stomatološka i ambulanta za fizikalnu terapiju), vodi se protokol bolesnika i kompjutorska obrada relevantnih pokazatelja zbrinutih vojaka. U Sn.O. bataljuna djeluju: referent sanitetskog odjeljenja, dva liječnika, jedna interventna ekipa sa sanitetskim vozilom pri ambulanti, tri sanitetske ekipe koje prate postrojbu na položaju (ekipe sačinjava: vozač, bolničar, medicinski tehničar i sanitetsko vozilo), jedan liječnik stomatolog i asistent u stomatološkoj ambulanti, jedan fizioterapeut i bolničar u ambulanti za fizikalnu terapiju. Ovdje je, međutim, važno pripomenuti da postrojba o kojoj je riječ po broju vojaka dvostruko premašuje postrojbu normalnog bataljuna, pa je organizacija Sn.O. ove postrojbe nešto drukčija od uobičajene sheme organizacije sanitetske službe (odjeljenja) na razini bataljuna. I, konačno, sanitetsko odjeljenje organiziralo je rad bolničara i medicinskih tehničara od razine voda do satnije, čime je u cijelosti zaokružena organizacija sanitetske službe ovoga bataljuna. ; Medical unit of a battalion in one of the brigades of the Croatian Army has been founded in July 1991 by the appointment of the medical officer. The main task was to perform continously the health care of the members of the battalion. At first, the work of a GP's surgery has been organized as well as that of a dentist's surgery and a surgery for physical therapy. The work of medical teams accompanying soldiers on their positions has also been organized as well as that of an emergency team in the GP's surgery. Besides of these tasks the medical officer of the battalion does also referrals of wounded soldiers to postoperative rehabilitation in rehabilitation institutes or spas both within the Republic of Croatia and abroad. This medical unit has also taken initiative concerning compensations to wounded soldiers or to families of dead soldiers at the level of the batt alion. In surgeries which are parts of this medical unit (GP, dentist, physical therapy) the patients' records are kept as well as the computer analysis of all relevant data about treated soldiers. The members of the medical unit are: the medical officer, two physicians, one emergency team with an ambulance which is a part of the surgery, 3 medical teams who accompany soldiers on their positions (a team consists of a driver, an aidman and a male nurse equipped with an ambulance), a dentist, a dentist's assistant, a physiotherapist and a aidman in the surgery for physical therapy. It is, however, important to remark that the military unit in question has twice inore soldiers than a normal battalion, so that its medical unit differs to some extent from the usual organizational scheme of medical units at the level of a battalion. And finally, the medical unit has organized the activity of aidmen and male nurses at the level of platoons up to the level of companies. In this way the organization of the medical service of this battalion has been rounded off completely.

Following the disintegration of the socialist system in Europe & the end of the bloc-based relations, American politics has changed the course of its operation. In present-day circumstances, southeast Europe is becoming increasingly prominent in American foreign policy projections, particularly during Clinton's administration. Clinton has defined a clear-cut policy towards Europe's southeast due to its vicinity to certain neuralgic points of American engagement (Near East, the Caspian region, the Gulf, eastern Mediterranean). In this way American politics has proved its leading global role. At the time of scarcity of foreign policy events, Clinton's team has thus been served on a platter a major foreign policy arena, in which its engagement -- which has all the symptoms of a long-lasting one -- has not proved too costly. Adapted from the source document.

The author claims that all major efforts concerning European security have always been linked with the end of a war. Thus the end of the Cold War has been marked with the expansion of NATO & an attempt to create a new security. By analyzing the political scope of the expansion, the military & strategic framework, the Russian reactions, & the economic significance, the author comes to the conclusion that the expansion is not conducive to the establishment of an integral system of European security. The purpose of this development by Clinton's team was primarily to outline the new European borders (the key aspect of Clinton's foreign policy) &, in the future, to create the conditions for further expansion & admittance of new members. Only in the remote future, through constant expansion & links with other European organizations, could NATO become the central system of European security. Adapted from the source document.

Sadržaj rada odnosi se na uvodni referat IAIE konferencije, koja je od 17. do 21. rujna 2013. godine održana u Zagrebu. Donosi kraći pregled interkulturalne tematike u području obrazovanja u Hrvatskoj u posljednjih pola stoljeća. Pritom se prije svega polazi od interkulturnog obrazovanja što se u svojim začecima javilo u Hrvatskoj sedamdesetih godina prošloga stoljeća s masovnim ekonomskim migracijama tzv. radnika na privremenom radu u inozemstvu, na prostorima bivše Jugoslavije, kojoj je pripadala i Hrvatska. Obrazovanje djece radnika migranata predstavljalo je tada velik problem kako za zemlje porijekla, tako i zemlje prijema. Zatim se daje pogled stručnog i znanstvenog istraživanja ove teme kroz uključivanje ustanova, timova i pojedinaca u izučavanje interkulturnog obrazovanja na sasvim drugačiji, nego dotadašnji, mahom politički, način. Nekoliko znanstvenih projekata hrvatskih sociologa i pedagoga osobito su pridonijeli rasvjetljavanju ove problematike u Hrvatskoj. Naravno da se tretman interkulturalizma ne gleda isključivo kroz migrantsku prizmu, nego općekulturnu i pedagošku problematiku uređenja, inoviranja i unapređenja školskoga sustava u Hrvatskoj. Takvo zadržavanje interkulturalizam na "domaćem prostoru" daje mu sasvim novu dimenziju i ulazi u nacionalni kurikulum obrazovanja u Hrvatskoj kao inovativni iskorak prema Europi i svijetu. ; The content of the work refers to the introductory paper IAIE conference, which is 17 to 21 September 2013, was held in Zagreb. Presents a brief overview of intercultural topics in the feld of education in Croatia in the last half century. Te frst and foremost is based on intercultural education which is in its infancy occurred in Croatia in the seventies with the mass economic migration so. Workers on temporary work abroad, in the former Yugoslavia, which belonged to Croatia. Education of children of migrant workers constitute such a big problem for the country of origin and the receiving country. Ten he gives a view of professional and scientifc research of this topic through the involvement of institutions, teams and individuals in the study of intercultural education in a different, but until then, mostly political, way. Several research projects Croatian sociologist and educator in particular have contributed to solving the problems of Croatia. Of course the treatment of inter-culturalism is not looking solely through the prism of the migrant, but general community and educational issues of planning, innovation and improvement of the school system in Croatia. Such retention of interculturalism on the "home area" gives it a whole new dimension and enters the national curriculum of education in Croatia as an innovative step forward toward Europe and the world. ; Der Inhalt der Arbeit bezieht sich auf die Einführungspapier IAIE Konferenz, die 17 bis 21 September 2013 wurde in Zagreb statt. Präsentiert einen kurzen Überblick über interkulturelle Temen im Bereich der Bildung in der letzten halben Jahrhundert in Kroatien. Die erste und wichtigste ist auf interkulturelle Bildung basiert, die in ihrer Kindheit so in Kroatien in den siebziger Jahren mit der Masse der Wirtschafsmigration aufgetreten. Die Arbeiter auf der Zeitarbeit im Ausland, im ehemaligen Jugoslawien, die nach Kroatien gehörte. Bildung der Kinder von Wanderarbeitern bilden so ein großes Problem für das Herkunfsland und Aufnahmeland. Dann gibt er einen Ausblick auf berufliche und wissenschafliche Forschung zu diesem Tema durch die Einbeziehung von Institutionen, Teams und Einzelpersonen in der Studie der interkulturellen Bildung in einem anderen, aber bis dahin, vor allem politische, Art und Weise. Mehrere Forschungsprojekte kroatische Soziologe und Pädagoge haben insbesondere auf die Lösung der Probleme von Kroatien beigetragen. Natürlich ist die Behandlung von Interkulturalität sucht nicht nur durch das Prisma des Migranten, sondern allgemeine Gemeinschaf und pädagogische Fragen der Planung, Innovation und Verbesserung des Schulsystems in Kroatien. Eine solche Speicherung von Interkulturalismus auf der "Heimat" gibt es eine ganz neue Dimension und in den nationalen Lehrplan der Ausbildung in Kroatien als innovativer Schritt nach vorn in Richtung Europa und der Welt.

Cilj je ovoga rada bio produbiti razumijevanje socijalnih utjecaja na intrinzičnu motivaciju mladihnogometaša. Istraživanje je provedeno na uzorku nogometaša kadetskoga i juniorskog uzrasta, dobiod 15 do 18 godina (N = 152). Prikupljeni podatci uključivali su procjene rukovodećega ponašanjatrenera, motivacijske klime u nogometnim ekipama i intrinzične motivacije za bavljenje nogometom. Rezultati istraživanja pokazali su da je pozitivne interkorelacije mjera procjena specifičnih pozitivnih ponašanja trenera (trening i instrukcije, demokratsko ponašanje, socijalna podrška i pozitivna povratna informacija) moguće objasniti latentnim faktorom koji smo nazvali pozitivno ponašanje trenera. Pozitivne interkorelacije mjera procjena specifičnih negativnih ponašanja trenera (autokratsko ponašanje, neosjetljivost za osobnu dobrobit sportaša, negativna povratna informacija i usmjerenost na rezultat) moguće je objasniti latentnim faktorom koji smo nazvali negativno ponašanje trenera. Provedena je hijerarhijska regresijska analiza u kojoj je prvi blok uključivao pozitivno i negativno ponašanje trenera, a drugi motivacijsku klimu usmjerenu k usavršavanju. Objašnjeno je 22 % varijance u rezultatima na mjeri intrinzične motivacije mladih nogometaša, pri čemu se statistički značajnim negativnim prediktorom pokazalo negativno ponašanje trenera, a pozitivnim motivacijska klima usmjerena k usavršavanju. Analize mehanizma djelovanja ponašanja trenera na intrinzičnu motivaciju pokazale su da je pozitivno ponašanje trenera imalo na intrinzičnu motivaciju neizravan pozitivan efekt posredovan motivacijskom klimom usmjerenom k usavršavanju. Negativno ponašanje trenera imalo je izravan i manjim dijelom neizravan negativan efekt posredovan motivacijskom klimom usmjerenom k usavršavanju. ; The aim of this study was to deepen the understanding of social influences on intrinsic motivation of young male football players, aged 15–18 years (N = 152). We measured coaching behaviours, motivational climate in football teams, and intrinsic motivation ...

U prilogu se opisuju ciljevi i metodologija istraživanja znanstvenoistraživačkoga projekta Engleski jezik u Hrvatskoj. Ističe se da su razlozi za pokretanje i provođenje projekta vezani uz potrebu da se politika učenja stranih jezika počne koncipirati na temelju znanstveno verifi ciranih pretpostavki, a ne – kao do sada – na temelju proizvoljne i neprovjerene intuicije i stavova pojedinaca. Autorice, od kojih je jedna i voditeljica projekta, također detaljno opisuju razloge za izbor instrumenata koji su korišteni u projektu. Korištenje baterije mađarskih testova i upitnika objašnjavaju sličnošću društveno-obrazovnih konteksta u dvjema zemljama, mogućnošću komparativnih studija i činjenicom da preuzeti testovi ispituju komunikacijsku kompetenciju učenika na europskim referentnim stupnjevima A2 i B1, razinama koje su propisane i hrvatskim nacionalnim kurikulumom. U radu se opisuje predtestiranje preuzetih instrumenata i iznose rezultati toga postupka. Osim novih spoznaja o statusu engleskoga jezika u Hrvatskoj, autorice navode i niz dodatnih rezultata vezanih uz razvijanje istraživačkih kompetencija u ovome području znanstvenih propitivanja. ; The paper focuses on the aims and research methodology of the Croatian national project English in Croatia. The authors, one of whom headed the research team, point out that reasons for such a project are connected with the need to conceptualise FL education policies on the basis of research-based insights instead of what has been common practice up to now – on unverifi ed individual intuitions. The authors also explain at length the choice of measuring instruments used in the project. They stress that the Hungarian battery of tests used represent measures validated in a similar socio-educational context, that they make possible comparative studies of the same phenomena and that the communicative tests in the battery, aiming at the CEFR A2 and B1 levels, coincide with the language communicative competence set out by the Creational national curriculum. The paper offers a ...

Analiziran je rad zdravstvene djelatnosti HV Zbornog područja Osijek, u periodu od 01. 07. 1991. do 01. 09. 1993. godine. Kao i cijela HV, vojno zdravstvo osnovano je tijekom rata, jer u okviru tadašnje Jugoslavije Hrvatska nije mogla imati vlastitu vojsku, dakle ni sanitetsko osiguranje. U početku je, stoga, taj posao preuzelo civilno zdravstvo. Isto je obavljano putem mobilnih kirurških ekipa, odnosno oponašanjem rada civilne službe hitne pomoći. Postojao je čitav niz objektivnih poteškoća, kao što su nedostatak opreme, školovanog vojnosanitetskog kadra i iskustva u organiziranju i funkcioniranju isključivo vojnog saniteta. Uz 75 poginulih, ranjenih i nestalih pripadnika zdravstva HV Zbornog područja Osijek, te uz 43 uništena i 20 oštećenih sanitetskih motornih vozila, registrirano je i zbrinuto 145.410 bolesnih stanja u pripadnika HV Zbornog područja Osijek, pri čemu su povrede i njihove posljedice činile 14,6% (21.767 slučajeva). U tijeku je prelazak u mirnodopski ustroj koji, za sada, ima prijelazni karakter ovisan o ekonomskoj snazi Republike Hrvatske. ; The work of the Croatian Army medical service of the Osijek Military District between July 1, 1991 and September 1, 1993 was analized. In the former Yugoslavia, Croatia was not allowed to have its own army. Therefore, the national armed force and medical corps had to be formed during the war against Croatia. Medical support to army units was initially provided by civil medical service, i.e. by mobile surgical teams performing their tasks on the model of civilian ambulatory service. Numerous objective obstacles, such as the lack of equipment, qualified military medical professionals and experience in the organization and function of army medical corps were encountered. Seventy-five of the Osijek Military District medical service were killed, wounded or missing. There were 145,410 recorded and treated cases of various diseases, 21,767 (14,6%) of which were war wounds. Forty-three medical vehicles were demolished and 20 damaged. At present, transformation of Croatian Army (CA) to peacetime organization is under way.

Provedena znanstvena istraživanja upozorila su na visoke troškove ispunjavanja carinske obveze u Republici Hrvatskoj. Oni su, između ostalog, uzrokovani problemima vezanim uz carinsko osoblje te vrijeme trajanja carinskih postupaka. Kako je Carinska uprava bitan čimbenik u reguliranju odnosa u međunarodnoj trgovini i prometu robom između Republike Hrvatske i inozemstva, mora postići veću efikasnost koja će se ogledati u većoj brzini i pouzdanosti u provođenju postavljenih zadaća. Osim toga, pridruživanje Hrvatske Europskoj uniji imat će kao posljedicu pojavu konkurentskih uvjeta za hrvatsku carinsku službu za to što tvrtke iz država članica mogu birati mjesto gdje će provoditi carinske postupke, čime joj se postavljaju novi standardi poslovanja. Istraživanje organizacije hrvatske carinske službe rezultiralo je utvrđivanjem osnovnih nedostataka i kritičnih elemenata u njezinu radu. Predlaže se redefiniranje provođenja procesa osnivanjem procesnih timova prema izvršenju carinskog postupka kroz koordinaciju procesnih aktivnosti te primjenom centraliziranog sustava upravljanja rizicima. Time je moguće postići ekonomičniji način oblikovanja radnih procesa i skraćivanje vremena potrebnog za obavljanje carinskih postupaka. ; Scientific researches indicated high costs of customs compliance in Croatia, caused – among others – by problems connected with customs servants and duration of customs procedures. Customs Directorate presents an important factor in international trade and transit of goods between Croatia and foreign countries. It must achieve higher level of efficiency in a sense of faster and more reliable performances. Along with that, one of the consequences of accession of the Republic of Croatia to the European Union will be occurrence of competition, because companies from the European Union can choose place or country in which they will clear their goods. That will set up new standards of doing business. Researches of the Croatian customs service organization have emphasized basic lacks and critical elements of the existing business processes. Because of that, redefinition of such processes by forming process teams for executing clearance through coordination of process activities and by application of centralized system of risk management has been suggested in the paper. In that way it is possible to achieve more economy and faster customs clearances processes.

Provedba inkluzivnog odgoja i obrazovanja mora biti opća politika i praksa, a kako bi se unaprijedila u određenoj mikro regiji bilo je potrebno istražiti stavove učitelja i nastavnika Ličko-senjske županije o dosadašnjem iskustvu, oblicima i načinima rada sa učenicima s posebnim potrebama. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da učitelji osnovnih škola ove županije imaju umjerene do krajnje pozitivne stavove o provedbi inkluzije, dok srednjoškolski nastavnici pokazuju veće nezadovoljstvo procjenom inkluzivne prakse u svojim školama. Inkluzivna praksa u školama u ovoj županiji je općenito vrlo dobra. Međutim, rezultati pokazuju nedostatno formalno obrazovanje učitelja i nastavnika u sadržajima vezanim za poučavanje učenika različitih sposobnosti, što nastoje nadoknaditi različitim stručnim usavršavanjima. Većina ispitanih učitelja i nastavnika ima potporu u radu s ovim učenicima te dobru suradnju sa stručno-razvojnom službom škole. Darovite i talentirane učenike usmjeravaju na dodatne izvanškolske i izvannastavne aktivnosti, kao i na posebne oblike školovanja. Učitelji i nastavnici s manje formalnog obrazovanja za rad sa učenicima s posebnim potrebama usmjereniji su na metodičko-didaktičke aspekte rada s njima. ; All-inclusive education should be deeply rooted into the policy and practice of the educational system. In order to develop it further in certain micro regions it was necessary to research teachers from Lika and Senj County attitudes towards previous experiences, forms and manners of teaching practice with pupils with special needs. Main results of this research show that primary school teachers in this County have moderate to very positive attitudes on the implementation of inclusion; while secondary school teachers show higher degree of dissatisfaction when evaluating implementation of inclusion practice in their schools. The results indicate overall very good inclusive practice in this County. On the other hand, the results indicate insufficient formal teacher training in ways of teaching pupils with different abilities, which teachers try to compensate with various additional professional training. Most teachers in this County have support regarding special needs pupils, as well as good cooperation with the professional development team in the school. Gifted pupils are streamlined to take up additional activities and special forms of education by teachers. Teachers who have less professional training in working with these pupils tend to be more inclined toward methodically didactic teaching approach.

This paper is a summary of a report section produced for LUCIDE (Languages in Urban Contexts: Integration and Diversity in Europe) project and network, funded by the EU Commission Lifelong learning programme 2011–2014, based on the collected primary and secondary data. This summary focuses on multilingualism in mainstream education. The full report addresses multilingualism in several other areas: public, economic, private sphere and urban spaces. It is available on: www.urbanlanguages.eu. Considering the size, population and complexity of London, our specific focus is on one local authority (out of an existing 33): the City of Westminster, geographically the heart of this metropolis. Westminster is in many ways representative of London language trends. It shows some of the most prominent features of multilingualism in London: an extraordinary linguistic variety with a wide distribution of languages, where no one language is dominant. The aim of this research is to gain insights into experiences of multilingual learners in London in regards to: education practice and relevant policies. Primary data was collected by a team of four researchers who consulted 82 professionals relevant to the identified spheres of practice. The methods used were interviews and questionnaires. The sampling was purposive in terms of relevant professions: education, social work, public services, police and finance and business sector professionals. The theoretical framework used to develop our approach is the typology of language use, which distinguishes: symbolic, pragmatic and authoritative language use. ; Ovaj je članak sažetak izvješća koje je napravljeno za LUCIDE (Languages in Urban Contexts: Integration and Diversity in Europe; Jezici u urbanim kontekstima: integracija i raznolikost u Europi) projekt i mrežu. Projekt je financiran iz Programa Europske unije za cjeloživotno učenje 2011.-2014., temeljem prikupljenih primarnih i sekundarnih podataka. Ovaj se sažetak fokusira na višejezičnost u osnovnoškolskom obrazovanju. Cjelovito izvješće govori o višejezičnosti u nekoliko ostalih područja: javnoj, gospodarskoj, privatnoj sferi te urbanim prostorima (dostupno na: www.urbanlanguages.eu) S obzirom na veličinu, stanovništvo i složenost Londona u radu je posebna pažnja usmjerena na lokalnu jedinicu (od postojeće 33): grad Westminster koji je zemljopisno srce ove metropole. Westminster je na mnogo načina predstavnik jezičnih trendova u Londonu. To pokazuje neke od najistaknutijih obilježja višejezičnosti Londona, kao što je izvanredna lingvistička raznolikost sa širokom rasprostranjenošću jezika, pri čemu niti jedan jezik nije dominantan. Cilj ovog istraživanja je stjecanje uvida u iskustva višejezičnih učenika u Londonu s obzirom na obrazovnu praksu i relevantne politike. Primarne podatke prikupio je tim od četiri istraživača koji su konzultirali 82 stručnjaka relevantna za identificirana područja prakse. Korištene su metode intervjuiranja i anketiranja. Uzorkovanje je svrhovito obuhvaćalo relevantne struke: obrazovanje, socijalni rad, javne službe, policiju i financije te stručnjake iz poslovnog sektora. Teorijski okvir za razvoj ovog pristupa je tipologija uporabe jezika koja razlikuje: simboličku, pragmatičnu i autoritativnu primjenu jezika.

Ideja menadžmenta ima u stanovitom smislu univerzalno značenje zbog čega se primjena te ideje široko rasprostranila, a našla je mjesto i u institucijama odgoja i obrazovanja, i to najviše kao organizacijski menadžment, menadžment ljudskih potencijala, menadžment razina (1. najviša — ciljevi, dugoročno planiranje i organizacija, 2. srednja — kontrola operativnih postupaka i programi potpore ciljevima, 3. najniža — interpretacija ciljeva, politika programa), strategijski menadžment (dugoročno), i menadžment funkcija (koliko funkcija toliko menadžment programa). Menadžerske funkcije odnose se na ono što valja postići, a to su najčeπće planovi, strategije, dobra organizacija, kvalitetno vođenje i uspješna kontrola. Slijedi da se na pedagoški menadžment može gledati kao na upravljanje mrežom i hijerarhijom sustava (vrtić, grupa — škola, razred). Posebnost vođenja i upravljanja odgajatelja, razrednika i nastavnika može se razmatrati kao pedagoška uloga odgajatelja u vođenju i upravljanju, pedagoška uloga razrednika u vođenju i upravljanju, administrativni poslovi, planiranje i programiranje rada voditelja tima (razrednika), pripremanje i vođenje sjednica vijeća, suradnja s ostalim članovima vijeća, suradnja s roditeljima i sl. ; The idea of management in a certain way has a universal meaning, causing the wide spreading of this idea, which also found its place in the educational institutions, primarily as organizational management, human resources management, levels management (1. the highest level — objectives, long-term planning and organization; 2. the intermediate level — the control of operative procedures and objective supporting programs; 3. the lowest level — objectives interpretation, program policy), strategic management (long-term) and function management (the number of functions corresponding to the number of management programs). The management functions concern the purposes to be achieved, which are usually plans, strategies, good organization, quality leadership and successful control. Therefore, it follows that the educational management can be viewed as management of the system network and hierarchy (kindergarten, group — school, class). The specificity of leadership and management in case of kindergarten teachers, form-masters and teachers can be discussed as the pedagogical role of the kindergarten teacher in the leadership and management, the pedagogical role of the form-master in the leadership and management, administrative work, the team leader's (form-master's) work planning and programming, preparation and chairing of teaching-staff conferences, cooperation with other teaching-staff members, cooperation with parents, etc. ; Die Idee des Menagements hat im gewissen Sinne eine universelle Bedeutung, weshalb die Anwendung dieser Idee weit verbreitet ist und ihren Platz auch in den Bildungs-und Erziehungsanstalten fand. Dabei handelt es sich meistens um Organisationsmanagement, Management von menschlichen Potenzialen, Management von Ebenen (1. höchste — Ziele, langfristige Planung und Organisation, 2. mittlere — Kontrolle der Operatiomalisierungsverfahren und Programme zur Unterstützung der Zielsetzungen, 3. niedrigste — Interpretation von Zielsetzungen, Programmpolitk), strategisches Management (langfristig) und funktionales Menagement (für jede Funktion ein Managementprogramm). Die Funktionen des Managements beziehen sich auf das zu Erreichende, und das sind am häufigsten Pläne, Strategien, gute Organisation, gute Leitung und erfolgreiche Kontrolle. Daraus folgert, dass das pädagogische Management als eine Art der Verwaltung von Netzen und hierarchisch aufgebauten Systemen (Kindergarten, Gruppe — Schule, Klasse) betrachtet werden kann. Die Besonderheit der Führungs-und Leitungsrolle von Erziehern, Klassenlehrern und Lehrern kann unter verschiedenen Gesichtspunkten besprochen werden: pädagogische Erzieherrolle in der Leitung und Verwaltung, pädagogische Klassenlehrerrolle in der Leitung und Verwaltung, administrative Aufgaben, Planung und Programmierung der Arbeit von Teamleitern (Klassenlerern), Planung und Leitung von Sitzungen der Lehrerkonferrenz, Mitarbeit mit anderen Mitgliedern der Lehrerkonferrenz, Mitarbeit mit den Eltern usw.