Fear of the state in governance surveys?: empirical evidence from African countries
In: World development: the multi-disciplinary international journal devoted to the study and promotion of world development, Band 123, S. 1-35
In: World development: the multi-disciplinary international journal devoted to the study and promotion of world development, Band 123, S. 1-35
World Affairs Online
In: International studies review, Band 21, Heft 1, S. 127–145
ISSN: 1468-2486
By championing certain actors over others, International Relations (IR) theory conventionally avoids questions of agency and does not, at least in theoretical terms, discuss which entities can develop capacities needed to act in world politics. Whether it is states, institutions, or individuals, we simply "locate" agency in particular entities, which then exist and act as global governors qua definition. In other words, agency is determined by a priori claims and we rarely reflect the dispositions needed to be(come) an actor in the first place. Even global governance, despite its impetus to consider agency beyond the state, has not engaged in such a discussion, at least not in theoretical terms. In order to initiate such a discussion, the paper draws on the distinction between substantialism and relationalism. After reviewing how agency has been framed in IR, the paper outlines three general dispositions of agency and relates those to the two ontological perspectives. Based on this theorization, the paper contents that IR's lack of reflection and its substantialized notions of agency, whether in rationalist or constructivist appearance, remain problematic. As such, there is potential to conceptualize agency in world politics not as an inherent disposition of entities but rather as emerging from social relations between them. Such a framework compels researchers to not just assume discrete actors but to focus on relational processes through which their agency emerges in the first place and sustains over time. Reconstructing these processes reveals their political nature and allows us to consider who should govern the world.
World Affairs Online
In: China perspectives: Shenzhou-zhanwang, Heft 1, S. 55-63
ISSN: 2070-3449, 1011-2006
Since 2018, a political campaign to integrate leadership by the Communist Party as the core force in corporate governance in China has reversed the course of market reform in the past 40 years, which was predicated on separation of the Party's political functions from company business operations. This article critically reviews the trend of developments from a historical perspective and analyses the impact of the political campaign on China's socialist market economy and rule of law conditions. Some institutional implications are also examined in the comparative context with reference to the OECD Corporate Principles. The major argument of this article is that enhancing the Party's leadership in companies will negatively affect development of the market economy and rule of law as well as China's attempt to create an innovative society for its economic upgrading. (China Perspect/GIGA)
World Affairs Online
SSRN
In: Politics and governance, Band 7, Heft 4, S. 190-201
ISSN: 2183-2463
This article presents an account of food citizenship based on a governmentality framework. Moving beyond the dichotomy of democratic or neoliberal accounts of food citizenship, a food governmentality framework is presented. This Foucaultian inspired framework conceptualises food citizenship as identity formation in relation to various modes of power that govern food systems and subjects in significantly different ways. The article empirically illustrates how food citizenship relates to food governmentality by focussing on the food-related activities of a Transition Town initiative in the Netherlands (The Hague) called Den Haag In Transitie (DHIT). By defining food as a community issue, and employing holistic-spiritual and collaborative knowledge, food citizens in the DHIT case render sustainable food systems governable in radically new ways. I argue that this type of citizenship can be considered neo-communitarian food citizenship and moves beyond democratic or neoliberal accounts. Finally, the article reflects on neo-communitarian citizenship and argues for a nuanced understanding of food citizenship, moving away from either democratic romanticism or neoliberal criticism.
In: Local government studies, Band 45, Heft 4, S. 595-597
ISSN: 1743-9388
In: Indian journal of public administration, Band 65, Heft 2, S. 430-450
ISSN: 2457-0222
This study attempts to identify the impact of governance indicators on economic growth using time series data for Sri Lanka from 1996 to 2016 published by the World Bank. The Phillips–Perron (PP) unit root test confirmed that all the variables are integrated in order one and suggested the use of cointegration technique to identify the long-run relationship between the variables. All the lag length selection criteria except Schwarz Information Criterion (SIC) advocated the use of one lag as an optimal lag length for this study. Johansen cointegration method detected three cointegrating relationships among the variables. Further, this technique identified a significant and positive relationship between government effectiveness (GE) and gross domestic product per capita (GDPPC) in the long run. This result is in contrast to all the three traditional approaches, such as correlation test, scatter plot and ordinary least squared (OLS), in which they do not identify any clear relationship between them. Moreover, Johansen test found a negative and statistically significant link between political stability and absence of violence (PSAV) and GDPPC in the long run, while all three traditional approaches identified a positive correlation between them. The findings of this study indicate a negative association between rule of law (ROL) and GDPPC in the long run, which coincides with theory, some of the empirical studies and with findings of all three traditional approaches used in this study. Even though OLS did not identify a significant relationship between control of corruption (COC) and GDPPC, Johansen test, correlation test and scatter plot detected a significant and negative correlation between them in the long run as expected by the theoretical evidence. Granger's causality test identified the bidirectional causality between GE and ROL and unidirectional causality between ROL and COC. However, relationship between governance variables and GDPPC vary based on the estimation methods. These findings suggest that the policymakers need to take considerable attention on the above when they formulate and implement policy to improve GE.
In: Ambiente & sociedade, Band 22
ISSN: 1809-4422
Abstract This article proposes an analytical tool to assess the evolution of environmental governance mechanisms. The institutional path of certification systems is driven by three pre-existing variables that interact to determine the evolution of environmental governance: public regulations, industry competition and organisation, and legitimation mechanisms. Competition among certification systems results in the convergence of public and private environmental regulations, which tend to move towards the median demand for sustainability standards. This framework is later applied to the still incipient sector of biofuels, seeking to predict the certification schemes that have better chances to prevail. As an important normative implication, the efficacy of environmental governance depends on compliance costs for producers and, consequently, hinges on prevailing public regulations. These regulations must be designed not only by accounting for their direct effects but also by considering their indirect effects on the development of private certification systems.
In: Viešoji politika ir administravimas: mokslo darbai = Public policy and administration : research papers, Band 18, Heft 3, S. 35-45
ISSN: 2029-2872
This article aims to analyse the process of formation of sports public policy in Lithuania within the theoretical context of hierarchy governance. This study consisted of collection and analysis of official documents regarding sports public policy formation from 2011 until 2018. The data collection was aimed at uncovering of key components of the process of public policy formation – environmental analysis, strategic planning, competence and decision making power, and stakeholders. The main findings of the research concluded that Lithuanian sports governance, along with the majority of other European countries, is defined as bureaucratic configuration. The main responsibility within the process of sports public policy formation falls on the Ministry of Education, Science and Sports and active national non-government sports organisations, while principal objectives of the Lithuanian sports public policy formation are laid out in strategic documents. However, the implementation needs to be centred on institutional and personal responsibility, proper environmental regard and tolerance, and the ability to listen and to reach an agreement.
In: International affairs, Band 95, Heft 3, S. 729-730
ISSN: 1468-2346
In: Global environmental politics, Band 19, Heft 2, S. 169-174
ISSN: 1536-0091
In: European security, Band 28, Heft 4, S. 393-412
ISSN: 1746-1545
In: Environmental science & policy, Band 94, S. 39-48
ISSN: 1462-9011
In: Development in practice, Band 29, Heft 8, S. 1075-1082
ISSN: 1364-9213
In: The journal of politics: JOP, Band 81, Heft 2, S. 731-738
ISSN: 1468-2508