Suchergebnisse

"Organizations form programs to achieve strategic objectives that help them grow and perform more effectively and efficiently. The importance of these initiatives is such that an oversight function is required from executive management, whose role is to monitor the program ensuring that all parts are on track, support the program when required, and control different aspects of the program if things seem to go in the wrong direction. These dimensions of unification form the core of program governance. The need for program governance comes from the fact that there are certain aspects of the program that are not under the direct control of the program manager, and he or she requires support from the program governors to ascertain successful delivery of the program objectives. In addition, the program governors have to ensure that the program activities are being carried out as planned, and that any major deviations are accounted for and approved. In the following chapters, for the sake of clarity, all governance entities or roles (such as steering committees, program boards, program sponsors, etc.,) will be grouped together and referred to as program governors. A few years ago, I was working with a team of software professionals to develop the first trading platform in the Gulf Cooperation Countries (GCC) region. The team, I still remember, could be called a star team. We were a start-up; we needed a team like that one. It was similar to a "band of brothers" working together to build their dream rather than a pool of professionals working toward an objective. We succeeded! We created our dream"--

Since the 1980s, there has been a global trend to give more power to local governments. Even in Korea and the United Kingdom, the most centralised countries in the OECD, local government powers have increased, with substantial economic benefits. Within the European Union, the principle of subsidiarity has enshrined the idea of devolution. New member states, particularly in central and eastern Europe, have significantly created new and self-sufficient local and regional governments. However, this process has been complicated. Devolution is not a panacea in its own right, and need not lead to economic growth. While it can encourage savings through collaboration, it can also lead to confused lines of authority and can complicate policy formation and implantation. Devolution can strain local budgets, forcing local governments to rely on their own sources of finance, rather than central government transfers. Suburbanisation, rural depopulation, the growth of some regions, and the decline of others have raised new problems, particularly related to inter-governmental cooperation among local governments and different levels of government. In many cases, an increased number of governments has increased administrative costs. This book looks at experience in government restructuring and devolution from a variety of national and international perspectives, both within the European Union and elsewhere, focusing on lessons learned and ways forward.

Since World War ii, international non-governmental organizations (ingos) have in general enjoyed significant development although their complete international legal status is not practically in place. However, during the recent course of accelerated economic globalization and waning national sovereignty, ingos' development has been limited by the laws framed by the ingo-importing countries. This paper attempts to portray the dynamics of ingos' legal environment by comparing the legal frameworks in different kinds of ingo-importing countries. It is concluded that different legal environments reflected the different clashes among sovereign states, global market and civil societies.

Joint Conference with Universidade Nacional Timor Lorosa'e (UNTL), Dili, Timor-Leste and Victoria University (VU), Melbourne.