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The relationship between urban and rural areas cannot be considered a territorial antagonism. Not any more. The urban growth, the density of both building and population pushes the rural world into a dependent position commonly expressed in terms of lacking technology and scarce resources on political action. Additionally, for the first time in human history, the bulk of population occupies the urban areas. Nevertheless, since the «non-urban» type has conquered privileges as environmental reserve, the emergence of environmental issues has changed the social value of both rural and non-urbanized areas. Besides that the "rural world" now seems to be the holder of the traditions as well as the local identity values. In the present paper the main question can be sketched out in the following terms: in which way the urban growth has shifted the opposite urban-rural relationship into city-hinterland integration? This question is one step ahead of the dichotomy "modernity-tradition" and leads us to think in terms of "change-conservation" dichotomy. We must regard a city as a macro-organism that achieves and maintains its balance through an equitable distribution of functions: residence, public/private services, and leisure. To rule a city is to develop policies that promote the well-being and its citizen involvement. A city without participation is not sustainable and a city threatened by the scarcity of resources or by environmental risks becomes a frightened city. The public participation can't be a result of collective fear. We must think about the urban planning as a territorial planning of land uses. There is a democratic form of doing that: public participation and environmental concern as a civil value. We discuss in this work some questions on environmental ethics, contents to public campaigns of Sustainability education and we present a reflection about urban areas subjected to quick growth in Portugal. ; 4 figs ; 1 ; 10 pp ; DED/NESO ; 2008 ; Setembro

Zusammenfassung Im Projektbereich D "Wohlfahrt und Umwelt" des Sonderforschungsbereichs (SFB) 700 untersuchen wir, wie Governance-Leistungen bei der Produktion wohlfahrtsstaatlicher Gemeinschaftsgüter und Dienstleistungen in Räumen begrenzter Staatlichkeit bereitgestellt werden. In sechs verschiedenen Teilprojekten werden Governance-Arrangements im Hinblick auf ihre Entstehung, ihre Effektivität und empirische Legitimität sowie ihre Nachhaltigkeit erforscht. Im Januar 2008 haben die D-Projekte des SFB 700 im Rahmen eines Workshops eine vorläufige Bilanz der Ergebnisse aus der ersten Arbeitsphase gezogen. Wir wollen diese hier dokumentieren – nicht zuletzt, um ein interessiertes Publikum auf die kommenden Publikationen aus den sechs Teilprojekten neugierig zu machen. Aktuelle Informationen zum Projektbereich D des SFB 700 sowie den einzelnen Teilprojekten finden sich auf der Seite www .sfb-governance. de/teilprojekte/projektbereich_d/.

It is gradually being recognised by both Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians that getting contemporary Indigenous governance right is fundamental to improving Indigenous well-being and generating sustained socioeconomic development. This collection of papers examines the dilemmas and challenges involved in the Indigenous struggle for the development and recognition of systems of governance that they recognise as both legitimate and effective. The authors highlight the nature of the contestation and negotiation between Australian governments, their agents, and Indigenous groups over the appropriateness of different governance processes, values and practices, and over the application of related policy, institutional and funding frameworks within Indigenous affairs. The long-term, comparative study reported in this monograph has been national in coverage, and community and regional in focus. It has pulled together a multidisciplinary team to work with partner communities and organisations to investigate Indigenous governance arrangements–the processes, structures, scales, institutions, leadership, powers, capacities, and cultural foundations–across rural, remote and urban settings. This ethnographic case study research demonstrates that Indigenous and non-Indigenous governance systems are intercultural in respect to issues of power, authority, institutions and relationships. It documents the intended and unintended consequences–beneficial and negative–arising for both Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians from the realities of contested governance. The findings suggest that the facilitation of effective, legitimate governance should be a policy, funding and institutional imperative for all Australian governments. This research was conducted under an Australian Research Council Linkage Project, with Reconciliation Australia as Industry Partner.

This article succinctly, albeit critically, assesses with reference to some international developments the role that public participation is expected to play in state governments' fulfilment of citizens' environmental rights. Based on a survey of literature and jurisprudence, the article considers substantive environmental rights as human rights and the notion of public participation generally. It also puts forward some ideas on the relation between public participation and the fulfilment of environmental rights and how this may feed into good environmental governance. The article does not aim to contribute to the discourse on good governance or good environmental governance per se. Instead, it introduces the presumed role of public participation processes in an environmental rights context what may be but a facet of good governance and/or good environmental governance. Where applicable, the South African context is employed to illustrate and reinforce the observations and/or viewpoints maintained.

I examine sociospatial aspects of urban governance, focusing on the case of a downtown-redevelopment stadium project. In many US central cities, wider political economic processes have led to the formation of governance coalitions guided by the interests of private sector agents. The case of Bank One Ballpark in Phoenix, Arizona, demonstrates how political economic conditions were sources of an uneven bargaining context during the process of project negotiations. Because of this unevenness, interests of profiteers were favored at the expense of others. Organized resistance during each phase of stadium building and concentration of increasing revenues in the hands of fewer business operators reflect uneven consequences. These were desired outcomes of the corporate-led coalition's strategy for expansion through the manipulation of state authority and the exclusionary production of space. I expand the application of urban-regime analysis to examine the role of unevenness in local governance.

Recent governmental interventions in Public Administration, (such as annulment of Ministry of Public Order and alteration to Sub Ministry of Interior, Public Administration and Decentralization, annulment of General Secretariats, e.t.c) bring at forefront the, always crucial, matters of modernization of the Country's Administrative Structures, crack on bureaucracy, etc.