Suchergebnisse

In the Paris Agreement era of climate governance, private market-based initiatives are expected to play a catalytic role in achieving global commitments. However, the literature has been largely silent on the political causes of the variable and often limited uptake of such initiatives in the Global South. This article uses original project-level data to investigate the participation in voluntary carbon offset (VCO) programs across developing countries. We argue that, paradoxically, access to formal international institutions and linkages with domestic priorities are key factors for participation in voluntary carbon markets, reducing asymmetries in information, capacity, and interest in developing contexts. Our statistical analysis finds that institutions such as the Clean Development Mechanism and targeted foreign aid, as well as domestic concerns such as climate vulnerability and advancing renewable energy, shape in important ways the variable engagement in VCO projects. Our analysis also suggests that the design of private regulations can be fine-tuned to better capture synergies between local concerns and transnational climate action.

This article conceptualises gender expertise in global governance as a transnational field. We propose two theoretical shifts: a depersonalisation to understand expertise as a field rather than experts as individuals or a group of people; and a re-conceptualisation of expertise from a depoliticised body of knowledge towards expertise as a performative and intrinsically political practice. Drawing on qualitative data, we identify practices of boundary drawing and erasing to analyse three key cleavages of this field: contestations over the boundary between gender expertise and feminism; contestations over scientific epistemologies and authority; and contestations over the logics of (post-)colonial politics surrounding gender expertise.

This article conducts a comparative analysis of peer and public pressure in peer reviews among states. Arguing that such pressure is one increasingly important form of shaming in global politics, we seek to understand the extent to which five different peer reviews exert peer and public pressure and how possible variation among them can be explained. Our findings are based on responses to an original survey and semi-structured interviews among participants in the reviews. We find that peer and public pressure exist to different degrees in the peer reviews under study. Such differences cannot be explained by the policy area under review or the international organization in which peer reviews are organized. Likewise, the expertise of the actors involved in a peer review or perceptions of the legitimacy of peer review as a monitoring instrument do not explain the variation. Instead, we find that institutional factors and the acceptance of peer and public pressure among the participants in a peer review offer the best explanations.

Since 1997 the Economic and Monetary Union has been centred on the Stability and Growth Pact (SGP), which provides the framework for the coordination of economic policies and the surveillance of fiscal policies of member states. The country-specific recommendations, which address the member states macroeconomic programmes, are the policy instruments of the SGP preventive arm. At the same time, these recommendations are the object of intense negotiation between the Commission and the Council. Why are these recommendations a matter of bargaining between the Commission and the Council? What are the factors that determine the negotiation outcomes? Employing a provision-by-provision text analysis, I show that the Council strengthens almost 50 percent of the country-specific recommendations proposed by the Commission between 1999 and 2015. The Council tightens the recommendations during the financial crisis and against highly indebted countries. Recommendations addressed to large countries are instead less likely to be tightened. ; (VLID)5205897 ; Version of record

ABSTRACTThe Village Financial Sistem Application (Siskeudes) is an application that was created as an effort to improve village financial reporting in addition to efforts to improve village financial administration. As the Minister of Home Affairs No. 113 of 2014, village finance is managed based on transparent, accountable, participatory principles and carried out in an orderly budget discipline so this research leads to how the implementation of the principles of transparency, accountability and participation in the Siskeudes application. This research also focuses on the factors that influence the implementation of the principles of Good Governance in the Siskeudes application. From several villages that were the object of research and applied Siskeudes, they showed legal compliance with existing regulations. The implementation of the principles of Good Governance has been carried out as mandated by the laws and supporting regulations. However, in the implementation process in the field, gaps occur due to a mismatch between expectations and reality. In the process of participation, transparency and accountability there are still gaps that cause the standard of achievement of implementation cannot be fulfilled. This factor is influenced by the target group's environment of the character of the ruler and the level of compliance of the target groups.Keywords : Implementation, Good Governance Principles, SiskeudesABSTRAKAplikasi Sistem Keuangan Desa (Siskeudes) merupakan aplikasi yang yang diciptakan sebagai upaya perbaikan pelaporan keuangan Desa disamping upaya perbaikan penatausahaan keuangan Desa. Sebagaimana Pemendagri No. 113 tahun 2014, keuangan desa dikelola berdasarkan asas-asas transparan, akuntabel, partisipatif serta dilakukan dengan tertib disiplin anggaran maka penelitian ini mengarah pada bagaimana implementasi prinsip transparan, akuntabel dan partisipatif pada aplikasi Siskeudes. Penelitian ini juga menitikberatkan pada faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi implementasi prinsip-prinsip Good Governance dalam aplikasi Siskeudes. Dari beberapa Desa yang menjadi objek penelitian dan telah mengaplikasikan Siskeudes menunjukkan kepatuhan hukum atas aturan yang ada. Implementasi prinsip-prinsip Good Governance telah dijalankan sebagaimana yang diamanatkan Undang-undang dan peraturan pendukungnya. Akan tetapi pada proses implementasi di lapangan, kesenjangan terjadi karena ketidaksesuaian antara harapan dan kenyataan. Pada proses partisipasi, transparansi dan akuntabilitas masih terdapat celah yang menyebabkan standar ketercapaian implementasi tidak dapat terpenuhi. Hali ini dipengaruhi oleh lingkungan kelompok sasaran dari karakter penguasa dan tingkat kepatuhan para kelompok sasaran.Kata kunci : Impelementasi, Prinsip Good Governance, Siskeudes

[Abstract] The objective of this study is to assess governance drivers of FDI in a panel of BRICS and MINT countries for the period 2001-2011. We bundle and unbundle governance determinants using a battery of contemporary and non-contemporary estimation techniques. Our findings reveal the following: Firstly, for both contemporary and non-contemporary specifications, while the majority of our governance determinants of Gross FDI are significant, they are overwhelmingly insignificant for Net FDI. Secondly, the significance of the governance dynamics in increasing order of magnitude are general governance, political governance, economic governance, political stability, regulation quality and government effectiveness. Thirdly, for non-contemporary specifications, the significance of governance variables is as follows in ascending order of magnitude: economic governance, institutional governance, general governance, corruption-control, political governance and political stability. The importance of combining governance indicators is captured by the effects of political governance, economic governance and institutional governance. The results indicate that the simultaneous implementation of the various components of governance clarifies a country's attractiveness for FDI location. Policy implications are discussed with particular emphasis on the timing of FDI and its targeting.

Purpose: In this paper we lay out the evaluation of non-compliance with the Code of Principles of Good Corporate Governance and the analyses of the adequacy of the explanations provided thereof, including the overall effectiveness of the existing regulatory framework. Design/methodology/approach: To achieve the objectives of this study, a review of the non-compliance section of the corporate governance statements of each Maltese listed company was carried out for the years 2012, 2014 and 2016. Furthermore, 13 semi-structured interviews were held. Findings: The paper finds that a general insufficiency in the explanations provided for non-compliance exists. Some entities give only lip service to the provisions of the Code as they fail to realise the benefits an entity may reap from having good corporate governance structures in place. There is a lack of education and awareness in this regard, and not only on the part of companies but also on the part of shareholders who seem to make minimal use of the information provided in the corporate governance statements. Practical implications: The study raises awareness of the need of improving corporate governance practices, as well as education on corporate governance, across Maltese listed companies. It is hoped that the recommendations made may encourage entities to improve in their reporting and the regulator to provide further guidance to entities to do so. Originality/value: Prior to the amendment of existing rules, increased enforcement of the current regulatory framework and monitoring by the regulator is required. The study highlights the misconceptions on the auditor's role in corporate governance. ; peer-reviewed

This paper focuses on twenty‐first‐century‐trade governance patterns within the Commonwealth (CW) countries. It uses an augmented gravity model to examine the role of governance in influencing trade and investment flows, and whether enhanced trade governance within the CW countries could potentially foster trade gains, on a both intra‐ and extra‐CW basis. Results show a 10% reduction in the costs incurred for a good to exit a country can increase intra‐CW exports by 5%. Second, contract enforcement is more efficient among CW members, and requires 20% less time compared to the world average. Third, every 1 percentage point improvement in government effectiveness triggers an increase in exports from CW, at 3.4%, compared to the rest of the world, at 2.4%. Finally, trade between CW members is three times higher when they belong to an existing regional trade agreement (F10, 011, F13).

This essay discusses tribal claims to data sovereignty and informational privacy, examining the nature of the respective claims, as well as how tribal governments can exercise effective authority over the collection and use of data about the community and its members. Part I of the essay explores the issue of data sovereignty comparatively, framing the concept within its global and national contexts, and then discussing the rights of tribal governments and other Indigenous peoples. Part II of the essay examines the various claims that are comprised within the movement toward "Indigenous data sovereignty," as well as the current context of data governance by tribal governments. Part III of the essay discusses three substantive areas of research that test out the reach of these principles. The essay concludes with recommendations for actions that tribal governments can take to enhance their ability to exercise governance authority over their data.