Suchergebnisse

The subject of the Sixth World Conference of Sport and Environment in Nairobi (Kenya) was "Sport, Peace and Environment". The International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) were the organizers of the conference. More than 350 delegates representing about 100 different countries, IOC, International Sport Federations, National Olympic Committees, Olympic Games Organizing Committees, United Nations (UN), UNEP, and other representatives of governmental and nongovernmental organizations, specialists of international relations, scientists, the best athletes of the world, including famous runners of Kenya, took part in this conference. About 50 presentations were given. Environmental problems cause a huge headache for the whole world because of the influence for our daily life. Nowadays sport as an entertainment and physical training is integral part of our society. Actually sport influences environment in the same way as environment influences sport. IOC cannot solve such international problems as environment protection and its heritage with the help of Olympic movement and plenty of volunteers only. Considering the fact that all responsibility for environmental protection and world peace depends on authority, our input must be refilling each of mentioned aspects. Announcers have confirmed that IOC is trying to play very important role in this activity field as the main sport promoter. We can take people's fancy to the beauty of nature and inform them about environmental degradation risk through the sport. In this case global and local environment are natural partners for Olympic ideals and Olympic movement commonly. Environment is the third aspect of the Olympic world view. The resolution was adopted at the conference; all the Olympic family was invited to promote and to throw up sport and environmental problems. Sport is very good in nations integral function realization, it depolarizes different cultures, teaches to solve conflicts and contradictions in humane way and has very big educative power.

The subject of the Sixth World Conference of Sport and Environment in Nairobi (Kenya) was "Sport, Peace and Environment". The International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) were the organizers of the conference. More than 350 delegates representing about 100 different countries, IOC, International Sport Federations, National Olympic Committees, Olympic Games Organizing Committees, United Nations (UN), UNEP, and other representatives of governmental and nongovernmental organizations, specialists of international relations, scientists, the best athletes of the world, including famous runners of Kenya, took part in this conference. About 50 presentations were given. Environmental problems cause a huge headache for the whole world because of the influence for our daily life. Nowadays sport as an entertainment and physical training is integral part of our society. Actually sport influences environment in the same way as environment influences sport. IOC cannot solve such international problems as environment protection and its heritage with the help of Olympic movement and plenty of volunteers only. Considering the fact that all responsibility for environmental protection and world peace depends on authority, our input must be refilling each of mentioned aspects. Announcers have confirmed that IOC is trying to play very important role in this activity field as the main sport promoter. We can take people's fancy to the beauty of nature and inform them about environmental degradation risk through the sport. In this case global and local environment are natural partners for Olympic ideals and Olympic movement commonly. Environment is the third aspect of the Olympic world view. The resolution was adopted at the conference; all the Olympic family was invited to promote and to throw up sport and environmental problems. Sport is very good in nations integral function realization, it depolarizes different cultures, teaches to solve conflicts and contradictions in humane way and has very big educative power.

The subject of the Sixth World Conference of Sport and Environment in Nairobi (Kenya) was "Sport, Peace and Environment". The International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) were the organizers of the conference. More than 350 delegates representing about 100 different countries, IOC, International Sport Federations, National Olympic Committees, Olympic Games Organizing Committees, United Nations (UN), UNEP, and other representatives of governmental and nongovernmental organizations, specialists of international relations, scientists, the best athletes of the world, including famous runners of Kenya, took part in this conference. About 50 presentations were given. Environmental problems cause a huge headache for the whole world because of the influence for our daily life. Nowadays sport as an entertainment and physical training is integral part of our society. Actually sport influences environment in the same way as environment influences sport. IOC cannot solve such international problems as environment protection and its heritage with the help of Olympic movement and plenty of volunteers only. Considering the fact that all responsibility for environmental protection and world peace depends on authority, our input must be refilling each of mentioned aspects. Announcers have confirmed that IOC is trying to play very important role in this activity field as the main sport promoter. We can take people's fancy to the beauty of nature and inform them about environmental degradation risk through the sport. In this case global and local environment are natural partners for Olympic ideals and Olympic movement commonly. Environment is the third aspect of the Olympic world view. The resolution was adopted at the conference; all the Olympic family was invited to promote and to throw up sport and environmental problems. Sport is very good in nations integral function realization, it depolarizes different cultures, teaches to solve conflicts and contradictions in humane way and has very big educative power.

The subject of the Sixth World Conference of Sport and Environment in Nairobi (Kenya) was "Sport, Peace and Environment". The International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP) were the organizers of the conference. More than 350 delegates representing about 100 different countries, IOC, International Sport Federations, National Olympic Committees, Olympic Games Organizing Committees, United Nations (UN), UNEP, and other representatives of governmental and nongovernmental organizations, specialists of international relations, scientists, the best athletes of the world, including famous runners of Kenya, took part in this conference. About 50 presentations were given. Environmental problems cause a huge headache for the whole world because of the influence for our daily life. Nowadays sport as an entertainment and physical training is integral part of our society. Actually sport influences environment in the same way as environment influences sport. IOC cannot solve such international problems as environment protection and its heritage with the help of Olympic movement and plenty of volunteers only. Considering the fact that all responsibility for environmental protection and world peace depends on authority, our input must be refilling each of mentioned aspects. Announcers have confirmed that IOC is trying to play very important role in this activity field as the main sport promoter. We can take people's fancy to the beauty of nature and inform them about environmental degradation risk through the sport. In this case global and local environment are natural partners for Olympic ideals and Olympic movement commonly. Environment is the third aspect of the Olympic world view. The resolution was adopted at the conference; all the Olympic family was invited to promote and to throw up sport and environmental problems. Sport is very good in nations integral function realization, it depolarizes different cultures, teaches to solve conflicts and contradictions in humane way and has very big educative power.

The present article discusses the topics of war and peace in the philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas. It focuses on Totality and Infinity (1961) and aims to show that war here is presented as a suspension of morality. This article argues that on the one hand, war is understood as a historical event, and as an ontological principal on the other. In turn, peace is also understood ambiguously: first, as an opposition to war, and second, as an eschatology which is the true peace. The question of war and peace also reveals the problematic relationship between politics and ethics in Levinas's philosophy. These themes penetrate and frame the book. And, as totality is war and infinity is peace, the alternative title of Totality and Infinity might be War and Peace.

The present article discusses the topics of war and peace in the philosophy of Emmanuel Levinas. It focuses on Totality and Infinity (1961) and aims to show that war here is presented as a suspension of morality. This article argues that on the one hand, war is understood as a historical event, and as an ontological principal on the other. In turn, peace is also understood ambiguously: first, as an opposition to war, and second, as an eschatology which is the true peace. The question of war and peace also reveals the problematic relationship between politics and ethics in Levinas's philosophy. These themes penetrate and frame the book. And, as totality is war and infinity is peace, the alternative title of Totality and Infinity might be War and Peace.

The research aims at establishing which activities or situations in maritime domain, which threaten maritime safety and / or maritime security, fall within the concept of international peace and security. Having demonstrated the validity of the international law principles that safeguard international peace and security in maritime area, the research reveals a changing list of the threats to international peace and security, which now encompasses activities and situations at sea, including terrorism, sea piracy and armed robbery against ships, proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, etc. A maritime space safe from such kind of threats generally means maritime security. Thus, a great part of the threats to maritime security are or may constitute threats to international peace and security, subject to their recognition as such threats by the United Nations Security Council in its resolutions. Usually such threats also pose risk to maritime safety (safety at sea, safety of navigation, ships, crew and passengers); however, any threat to maritime safety does not necessarily endanger maritime security or amount to the threat to international peace and security.

Moral principles and norms of the society have to be the orientation for the human - being to behave in the right way as well as they are the reflection of human behaviour, conscious and relations. The difference between the ideal and the reality is creating the issues of morality. Moral issues were and they still are very interesting for the society and for military forces in particular. In the period of 1918-1940 Lithuanian military forces were creating their traditions and customs. But they were forming only traditional rituals without understanding of their meanings. Lithuanian higher officers and commander were trying to form military conscious but it was too difficult task for Lithuanian Army in such short period of Lithuanian independency. Other way the most educated officers tried to describe the main principles of military ethics and to understand the meaning of real professional moral values and military honour.[.]

Moral principles and norms of the society have to be the orientation for the human - being to behave in the right way as well as they are the reflection of human behaviour, conscious and relations. The difference between the ideal and the reality is creating the issues of morality. Moral issues were and they still are very interesting for the society and for military forces in particular. In the period of 1918-1940 Lithuanian military forces were creating their traditions and customs. But they were forming only traditional rituals without understanding of their meanings. Lithuanian higher officers and commander were trying to form military conscious but it was too difficult task for Lithuanian Army in such short period of Lithuanian independency. Other way the most educated officers tried to describe the main principles of military ethics and to understand the meaning of real professional moral values and military honour.[.]

Moral principles and norms of the society have to be the orientation for the human - being to behave in the right way as well as they are the reflection of human behaviour, conscious and relations. The difference between the ideal and the reality is creating the issues of morality. Moral issues were and they still are very interesting for the society and for military forces in particular. In the period of 1918-1940 Lithuanian military forces were creating their traditions and customs. But they were forming only traditional rituals without understanding of their meanings. Lithuanian higher officers and commander were trying to form military conscious but it was too difficult task for Lithuanian Army in such short period of Lithuanian independency. Other way the most educated officers tried to describe the main principles of military ethics and to understand the meaning of real professional moral values and military honour.[.]

Moral principles and norms of the society have to be the orientation for the human - being to behave in the right way as well as they are the reflection of human behaviour, conscious and relations. The difference between the ideal and the reality is creating the issues of morality. Moral issues were and they still are very interesting for the society and for military forces in particular. In the period of 1918-1940 Lithuanian military forces were creating their traditions and customs. But they were forming only traditional rituals without understanding of their meanings. Lithuanian higher officers and commander were trying to form military conscious but it was too difficult task for Lithuanian Army in such short period of Lithuanian independency. Other way the most educated officers tried to describe the main principles of military ethics and to understand the meaning of real professional moral values and military honour.[.]

The advent of the First World War on 1 August 1914, contemporaneously known as the Great War, already in the first days of the fighting radically changed the long-established daily lives of many European nations, states, regions, peripheries and their peoples. The everyday life and routines of people of different national and social backgrounds living in the territory of Lithuania also underwent radical change. In the wake of volatile military campaigns, in the autumn of 1915 the territory of Lithuania, devastated by the belligerent forces, was occupied by the Imperial German Army, which in an effort to consolidate its position in the occupied territories of the Russian Empire, created a military administrative unit Ober Ost (Oberbefehlshaber Ost or Oberkommando Ost) under the aegis of the Supreme Commander of All German Forces in the East, which is commonly referred to as Oberostas in Lithuanian historiography. This territorial unit encompassed the former Russian governorates of Suwalki (Suvalkai) and Kovno (Kaunas) and the larger part of the territory of the governorates of Vilna (Vilnius), Grodno (Gardinas) and Courland (Kuršas). The central headquarters of Ober Ost was set up in Kaunas where it remained until August 1918 when the Lithuanian Military Government was established. The First World War and the related losses, mobilisation, forced migrations and violence that it involved, in other words the War Culture, had transformed the way of life and social relationships in Lithuanian society and, in parallel with other geopolitical factors, gave rise to the formation of Lithuanian statehood.

The advent of the First World War on 1 August 1914, contemporaneously known as the Great War, already in the first days of the fighting radically changed the long-established daily lives of many European nations, states, regions, peripheries and their peoples. The everyday life and routines of people of different national and social backgrounds living in the territory of Lithuania also underwent radical change. In the wake of volatile military campaigns, in the autumn of 1915 the territory of Lithuania, devastated by the belligerent forces, was occupied by the Imperial German Army, which in an effort to consolidate its position in the occupied territories of the Russian Empire, created a military administrative unit Ober Ost (Oberbefehlshaber Ost or Oberkommando Ost) under the aegis of the Supreme Commander of All German Forces in the East, which is commonly referred to as Oberostas in Lithuanian historiography. This territorial unit encompassed the former Russian governorates of Suwalki (Suvalkai) and Kovno (Kaunas) and the larger part of the territory of the governorates of Vilna (Vilnius), Grodno (Gardinas) and Courland (Kuršas). The central headquarters of Ober Ost was set up in Kaunas where it remained until August 1918 when the Lithuanian Military Government was established. The First World War and the related losses, mobilisation, forced migrations and violence that it involved, in other words the War Culture, had transformed the way of life and social relationships in Lithuanian society and, in parallel with other geopolitical factors, gave rise to the formation of Lithuanian statehood.

After the Second World War, Western European societies had seen some changes in cultural values associated with liberalization, individualism, and hedonism. Value change in society becomes more and more relevant because it means the decreasing level of traditionalism and individual commitment to the group whereas self-realiza-tion becomes more and more relevant. After the war, the peace time was established and as a result the importance of modern state armies started to diminish. Nowadays modern armies are affected by organizational changes and adapt the characteristics of civilian organizations. According to some authors, in postindustrial society the professional identity of a military officer is similar to the one of a manager or an ordinary bureaucrat. For a long time, the profession of a military officer was asso-ciated with heroism, idealism, honor and prestige. The officers' corps was regarded as a military elite manifesting leadership and high standards of a military ethics. These values remain relevant in the normative documents of armies. As an army representa-tive, military officer is also a member of a civil society. Therefore, a military officer faces the challenge of having to adapt to culturally different values of both modern society and traditional military. His professional identity has to combine culturally diverse landmarks of both society and the army. Ambivalent values determine the conf lict of different values in officer's professional identity. The conducted research demonstrates that ambivalence points to the military officers' dissatisfaction with self-realization in military service, horizontal relationships with subordinates and compatibility of family and service time.