Suchergebnisse

В публикации приведен документ из фонда штаба Отдельного корпуса жандармов, раскрывающий взгляд генерал-лейтенанта барона Г.П. фон Медема на полицейскую стражу, а также его проект реформы нового государственного учреждения. В первой части документа Г.П. фон Медем описывает полицейскую стражу Вятской, Казанской и Пермской губерний, проверяющим которых он выступил в феврале–марте 1906 г. Автор рапорта весьма скептически смотрит на перспективы развития революционного движения в Поволжье и на Урале, а организованную на новых началах полицейскую стражу и дислоцированные в губернии войска рассматривает в качестве ключевой меры для его сдерживания. Во второй части документа речь идет о тех мерах, которые, по мнению жандарма, необходимо предпринять для улучшения положения стражи. Данные предложения выходят далеко за пределы простых указаний губернаторам о необходимости устранения выявленных в ходе проверок недостатков. Реализация подобных мер потребовала бы радикального пересмотра законодательства о полицейской страже и передачи ее из-под контроля общей полиции и губернатора в ведение губернского жандармского управления. Достаточно много внимания в публикуемом документе уделено предложениям Г.П. фон Медема по изменениям в организации полицейской конницы. Однако высказанные в рапорте инициативы не заинтересовали министра внутренних дел, который сосредоточился лишь на частном вопросе недостаточного снабжения полицейской стражи фуражным довольствием. Во вступительной части освещены историографические аспекты темы, жизненный путь барона Г.П. фон Медема, введение полицейской стражи в Российской империи, характеристика корпуса источников, к которому относится публикуемый документ, и специфика передачи текста документа.
The publication reproduces a document from the fonds of the headquarters of the Separate Corps of Gendarmes. The document reveals the views of Lieutenant General Baron G.P. von Medem on the police guard and contains his proposal to reform the new government agency. In the first part of the document, G. von Medem describes the police guards of Vyatka Governorate, Kazan Governorate, and Perm Governorate, which he inspected in February–March 1906. The author of the report is very skeptical about the prospects for the development of the revolutionary movement in the Volga region and the Urals and considers the police guard organized on a new basis and the troops stationed in the governorate as a key measure to contain it. The second part of the document deals with the measures that must be taken to improve the situation of the guards, in the opinion of the gendarme. These proposals go far beyond simple instructions to the governors to eliminate the shortcomings identified during the inspections. The implementation of such measures would require a radical revision of the legislation on the police guard and its transfer from the control of the general police and the governor to the governorate gendarme department. In the published document, G. von Medem pays much attention to the proposals on changes in the organization of the police cavalry. However, the initiatives expressed in the report did not interest the Minister of Internal Affairs, who focused only on the specific issue of insufficient supply of the police guards with forage. The introductory part highlights the historiographical aspects of the topic, the life of Baron G. von Medem, the introduction of the police guard in the Russian Empire, the characteristics of the corpus of sources to which the published document belongs, and specific features of the reproduction of the text of the document.

This article is focused on the connection between extracurricular sports and alcohol consumption among students in vocational schools (VS). Data collected in 2014 contains information on engagement in individual and team sports and frequency of alcohol consumption by students from vocational schools in St.-Petersburg (29 schools, 2935 students, 77% of them being boys with an average age of 17). Analysis with logistic regressions demonstrates that the effect of extra-curricular sports on drinking is rather low. The main conclusions are: (1) patterns of alcohol consumption are different for boys and girls; (2) team sports are positively related to frequency of drinking; (3) there are no gender differences in the relations between team sports and drinking; and (4) reaching the legal drinking age (18 years old) is more strongly associated with drinking than engaging in team sports. Future studies of adolescent risk behavior are necessary to understand whether these results are unique for extracurricular sports activities or common for all extracurricular activities which involve teams.

Professional sports are of high social importance. Questions of the socio-economic efficiency of professional sports remain topical. State participation in financing professional sports teams in team sports in today's conditions cannot be replaced in the short term with sponsorship funding. Therefore, the system of subsidizing their activities through contracts with non-commercial partnerships, one of the founders of which is the state authority of the constituent entity of the Russian Federation, is currently considered optimal. The social effect obtained from the activities of professional sports organizations, including sports teams in playing sports, is assessed, as a rule, positively. The achievements of the region's athletes on the all-Russian and international arena contribute to the enhancement of the region's status and serve as a source of pride for its residents.

The article examines the results of the football reform in Russia associated with the change of the season of the Premier League championship. The data analysis shows a decrease in the level of competitive balance in Russian football after the calendar reform. The change in the degree of economic inequality of clubs at the same time, calculated on the basis of the transfer cost of clubs, showed that this inequality could not be the reason for the decrease in the level of competition. On the basis of the correlation and regression analysis, a positive correlation between the indicators of the national championship and the rating of the national team was established. Thus, we can talk about the negative impact of the calendar reform on the success of the Russian national team.

This article presents experience of innovative implementation of a role play "Relations between Chemistry and Other Natural Sciences and Mathematics: Issue of Leadership between Sciences" in Master's studies. Use of this method facilitates business communications, sustains mental activity of the participants, provides team building and prepares conditions for creative thinking.

In the proposed material, the author's team, as in some other similar articles, continues to analyze the topic of redundancy and the professionally applied nature of the training of athletes and athletes. The relevance of such an analysis is based on numerous precedents and attempts to pass one off as another, building a bridge on this supposedly natural and continuous transition from a sports career to career growth in other professional areas of labor and military practice that are not directly related to the sphere of physical culture and sports. Which often leads to sad consequences.
The demonstration of the fundamental differences between redundancy and the professionally applied nature of physical culture and sports training with examples from the field of boxing, taekwondo, practical shooting clearly confirms the correctness of the argumentation and conclusions of the authors of the article. At the same time, the material of the article indicates the possibility and necessity of developing this topic for the preparation of athletes and athletes not only for military or service, but also for civilian labor professional activity. Consequently, the topic chosen by the author's team has a continuation in the field of development of professionally applied sections of physical culture and sports training in non-core domestic universities.

Purpose: To summarize, organize, and clarify the available scientific literature, theoretical approaches to the phenomenon of social identity with the sociopsychological and sociological positions. Methodology: a theoretical analysis of scientific sources. Scope of the results: Identified in the theoretical analysis of the sociopsychological interpretation of the phenomenon of social identity: its structure, and specific types of manifestations, may be useful in explaining the many problems in the life of the individual groups and teams, in general, the social environment, which traditionally are in the field of view sociology.

В статье представлены результаты работы команды преподавателей и студентов факультета физико-математического образования, информатики и технологий Чувашского государственного педагогического университета им. И. Я. Яковлева по внедрению проектного обучения в вузе. Технология проектного обучения, ориентированная на развитие у студентов профессиональных и личностных навыков, а также умений решать сложные задачи в команде, рассматривается как важная часть организации учебного процесса. Такая технология помогает студентам критически мыслить, развивает у них навыки поиска информации и умение использовать ее в своих проектах. Среди особенностей технологии проектного обучения выделяются: самостоятельный выбор проекта; работа в команде; открытость процесса; ориентация на реальные проблемы (проекты, над которыми работают студенты, должны быть связаны с реальными проблемами и вызовами). Проходя весь путь реализации жизненного цикла образовательного проекта, студенты выступают инициаторами идей, в ходе которых пробуют себя в качестве помощника руководителя или участника команды. Однако для успешного проектного обучения необходимо правильно организовать этот процесс, создать подходящую образовательную среду и обеспечить необходимые ресурсы и поддержку. Автором выделяются ключевые аспекты и условия реализации технологии проектного обучения, ориентированные на творческую самореализацию личности студента. В статье приводятся практические аспекты и примеры успешной реализации технологии проектного обучения.
The article presents the result of the work of a team of teachers and students of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics Education, Computer Science and Technology of I. Yakovlev CHSPU associated with the introduction of project-based learning at the university. The technology of project-based learning that focuses on the development of students' professional and personal skills, as well as the ability to solve complex problems in a team, is considered an important part of the educational process organization. This technology helps students to think critically, develop their skills of information search and the ability to use it in their projects. Among the features of project-based learning technology are independent project selection; teamwork; openness of the process; orientation to real problems: projects that students are working on should be related to real problems and challenges. Going all the way through the implementation of the life cycle of an educational project, students initiate ideas, during which they try themselves as an assistant manager or a team member. However, for successful project-based learning, it is necessary to properly organize the process, create a suitable educational environment and provide the necessary resources and support. The author highlights the key aspects and conditions for the implementation of project-based learning technology, focused on the creative self-realization of the student's personality. The article presents practical aspects and examples of successful implementation of project-based learning technology.

This article analyzes the socio-psychological climate of the management structure of the State Service for Combating Economic Crimes under the Government of the Kyrgyz Republic, using a sociological survey. The socio-psychological interaction of the team, which in turn affects the results of production and social performance and predetermines the nature of the internal and external environment of the public service, is determined. The socio-psychological climate of the labor collective is influenced by many objective and subjective factors. Firstly, it is possible to single out the factors of the external and internal environment of this service. The factors of the external environment are identified as social, economic and political situation, level and conditions of life, culture.

This article provides information about one of the main functions of management. The answer to the most important question was received: «Why do people need motivation?» The main theoretical material on this topic is considered, which can help students and teachers become better acquainted with this problem. Also the concepts of motive and incentive are considered, which are directly related to motivation. Various points of view of scientists on this problem are presented. Different aspects of motivation are considered, which have strong influence and impact on the work of the entire production or the enterprise. The conclusion showed that this topic would always be relevant. A person should strive to achieve his goals and desires. The success of the whole team or the whole enterprise will always depend on the presence of motivation. Leaders have a responsibility to incentivize their employees if they are interested in the prosperity and development of their business.

The article presents the results of an empirical study on how managers and subordinate staff conform to prescribed gender characteristics. Materials on gender psychology and sociology written by both Russian and foreign authors were used. The meaning of the terms "gender" and "gender characteristics" were more clearly spelled out, while separating the concepts "sex" and "gender" from each other. The authors specified the characteristics of managers and subordinate personnel of either sex in the city of Tyumen, while defining the degree of femininity, masculinity and androgyny in each group using the Bem Sex-Role Inventory. The respondents' answers concerning the role and place of gender stereotypes in the workplace were analyzed; generalized characteristics of managers of either sex were compiled based on the answers they provided, while taking into account the respondent's sex. When conducting research, the gender characteristics, qualities and skills inherent to each sex (regardless of whether they hold a managing or subordinate position) were ranked. Peculiarities inherent to managers from the city of Tyumen associated with handling a team of employees were determined. It was established that women more often than men possess and broadcast gender stereotypes based on traditional attitudes. Despite this, a tendency towards moving away from traditional gender mindsets and behavior was noticed among both subordinate staff and management, due to them conflicting with work conduct. Researchers recognized that in reality subordinate staff tends to fall in line with prescribed gender characteristics to a greater extent than management. An assumption was made that gender characteristics appear to be more pronounced among managers due to the fact that their personality has a more considerable effect on their actions than is the case with subordinate staff. A conclusion is drawn on the need to further study the phenomenon of androgyny among managers. A recommendation is given for applying the existing practical sociological methods, as well as an adapted socio-psychological set of instruments for each enterprise in particular, since one must consider the balance of androgyny, femininity and masculinity in any given team of employees when choosing the means and methods of administrative action when it comes to developing, approving and implementing management solutions, as well as appropriate conduct in conflict situations.

The sanctions issue is one of the most urgent and acute topics on the international agenda. However, despite huge attention from the academic community, it is sluggishly inscribed in the broader theoretical layer of the science of international relations. In this study, an attempt is made to outline the theoretical and methodological framework for the study of the sanctions agenda from a new angle – from the point of view of the constructivist concept of "normative entrepreneurship". The model proposed by the authors for understanding the promotion of the sanctions initiative in unfriendly countries consists of three fundamental elements: maintaining information noise on sanctions issues, feeding a constant discussion about the effectiveness of sanctions policy and lobbying for individual sanctions initiatives. The team of authors believes that their model, due to its institutional formation, can be extrapolated not only to Russia, but also to China, as well as other countries against which the United States, the EU and their partners are pursuing a sanctions policy.

С учетом анализа и обобщения научно-методической литературы, интернет-ресурсов, опыта собственной научно-педагогической и спортивной деятельности автором усовершенствована и обоснована система формирования компетенций студентов педагогического университета в области физической культуры и спорта, основанная на информационных и цифровых технологиях. В частности, выявлены узкоспециализированные (мобильные приложения Strava, «Беговой трекер Leap: бег, GPS карта, ходьба», Nike Training Club) и универсальные «сквозные» (пакет Microsoft Office, интернет-браузеры, системы дистанционного обучения Google Meet, Teams, Moodle) цифровые технологии, применяемые на учебных и учебно-тренировочных занятиях по физическому воспитанию. Обозначены типы данных: текстовые, числовые, графические, открытые. На основе информационных и цифровых технологий актуализирована учебная программа. В фонде оценочных средств составлены комплект тем к рефератам, тестовые задания и прикладные математические задачи. Разработаны измеряемые образовательные результаты (дескрипторы) цифровых компетенций, методика формирования навыков применения сквозных цифровых технологий и квалиметрическая рейтинговая технология оценки результатов обучения (формирования компетенций). Экспериментальным путем доказано, что реализация усовершенствованной системы способствует повышению сформированности компетенций студентов. Разработанная с учетом современных цифровых технологий методика позволяет эффективно организовать процесс физического воспитания по формированию компетенций в сфере физической культуры и спорта.
The article presents the author's analysis and generalization of scientific and methodological literature, Internet resources, his own experience of scientific, pedagogical and sports activities, which resulted in improving and justifying the system of formation of competences of pedagogical university students in the field of physical culture and sports basing on information and digital technologies. There have been found some specific (mobile applications "Strava", "Leap Running Tracker: running, GPS map, walking", "Nike Training Club") and all-purpose "cross-cutting" (Microsoft Office package, Internet browser, Google Meet, Teams, Moodle distance learning systems) digital technologies used in educational and training classes in Physical Education. Data types are text, numeric, graphic, open. The curriculum has been updated taking into account information and digital technologies. For the fund of evaluation tools, there has been compiled a set of topics for abstracts, tests and applied mathematical problems. The author has also developed measurable educational results (descriptors) of digital competences, methods for the formation of skills in the use of cross-cutting digital technologies and a qualimetric rating technology for epy assessment of learning outcomes (competence formation) have been developed. It is proved experimentally that the implementation of the improved system contributes to the formation of students' competences. The methodology developed taking into account modern digital technologies makes it possible to effectively organize the process of physical education for the formation of competences in the field of physical culture and sports.

Situational approach in management and continuous experimentation becomes a style of doing business for creators of breakthrough new products and innovative start-up companies. A company that successfully started with a breakthrough product, and developed into successful structured business, after some time, would start to lose its ability to create breakthrough new products. Internal corporate procedures and business processes, including the process of creating a new product become more formalized. Exploratory type of works at the initial stage, full of uncertainties in the process of new product development, is poorly formalized and requires flexible approach in management. Creative chaos that was on a start-up stage and that feed teams with fresh ideas disappears. Fireplace for creativity fades. Loss of this competitiveness is a serious argument to develop new approaches to arrange process of creating new products in a mature stage of business development. In the article based on experience in new product development we explore this actual problem and propose a novel approach for the passage of the high uncertainty stage, called "the fuzzy front end of innovation", to create innovative products in matured businesses.

The article presents the results of the ecological module of complex recreational monitoring in specially protected natural territories of federal importance. The work was carried out according to the methodological recommendations elaborated in 2021 by a team of authors (V.V. Nepomnyaschy, A.V. Zavadskaya, V.P. Chizhova).Monitoring of the state of natural complexes under the influence of tourist and recreational activities was carried out in the zone of areal and linear impacts at the Oglakhty site of the Khakass reserve. The main results are presented for the 2022 tourist season. Currently, the entire territory of the Oglakhty site is mainly occupied by quasinatural complexes. The linear impact is concentrated mainly on patrol roads and manifests itself in the pedestrian movement zone. The areal impact is on the stopover places near information banners and display objects on the routes, as well as in places of the economic activities. Recommendations for the effective development of ecotourism on the Oglakhty site include the construction of additional flooring on the most popular route, as well as the redistribution of tourist flow to the less attended routes with sufficient capacity, increasing their attractiveness for various target audiences.