Diverse Akteure im wissenschaftlichen, politischen und gesellschaftlichen Bereich diskutieren Governance von Informationsinfrastrukturen unter variierenden Begriffsverständnissen. In dieser Arbeit wird mit Bezug zur Akteur-Netzwerk-Theorie untersucht, welche Fragestellungen in relevanten Strategiepapieren diskutiert, aber auch welche dabei ausgespart werden. Die Perspektive des Spiels und der Spieleerfindung eröffnen neue Ansätze für den Umgang mit der Thematik, in welcher Regeln und Handlungsmöglichkeiten erst noch und immer wieder erprobt werden müssen.
Indien gilt in Bezug auf die Bevölkerungszahl als die größte Demokratie der Welt. Es gibt eine Vielzahl politischer Parteien, die – wie in anderen etablierten bzw. gefestigten Demokratien auch – sich in einem politischen Wettbewerb miteinander befinden, der nach demokratischen Regeln ausgetragen wird. In Indien ist auch die Existenz und Pluralität von Interessenorganisationen weitgehend gewährleistet. Es besteht ferner eine unabhängige und eigenständige Justiz. Positiv hervorzuheben ist weiterhin die relativ friedliche Koexistenz verschiedener Religionen und der kulturellen bzw. ethnischen Vielfalt. Unter Berücksichtigung dieser politischen und soziokulturellen Rahmenbedingungen weist Indien eine beachtliche Stabilität auf. Natürlich ist nicht zu übersehen, dass diese insgesamt positiven Rahmenbedingungen – wie in anderen Demokratien auch – faktisch durch eine Reihe von Einschränkungen und von sozialen und politischen Ungleichgewichten gekennzeichnet sind. Indien weist zweifellos einige beachtliche Ungleichgewichte auf wie beispielsweise das Kastensystem, die jedoch hier nicht weiter aufgeführt werden sollen.
Inwiefern lässt sich der Tabubegriff für Analysen universitärer Governance nutzen? Der Beitrag formuliert eine Antwort auf diese Frage in zwei Schritten. Im ersten Schritt wird ein Tabubegriff entfaltet, der als Instrument für die organisationssoziologische Hochschulforschung dienen kann. Im zweiten Schritt wird dieser Begriff auf drei Tabus angewandt, die auf unterschiedlichen Ebenen der universitären Governance angesiedelt sind: zum einen auf der Meso-Ebene der externen, staatlichen Governance von Universitäten, zum anderen auf der Mikro-Ebene der internen, hierarchischen Governance universitärer Einrichtungen. Im Hinblick auf das zugrundeliegende Erkenntnisinteresse hat die Ausleuchtung dieser Tabus dabei insofern einen tentativ-explanativen Charakter, als der Beitrag den Versuch unternimmt, die Tabus auf basale Erwartungsstrukturen im Universitätssystem zurückführen. (HoF/Text übernommen)
A tension exists between the interests of states in protecting national security through border controls and those of communities in cross-border regions, to whom frequent border crossing is part of daily life – a necessary part of achieving their own wellbeing. The interplay between these two sets of interests has shaped particular 'border regimes' with varying degrees of selectivity in measures of the control of movements of people. In Mozambique, the securing of borders since the early 1990s in order to tackle unauthorised migration and organised crime has revealed a tension with border communities – the manifestation of which is regionally specific elements related to commuters (those crossing the border for shopping, schooling or medical care). This thesis applies qualitative research methods to a study of this multilevel (social, economic, cultural, security and political) problem of border governance in Mozambique. Empirical data, drawing on the interpretations and meanings of those who live in cross-border areas, as well as of government officials, are drawn on to reach a deeper understanding of the types of cross-border interactions and challenges that exist. Opportunities and constraints emanating from the demands of regional integration and international models of border governance are also analysed, in terms of their implications for those responsible for border control. By contrasting the national security orientation of border control and examining some of the localised cross-border consequences of its practices on communities living in cross-border regions, the study aims to contribute to a growing body of knowledge on the impact of border control practices on communities in cross-border regions. In order to achieve this, three regions were selected as cases studies, each representing a regional case: the Mozambique-Malawi border (Mandimba); the Mozambique-Zimbabwe border (Machipanda); and the Mozambique-South Africa border (Ressano Garcia). Key findings indicate that, despite some similarities (ethnic, language, religious), each border region is unique in the way that it contains specific aspects of crossing which demand a contextualised approach to border and security. These specific elements include the use of transboundary resources and access to socio-economic facilities (schools, hospitals, mills, markets, jobs). These elements have persisted since colonial times to post-independence and post-war Mozambique. They neither fit into a truncated view of constructivism on security and borders nor into a sovereign-oriented border governance. Drawing on these findings, the study concludes by proposing a human development (or human security) approach to border controls, giving due attention to people's experiences and needs in daily life.
Global debate over alternative approaches to governing the Internet has been wide ranging, but increasingly has pivoted around the wisdom of "multistakeholder governance." This paper takes controversy around a multistakeholder versus an alternative multilateral approach as a focus for clarifying the changing context and significance of Internet governance. A critical perspective on this debate challenges some of the conventional wisdom marshaled around positions on the history and future of Internet governance. By providing an understanding of the dynamics of Internet governance, this paper seeks to illuminate and engage with issues that are of rising importance to the vitality of a global infrastructure that is becoming more central to economic and social development around the world. Based on the perspective developed in this paper, a multistakeholder process appears best suited for helping a widening array of actors, including multilateral organizations, to connect a worldwide ecology of choices that are governing the Internet.
Internationale Konferenzen sind ein wichtiger Bestandteil des globalen Regierens: Hier werden internationale Normen und Regeln ausgehandelt. Die Blütezeit dieser Konferenzen ist jedoch vorbei: Andere Governance-Formen gewinnen immer weiter an Bedeutung.
Governance is the movement of governing. It relates to decisions that deϐine expectations, grant power, or verify performance. It consists either of a separate process or of a speciϐic part of management or leadership processes. Sometimes people set up a government to administer these processes and systems. In terms of distinguishing the term governance from government - "governance" is what a "government" does. It might be a geopolitical government (nation-state), a corporate government (business entity), a socio-political government (tribe, family, etc.), or any number of different kinds of government. But governance is the kinetic exercise of management power and policy, while government is the instrument (usually, collective) that does it. The term government is also used more abstractly as a synonym for governance. Awarded for Best e-Governance, Gujarat is a frontline State in the implementation of e-governance policies & projects and setting up of key infrastructure for E Governance. Gujarat Government focuses on growth and development of new & emerging technology areas. It has been increasingly using the ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) to offer citizen based service as per convenient location with an initiative to improve the reach, make services more transparent and reduce response time with reducing costs. The Government is also pro active in its Initiatives and ranks ϐirst state in the country to have made e-Governance functional in all its Municipalities and Municipal Corporations.
In the communication and knowledge based globalvillage, under the conditions of dynamic Change inan economy driven world, education has become acomplex and challenging endeavor, both for individualsand organizations. Learning has changeddramatically: knowledge and skills are quickly outdatedand devaluated, giving education a new meaningwithin an individual biography; schools, universitiesand other providers of education go throughorganizational revolutions, who are challenging theirself-concept and management; governments areunder pressure to reshape Educational Governanceaccording to new paradigms with the overall goalto sustain national or regional competitiveness. Arekey actors in the education system ready to face thesechallenges and to modernize their organizations?Starting from an overview on the Complexity of Learningin modern societies, generalizable consequencesare reviewed in a case study on Germany. It leads toa framework for a necessary research project incountries such as Indonesia, which are still aheadof educational reform. The focus is on the organizationalmeso and macro level that is playing the keyrole in Educational Governance.Keywords: Change Management, DemographicChange, Educational Governance, Globalization
Over the last 15 years, most of the World Bank studies have focused on development of standards governance indicators which do not take into consideration the realities of developing countries such as Tunisia. Many countries have adopted these indicators to measure their governance quality. Yet none, to our knowledge, has attempted to define its local governance indicators. The purpose of this study is to show the need for developing a local governance indicator. The following variables have been selected: contract intensive money, foreign direct investment, scientific and technical articles produced and budgetary policy of the State to elaborate a local governance indicator. Our results indicate that governance variables affect economic growth. According to our results, improving the financial sector, scientific research and State spending policy can enhance economic growth.
Many of today's public policies aimed directly or indirectly at regulating the behaviors of individuals and organizations provide for the implementation of a certain type of instrument which can be qualified as a label. They share some features with what the literature tends to identify as proper standards (e.g., they aim at defining the best practices, they may represent – at least – a symbolic resource for those who adopt them), but they also have some peculiarities, which we will present here. In this paper, we propose to analyze the characteristics and dynamics underpinning this mode of governance as part of a study of two particular public policy domains chosen for their complementarity as well as their contrasts: the fight against obesity, and sustainable consumption. In both of these fields, labels have become a preferred mode of governance – and even, we might say, a kind of standard. Based on Foucault (2004), we emphasize the fact that the logics of distinction, which regulate utilities and sanctions in a particular social field, are instrumentalized by public policy as an incentive to the actors to deliberately take action whose value is endorsed by a label. Hence, the aim and outcome of this mode of governance are not the uniformity of a field, but the ongoing creation of increasingly demanding labels that only some of the participants can hope to obtain.
Many of today's public policies aimed directly or indirectly at regulating the behaviors of individuals and organizations provide for the implementation of a certain type of instrument which can be qualified as a label. They share some features with what the literature tends to identify as proper standards (e.g., they aim at defining the best practices, they may represent - at least - a symbolic resource for those who adopt them), but they also have some peculiarities, which we will present here. In this paper, we propose to analyze the characteristics and dynamics underpinning this mode of governance as part of a study of two particular public policy domains chosen for their complementarity as well as their contrasts: the fight against obesity, and sustainable consumption. In both of these fields, labels have become a preferred mode of governance - and even, we might say, a kind of standard. Based on Foucault (2004), we emphasize the fact that the logics of distinction, which regulate utilities and sanctions in a particular social field, are instrumentalized by public policy as an incentive to the actors to deliberately take action whose value is endorsed by a label. Hence, the aim and outcome of this mode of governance are not the uniformity of a field, but the ongoing creation of increasingly demanding labels that only some of the participants can hope to obtain.
Many of today's public policies aimed directly or indirectly at regulating the behaviors of individuals and organizations provide for the implementation of a certain type of instrument which can be qualified as a label. They share some features with what the literature tends to identify as proper standards (e.g., they aim at defining the best practices, they may represent – at least – a symbolic resource for those who adopt them), but they also have some peculiarities, which we will present here. In this paper, we propose to analyze the characteristics and dynamics underpinning this mode of governance as part of a study of two particular public policy domains chosen for their complementarity as well as their contrasts: the fight against obesity, and sustainable consumption. In both of these fields, labels have become a preferred mode of governance – and even, we might say, a kind of standard. Based on Foucault (2004), we emphasize the fact that the logics of distinction, which regulate utilities and sanctions in a particular social field, are instrumentalized by public policy as an incentive to the actors to deliberately take action whose value is endorsed by a label. Hence, the aim and outcome of this mode of governance are not the uniformity of a field, but the ongoing creation of increasingly demanding labels that only some of the participants can hope to obtain.
The policy report summarizes the research findings of Area 4. It is structured along milestone 80 (WWWforEurope Working Paper Number 4) which provides a broad perspective on governance in Europe. The additional milestones are grouped according to their focus in three groups which make up the distinct sections. The final section gives an outlook how the findings of the various milestones can be used as an input for the policy formulation phase of the project. A central shortcoming of existing governance structures is the weak integration of the (long-term) oriented Europe 2020 strategy in the (more short-term) oriented procedures summarized under the European Semester. A high level of heterogeneity in the EU, the possibility of spillovers caused by national policies, as well as the difficulty of specifying reform needs at the national level call for an adjustment of existing EU governance which is focused less on procedures and rules and more on a case- and country-specific treatment such that the actual needs at both the national and the EU level are taken into consideration.
International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications(IJACSA), 4(2), 2013 ; Information and Communication Technology today has become an indispensable part in our lives, gaining wide application in human activities. This is due to the fact that, its use is less expensive, more secure, and allows speedy information transmission and access. It serves as a good base for the development and success of today's relatively young technologies. It has relieved people of manual day-to-day activities in such areas as businesses organizations, transport industry, teaching and research, banking, broadcasting, entertainment amongst other. This paper takes an overview study of e-governance, one of the most demanding applications of information and communication technology for public services. The paper summarizes the concept of e-governance, its major essence and some ongoing e-governance activities in some parts of the world. ; http://thesai.org/Downloads/Volume4No2/Paper_33-Egovernance_justified.pdf
". this paper offers a brief overview of issues and themes emerging from Melanesian studies that bear on current concerns with "indigenous governance". My strategy for doing so is to discuss a recent case of political innovation in Santa Isabel, Solomon Islands. Drawing on my own research in Santa Isabel, I ask what issues and questions emerging in that locale may be relevant for other local systems in Melanesia ." - page 1 ; AusAID
