Suchergebnisse

The collection of the Institute of Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences Siberian Branch is based on Tibet and Mongolian books accumulated by generations of Buryat scholars, local historians, museum workers. In accordance with the RF Government Regulations of December 23, 2016 № 2800-r, RAS SB Institute of Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies is an academic organization to deposit of the RF Archival Fund documents that constitute the national property. To preserve and to study this rich heritage, the Institute's Center for Oriental Manuscripts and Xylography was established. The author describes in detail the specialized database comprising bibliographic records of medical literature in the Center's Tibetan collection. Based on the revealed information objects, authority records (metadata) of the following types were created: «person», «work», and «location». The rare publications were processed in accordance with the description scheme introduced by the international consortium Asian Classics Input Project (ACIP). The database gives insight into the content and genre diversity of the Tibetan medical literature corpus оn the whole, and may be used for developing offline and online apps for research and education; it can also make the core of e-libraries and knowledge bases. ; Основу собрания Института монголоведения, буддологии и тибетологии (ИМБТ) СО РАН составляют тибетские и монгольские книги, собранные многими поколениями бурятских исследователей, краеведов, музейных работников. Согласно распоряжению Правительства Российской Федерации от 23 дек. 2016 г. № 2800-р, ИМБТ СО РАН является научной организацией, осуществляющей постоянное хранение документов Архивного фонда РФ, которые находятся в государственной собственности. Для сохранения и изучения этого богатейшего наследия в институте создан Центр восточных рукописей и ксилографов (ЦВРК). В статье подробно рассмотрена специализированная база данных, в которой представлено научное описание корпуса медицинской литературы из коллекции тибетского фонда ЦВРК ИМБТ СО РАН. На основе выявленных информационных объектов созданы авторитетные записи (метаданные) следующих типов: «Лицо», «Произведение», «Место». Обработка раритетных изданий осуществлялась в соответствии со схемой описания, предложенной международным консорциумом Asian Classics Input Project. Созданная БД даёт полное представление о составе и жанровом разнообразии корпуса тибетской медицинской литературы в целом и может быть использована для разработки оффлайновых и онлайновых приложений в образовательных и исследовательских целях, в качестве основы специализированных электронных библиотек и баз знаний.

Currently in the Russian Federation there are changes in the educational sphere, due to the rapidly developing society and technology. Modern means of learning such as informatization, computerization of education come in place of the traditional. These factors influence changes in educational aims and objectives. There is a growing need for teaching teenagers to use new teaching aids, with the help of which they could achieve the desired educational results.Purpose. The purpose is to theoretically substantiate and develop an interactive map as a means of forming historical knowledge among fifth-grade students.Methodology: analysis of pedagogical, psychological, methodical literature, experimental work; questioning; mathematical processing methods of experimental work.Results: the interactive map has become a means of forming historical knowledge among fifth grade students in the condition of personal polysubject interaction of fifth-graders, teachers, parents, which ensures the integrative integrity of the content of the material being studied in the process of creating the Great-Grandfather Military Map.Practical implications: the results obtained should be applied in institutions where educational activities are carried out. ; В настоящее время в Российской Федерации происходят изменения в образовательной сфере, в связи с быстро развивающимся обществом и технологиями. На смену традиционным средствам обучения приходят современные (информатизация, компьютеризация образования). Эти факторы влияют на изменения образовательных целей и задач. Возрастает необходимость в обучении подростков, в использовании новых средств обучения, с помощью которых они могли бы достичь желаемых образовательных результатов.Цель – теоретически обосновать и разработать интерактивную карту как средство формирования исторических знаний у обучающихся пятых классов.Методы или методология проведения работы: анализ педагогической, психологической, методической литературы, опытно-экспериментальная работа; анкетирование; математические методы обработки опытно-экспериментальной работы.Результаты: интерактивная карта стала средством формирования исторических знаний у обучающихся пятых классов в условии личностного полисубъектного взаимодействия пятиклассников, преподавателей, родителей, которое обеспечивает интегративную целостность содержания изучаемого материала в процессе создания карты «Военные дороги прадеда».Область применения результатов: полученные результаты целесообразно применять в учреждениях, в которых осуществляется образовательная деятельность.

At the end of the twentieth century, sustainable development became a universally recognized goal for humanity, countries, regions, enterprises and the population, considering socio-economic and environmental processes in unity and interdependence. New interest in sustainable development is associated with the holding of the UN Conference on sustainable development (September 2015), which stressed the need to monitor progress towards sustainable development and the "green" economy, avoiding the absolutization of traditional macroeconomic indicators. The authorities and management bodies are obliged, according to the UN resolution and the UN targets, to develop strategies for sustainable development of territories for the period up to 2030, to implement the following basic standards of living: improving the quality of life of the population, eradicating poverty, creating a stable infrastructure, promoting sustainable industrialization and innovation, to build technological capacity, to ensure a healthy lifestyle by improving socio-demographic indicators, etc.The paper deals with the actual problem of cognition of the sustainability of regional development with the use of traditional tools to assess the quality of life and additional complex indicators that reflect the effectiveness of governing bodies. The aim of the study is to develop methodological tools for assessing the welfare and quality of life of the population in the regions of the Russian Federation, allowing to know the real level of stability of regional development.In accordance with the goal, the following tasks were solved:– identification of features for traditional tools' application to the assessment of well-being in the context of spatial heterogeneity and its modernization, which allows to reflect the real quality of life in the regions;– to develop a comprehensive indicator of sustainable regional development from the standpoint of reproduction of the population in contrast to the priorities of reproduction of means of production in the field of material production, traditional for Russian economic theory;– to improve the three-pronged concept of sustainable ecological, social and economic development by including in the integral indicator of the sustainability of regional development a block of data reflecting the political state of the region, which in modern conditions has a significant impact on the conditions and quality of life of the population;– to develop a matrix of sustainable development management and assess the qualitative changes in the state of the economy of the region (Kurgan region) for 2006-2016.The object of the study is the quality of life of the population, which adequately reflects the degree of stability of regional development in the context of the regions of the Russian Federation of the Ural Federal District.The subject of the research are social relations (social, economic, demographic, environmental, etc.) arising from the organization and monitoring of the object of the study. ; В конце ХХ века общепризнанной целью для человечества, стран, регионов, предприятий и населения стало устойчивое развитие, в единстве и взаимозависимости рассматривающие социально-экономические и экологические процессы. Новый всплеск интереса к проблемам устойчивого развития связан с проведение Конференции ООН по устойчивому развитию (сентябрь 2015 года), где было подчеркнута необходимость мониторинга прогресса к устойчивому развитию и «зеленой» экономике, дополнение и уход от абсолютизацией традиционных макроэкономических показателей. Органы власти и управления обязаны, в свете резолюции и целевых установок ООН, разработать стратегии устойчивого развития территорий на период до 2030 года, внедрить следующие основные стандарты жизни людей: повышение качества жизни населения, ликвидацию нищеты, созданию стойкой инфраструктуры, содействовать устойчивой индустриализации и инновациям, наращивать технологический потенциал, обеспечить здоровый образа жизни за счет улучшения социально-демографических показателей и т.д.В статье рассматривается актуальная проблема познания устойчивости регионального развития с применением традиционного инструментария к оценке качества жизни и дополнительных комплексных индикаторов, отражающих эффективность деятельности органов управления. Целью исследования является разработка методического инструментария оценки благосостояния и качества жизни населения в регионах Российской Федерации, позволяющего познать реальный уровень устойчивости регионального развития.В соответствии с поставленной целью решались следующие задачи:– выявление особенностей применения традиционного инструментария к оценке благосостояния в условиях пространственной неоднородности и его модернизацию, позволяющую отразить реальное качество жизни в регионах;– разработать комплексный индикатор устойчивого регионального развития с позиции воспроизводства населения в противоположность приоритетам воспроизводства средств производства в сфере материального производства, традиционных для отечественной экономической теории;– усовершенствовать триединую концепцию устойчивого эколого-социально-экономического развития за счет включения в составе интегрального индикатора устойчивости регионального развития блок данных, отражающих политическое состояние региона, который в современных условиях оказывает значительное влияние на условия и качество жизни населения;– разработать матрицу управления устойчивым развитием и оценить качественные изменения состояния экономики региона (Курганской области) за 2006–2016 годы.Объектом исследования является качество жизни населения, которое адекватно отражает степень устойчивости регионального развития в разрезе субъектов РФ Уральского Федерального округа. Предметом исследования являются общественные отношения (социальные, экономические, демографические, экологические и другие), возникающие при организации и осуществлении мониторинга объекта исследования.

Приведен краткий научно-аналитический обзор о современном техническом состоянии и ближайших перспективах развития мировой теплоэнергетики. Рассмотрены основные теплоэнергоустройства, схемы построения и виды тепловых электрических станций (ТЭС). Указаны преимущества и недостатки ТЭС перед другими видами электрических станций, генерирующих тепло и электричество. Приведены основные технические характеристики крупнейших ТЭС Украины. Обозначены существующие проблемные задачи и возможные пути их решения в области теплоэнергетики Украины. ; Preparation of brief scientific and technical review with an analytical analysis about the state, achievements, problems and prospects of development of world thermal power engineering. Known scientific methods of collection, analysis and analytical treatment of the opened scientific and technical information, present in scientific monographs, journals and internet reports, world level in area of thermal power engineering. A brief analytical scientific and technical review is resulted about the present state, achievements, problem tasks and prospects of development of thermal power engineering in the industrially developed countries of the world. Considerable progress is marked in development and creation of technical base of modern thermal power engineering including such thermal power devices (TPD) as steam generators, steam turbines and turbogenerators. Basic TPDs are described, charts of design and types of the modern thermal power plants (TPP), producing in the world about 70 % annual production electric power are presented. From positions of approach of the systems advantages and lacks of TPPs are described before other types of electric stations, generating heat and electric energy in industrial scales. Basic technical descriptions of largest TPPs of Ukraine are resulted, TPDs of powerful power units of which behave to the morally out-of-date past generation and characterized a large physical wear. Some topical problem tasks and possible ways of their decision are indicated in area of thermal power engineering of Ukraine. In a review an accent is done on the necessity of development and acceptance of strategic plan of development of thermal power engineering of Ukraine on the nearest 10 years. A regard is paid to power engineering experts acceleration of rates of introduction in domes-tic practice of achievements alternative and ecologically clean power engineering specialists − especially wind energy and sun energy. Systematization of the scientific and technical materials touching functioning of such important sector of world economy as thermal power engineering known from the sources opened in outer informative space is executed. It is shown that for normal development and determination of the nearest prospects for domestic thermal energy the native revision of power politics of Ukraine is needed. Popularization and deepening for students, engineers and technical specialists and research workers of front-rank scientific and technical knowledge in areaof modern thermal energy, extending their scientific range of interests and further development of scientific and technical progress in society.

Introduction: the article considers some issues of protection of "ethnic" and "cultural" rights of indigenous numerically small peoples of the Russian Federation. It consists of several paragraphs: cultural rights of the indigenous peoples; "cultural" and "ethnic" rights in the Russian Federation; the issue of preserving "ethno-cultural diversity"; the issue of preserving "traditional medicine"; customs of indigenous numerically small peoples as a source of law. Purpose: the authors analyze and compare different approaches to defining the legal nature of the cultural heritage of Russia's indigenous numerically-small peoples as well as measures to protect this heritage, and also give a general description of legal regulation of these peoples' rights protection. Methods: the methodological framework of the research is based on a set of methods of scientific cognition, among which the dialectic method is the major one. The authors use general scientific methods (dialectics, analysis and synthesis, abstraction and concretization) and methods specific to legal science (formal-legal, technical-legal, comparative legal). Results: 1) the international law only mentions "ethnic" and "cultural" rights as well as "traditional knowledge" of indigenous peoples, not giving any legal definitions to these terms; 2) the constitutional law of the Russian Federation also does not contain a legal definition of the above terms; 3) protection of "ethnic" and "cultural" rights is a subject of joint jurisdiction of the Russian Federation and its constituent units, but is actually implemented only at the level of the constituent units; 4) in the Russian Federation there is no well-regulated system of support for "ethnic and cultural diversity" since such a system may impede the prosess of a unified nation formation; 5) existing regulations do not address the issues relating to the support for "traditional medicine" as a manifestation of "ethnic" and "cultural" rights of indigenous numerically small peoples; 6) the rulemaking process in Russia does not take into consideration traditional forms of habitat and customs of these peoples. Conclusions: analysis of the current legislation of the Russian Federation on cultural rights of indigenous numerically small peoples, as well as of scientific literature on the study of ethnic and cultural diversity of the peoples of the Russian Federation has been conducted.

The article explores the evolution of the old industrial regions of Europe - Saarland, Luxembourg and Lorraine, which form a single Saar-Lor-Lux Euro-Region. The historical processes of industrialization, neo- and post-industrialization of Saarland, Luxembourg and Lorraine are analyzed as the stages of a unified technological evolution of the Euro-Region. The factors of the formation of heavy industry sectors in the Saar-Lor-Lux, their further development and crisis in the 1960?1990s are shown. The author highlights that the formation of new (automotive) and advanced (electronic, aerospace) industries in the regions, as well as a powerful highly qualified services sector, went along with the rationalization and modernization of production in the metallurgical industry. The focus is made on the current socioeconomic situation. The role of government measures in the restructuring of regional economies is demonstrated. The authors provide insight into the interaction in the Euro-Region as one of the most important factors in its economic development. The conclusion is that modern industrial production in the Euro- Region is closely intertwined with the sphere of scientific research, education and management. In the Euro-Region, cross-border cooperative networks have been created, and technological clusters are being formed. Former regions of traditional industrial sectors are becoming flagships of neo-industrialization, in which basic industries remain the core of the region's innovative development. © 2020 Institute of Europe Russian Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved.

The review presents the manuscript of the textbook "Criminalistics", which is being prepared for publication. In the manuscript, the authors of the textbook, based on the established traditional approaches to criminology textbooks that have developed in Russian science, consistently present the material that is conceptually linked by the table of contents of the publication. It pays special attention not only to the already established and well-established educational knowledge, but also to the knowledge relevant to the current situation in which the law enforcement agencies of Russia function. Consistently in the sections of the criminalistics system in the textbook, the issues of criminalistic identification, forecasting, situational modeling and the basics of information and methodological use of criminalistics data in other types of law enforcement activities are revealed. The textbook reflects almost all the institutes of technical support of the investigation, including the issues of genetic identification of the individual, the study of computer information, the basics of the use of "artificial" intelligence in the investigation of crimes, expert activity in the investigation. Special attention is paid to the tactics of verbal and non-verbal investigative actions. For the first time, the issue of establishing causal relationships in the process of investigating crimes is considered. In the system of private forensic techniques, the authors have included both traditional and current methods of investigating crimes against public security and state power, terrorist and extremist orientation, official and official crimes, as well as crimes committed in the field of computer information.

Introduction. The period of active global cybernetization and business automation was marked by a problem for Russian employers in the form of a shortage of qualified personnel capable of ensuring the development and competitiveness of business in the world markets.Methodology and sources. Sociology of education as a social institution has been developing since 1970 s. Its current theoretical foundation is based on two principles: 1) The principle of mutual convergence of social institutions (education – business, education – state, education – family); 2) Variety of educational practices as a factual manifestation of the phenomenon of continuous education. Today corporative learning is one of such practices that radically change the ecosystem of traditional education.Results and discussion. There was a problem of forming a system of training new human resources that meet the changing economic realities. Until the 1990s, before the collapse of the country and the beginning of political and economic reforms, the Russian Federation had a system of higher education as one of the most stable and well-established mechanisms for training personnel for all sectors of the economy. An indicator of the effectiveness of this system was that graduates of Russian universities were invited to work by well-known corporations from many countries of the world.Over the years of reforms, Russia has lost its previous model of education, which today significantly affects the quality of training. Many Russian enterprises are forced to follow the path of independent training and retraining of specialists. Development of corporative is necessary to compensate for the limitations of traditional higher education. At first, the training was organized locally and had a haphazard character, but over time, Russian entrepreneurs began to adopt foreign experience in forming a knowledge system in the company and even create corporate universities.Conclusion. The study examines the prerequisites for the formation of the system and the development of the corporate education market, provides current models of knowledge accumulation and suggests the author's cognitive model of professional development of personnel. ; Введение. Активизация глобальной кибернетизации и автоматизации бизнеса обусловила появление новых проблем у российских работодателей преимущественно в виде дефицита квалифицированных кадров, способных обеспечить развитие конкурентоспособности бизнеса на мировых рынках. Это детерминировало необходимость изменения системы подготовки новых кадровых ресурсов, удовлетворяющих меняющимся экономическим реалиям.Методология и источники. Методологически работа основывается на теоретических позициях конструкционизма и коннективизма, а также на критическом анализе отечественной и зарубежной литературы по вопросам образования. Социология образования как социального института развивается с 1970-х гг. Основой ее сегодняшнего теоретического фундамента являются два принципа: 1) принцип взаимной конвергенции социальных институтов (образование – бизнес, образование – государство, образование – семья и т. д.); 2) многообразие образовательных практик как фактуальное проявление феномена непрерывного образования. Корпоративное обучение сегодня – одна из таких практик, в корне изменяющих экосистему традиционного образования. Для подтверждения установок авторов используется статистический подход.Результаты и обсуждение. До 90-х гг. прошлого века, до момента распада Советского Союза и начала политических и экономических реформ, в Российской Федерации система высшего образования была одним из самых стабильных и хорошо отлаженных механизмов подготовки кадров для всех секторов экономики. Показателем эффективности данной системы было то, что выпускников российских вузов приглашали на работу известные корпорации многих стран мира.За годы реформ Россия утратила прежнюю модель образования, что значительно сказалось на качестве подготовки кадров. Многие российские предприятия и бизнес-структуры вынуждены были пойти по пути самостоятельного обучения с дополнительной переподготовкой специалистов. Сначала обучение организовывалось на местах и носило бессистемный характер, но со временем российские предприниматели стали перенимать зарубежный опыт формирования системы знаний в компании и даже создавать корпоративные университеты.Заключение. На основе проведенного анализа определены издержки формирования такой системы и развития наличного рынка корпоративного образования, приведены актуальные модели накопления знаний и предложена авторская когнитивная модель профессионального развития кадров.

The article examines the functional responsibilities and competencies of modern specialists who work in the advertising field, public communications, and marketing communications. Those specialists have to be ready for constant changes and the use of current technologies because the communication sphere is very mobile, also depends on the use of new technologies, and is associated with the development of the infosphere. And because of that, the employers' requirements for candidates are constantly updated.
To compare presented in the scholarly literature theoretical models and the modern employers' requirements, the author studied the traditional specialists' functions and competencies, which are described in scientific works, higher education programs, and state educational standards. Also, was made a cut of the employers' practical expectations who post job openings on the Headhunter website, which is one of the most popular jobs search and recruiting services. Also were analyzed requirements for a large Russian and international companies stated in the openings posted in January–June 2020.
Based on the analysis, the author concludes the ratio of traditional and new functions in the communicative field workers' job, about the requirements for their knowledge and skills, which are divided into the categories of hard skills and soft skills.
As a result, it was concluded that modern employers are in demand for specialists who can perform traditional functions that have proven their effectiveness, as well as use all relevant modern technologies in their job. The equally important right combination of hard skills and soft skills as the basis of the professional activity of a modern specialist.

The article provides the reconstruction of the English terminological
system of morality and its language features in one of the most famous papers of
John Locke An Essay Сoncerning Human Understanding (1689). We study this
philosophical paper within the framework of cognitive and discursive paradigm of
linguistic knowledge and aim to investigate the ideas about human nature and the
principles behind the work of human mind. Laws and principles were formulated
by the scholar on the basis of nature determination in human thinking and ideas
appearance in individual psychological system. The article investigates in detail
conceptual dominants of the moral philosophy and terminology in Locke's paper
and, besides that, key metaphors in Locke's discourse used for the description of
human thinking including tabula rasa, empty cabinet, fountains of knowledge,
knowledge is light. On the one hand, these conceptual metaphors are deeply rooted
in the historical and philosophical context, and on the other, they were understandable to his contemporaries, as he used recognizable words and images. Locke not
only changes the actual linguistic representation of some of the traditional philosophical metaphors, but shifts the emphasis, leading to novel interpretations and
complicating the system of ideas as a whole. To understand main components of the
philosopher's framework we took into account earlier papers of various scholars as
the material for comparison. These components include the process by which new
types of knowledge are formed and pathways by which the already existing types
are recategorized under the impact of sociocultural factors. It was shown that the
system of morality is grounded on the 17th-century views on how the human mind
works and embodies the language representation of terminological sphere of morality.

The article analyzes the role of legal science and education in the formation of the legal culture of the population, taking into account the tasks set by the Foundations of the state cultural policy. It is concluded that jurisprudence plays an important role in the formation of a high level of legal consciousness of the population and its national identity. Intensive legal education and the possibility of obtaining legal knowledge by a wide range of people will help to create a positive image of the state (including in works of art) and strengthen civil self-identity. The destructive activity of "unfriendly countries" can be overcome by strengthening traditional values, which form the basis of the constitutional system of Russia and are embodied in various legal institutions. The developed legal culture of the population will help to avoid socio-psychological dependence on external influence, will become the basis of unity and cohesion of Russian society, the uni cation of the multinational people of the Russian Federation. The authors of the article propose to popularize legal science and law enforcement practice, to promote youth movements in the eld of patriotic education and legal education, to develop the system of legal education by organizing lectures, seminars, round tables, conferences in order to strengthen the spirit of unity, cohesion, friendship of peoples, as well as traditional values in society.

На основании изучения и анализа современного состояния и тенденций развития инженерного образования в Украине и в мире, определена необходимость и предложены направления выхода из кризиса высшей технической школы Украины на государственном уровне, а также основные направления инновационных преобразований на примере организации образовательного процесса в Херсонском национальном техническом университете. Предложенные инновации предусматривают реформирования учебного процесса с использованием современных образовательных технологий, средств, методов и моделей обучения, и основываются на новом уровне организации процесса и взаимоотношений его участников на всех стадиях обучения и контроля знаний, умений и навыков, с учетом запросов со стороны работодателей, как конечных потребителей образовательных услуг. ; Global changes in the socio-political system and the economic sector of the country have had a significant impact on the activities of technical higher education institutions at present. In addition, traditional educational technologies can no longer provide the necessary level of engineering training of specialists, taking into account the dynamic development of the modern economy. Based on the study and analysis of the current state and trends in the development of engineering education in Ukraine and in the world, the necessity and directions for the exit from the crisis of the higher technical school of Ukraine at the state level have been determined, as well as the main directions of innovative transformations based on the organization of the educational process at the Kherson National Technical University, Implementation of which, according to the authors, will provide an opportunity to train future specialists at the level of world standards and requirements. The proposed innovations envisage reforming the educational process using modern educational technologies, means, methods and models of training, and are based on a new level of organization of the process and the relationships of its participants at all stages of training and monitoring knowledge, skills and abilities, taking into account the requests from employers, as final consumers of educational services.

The content, legends and methods of designing the basic soil maps in complex regional atlases published over the past 60 years were analyzed. The atlases were grouped in accordance with the time of publication and potential users. The main attention was paid to the content and conceptual background of maps, their compliance with the rules and experience of traditional soil mapping in Russia, as well as to the requirements for soil maps, i. e. completeness of information with new knowledge included, visual clarity and readability. The content of maps is assessed in the following aspects: natural soils, presence of human-modified soils, classification used, soil cover composition and pattern, relief, and soil texture. The legends were evaluated in terms of information on soils and presentation of the mapping concepts, namely, legend structure, the number of units and the order of soils in the legend; methods of cartographic presentation were discussed as well. Soil maps in the atlases dating from the second half of the last century were compiled in accordance with the zonality concept; the soils basically corresponded to the USSR soil classification (1977) with some additions. In the atlases of the latest period, there are several maps compiled according to the new classification of soils in Russia. Soil maps in the atlases mostly used standard cartographic techniques; at present a certain deviation from the rules and standards of traditional soil cartography is obvious, which affects the information content and visual clarity of maps

Mongolia is known first of all as an original traditional culture with the nomadic way of life that has been preserved up to these days along with other forms of management. The dependence of a culture on its geographical and economical conditions is obvious: it is impossible to preserve, develop or improve a national culture without efficient economics. There is no development of economy without innovations. There are no innovations without investments. This knowledge has been successfully used by China for its policy of the "open doors". Nowadays Mongolia is also trying to carry out the "multi-vector" policy, having added the Western community to its traditional partners – Russia and China. Some Western investors have recently drawn their attention to Mongolia. They prefer to make investments mostly in the mining industry as it runs at a great profit. The Mongolian economy has been developing dynamically lately and has achieved a success although in general it cannot be characterized as a multi-branch one like the economies of the highly-developed countries. The Mongolian engineering industry is underdeveloped, the government finances the growth of sciences insufficiently. However, the economy of Mongolia is developing more dynamically than those of other countries. At present Mongolia seems to be the most promising sale market in the Asian-Pacific region. ; Монголия известна прежде всего как самобытная традиционная культура с кочевым образом жизни, который сохранился и по сей день наряду с другими формами хозяйствования. Связь культуры с географическими и с экономическими условиями очевидна: без эф- фективной экономики невозможно сохранять, развивать и совершенствовать национальную культуру. Без инноваций нет развития экономики. Без инвестиций нет внедрения инноваций. Эту цепочку успешно использовал Китай в политике «открытых дверей», ей сегодня следует и Монголия, проводящая «многовекторную» политику и добавившая к числу своих традиционных партнеров, России и Китаю, западное сообщество, которое в последнее время обратило внимание на Монголию как на объект для инвестиций. Вложения капитала приносят доход в первую очередь от горнодобывающей промышленности. Успешные шаги в сторону динамичного развития экономики Монголии сделаны в последние годы, хотя в целом она еще далека от многоотраслевой, характерной для развитых стран. Слабо развито машиностроение, недостаточен общий уровень развития науки из-за малого государственного финансирования. Тем не менее, в экономическом отношении Монголия развивается наиболее динамично и представляется едва ли не самым перспективным рынком сбыта во всем Азиатско-Тихоокеанском регионе.Ключевые слова: экономика Монголии, инновационная экономика.The positive experience of the innovative economy of Mongolia as the basis for the development of the modern culture Mongolia is known first of all as an original traditional culture with the nomadic way of life that has been preserved up to these days along with other forms of management. The dependence of a culture on its geographical and economical conditions is obvious: it is impossible to preserve, develop or improve a national culture without efficient economics. There is no development of economy without innovations. There are no innovations without investments. This knowledge has been successfully used by China for its policy of the "open doors". Nowadays Mongolia is also trying to carry out the "multi-vector" policy, having added the Western community to its traditional partners – Russia and China. Some Western investors have recently drawn their attention to Mongolia. They prefer to make investments mostly in the mining industry as it runs at a great profit. The Mongolian economy has been developing dynamically lately and has achieved a success although in general it cannot be characterized as a multi-branch one like the economies of the highly-developed countries. The Mongolian engineering industry is underdeveloped, the government finances the growth of sciences insufficiently. However, the economy of Mongolia is developing more dynamically than those of other countries. At present Mongolia seems to be the most promising sale market in the Asian-Pacific region.Keywords: economy of Mongolia, innovative economy.

The article deals with reproduction of qualified labour power, methods, conditions and the model of forming professional competence of young specialists who are graduates of institutions. The main items of the article include requirements to the performance of training professional workforce in terms of globalization and structural changes in economics; problems, that hinder reproduction and employment professionally competent workers and specialists; it reveals that nowadays the term "competence" is a crucial criterion of professional education and integral workforce performance index and plays the significant role in evaluating specialists' qualification level according to the UNESCO requirements on transition to the concept of human competence and the national performance evaluation system' statute; standards endorsed by the Government of the Russian Federation and federal authorities on issues dealing with improvement of qualified staff training and implementation of the competency-based approach; the main ways of competency-based approach implementation to the professional training of higher institutions and secondary schools graduates; the paper analyzes the basic workforce performance criteria; transition to the new paradigm: from the traditional "knowledge" approach to the competency-based one in determining objectives of professional education, selection of education contents, organization of education process and evaluation of its results from the position of professional education institutions' graduates' availability in efficient labour through the constantly changing conditions; presented the main terms of achieving professional competence by the all level professional education institutions' graduates; showed the necessity to create innovative education environment in professional education institutions and regions of the country; given the stages to achieve professional competence of professional education institutions' graduates. The methods and approaches used in this research: competence-based, personally-centered, activity-based approaches, humanization of education, formation of knowledge, skills and habits, professional and cultural competencies for the graduates, employment by profession, efficient employment and step-by-step achievement of professional competence. The novelty of this research is explained by the developed model of forming professional competence for professional education institutions' graduates. This model includes two stages and offers a complex system, with its stages and components closely interconnected, as function of each stages present the condition of efficient functioning of the whole system's other components and stages. At the first stage – professional education in professional education institutions should be considered as the initial stage of forming basics of graduates' future professional competence, mastering knowledge, skills, habits, professional and cultural competencies, humanitarian development, value aims and professional motivation. The nature of worker's competence being the product of professional education in professional education institutions, does not originate from it, but is the consequence of the further self-development and experience in labour activities of young specialists. Therefore, at the second stage (efficient employment) successful labour, adaptation in firms, work experience by profession are particularly needed for achieving professional competence by the graduates. ; В статье анализируются проблемы воспроизводства квалифицированной рабочей силы, изложены методология, условия и модель формирования профессиональной компетентности молодых специалистов – выпускников всех уровней учреждений профессионального образования (УПО). Основными пунктами изложенной автором статьи являются: требования к качеству подготовки профессионально-компетентной рабочей силы в условиях глобализации и структурных изменений в экономике; проблемы, которые затрудняют воспроизводство, трудоустройство и использование профессионально-компетентных рабочих и специалистов; показано, что в настоящее время, в соответствии с рекомендациями Юнеско о переходе к концепции компетентности человека и положением национальной системы оценки качества специалистов, термин «компетентность» становится ведущим при оценке уровня квалификации работников, важнейшим критерием профессионального образования и интегральным показателем качества рабочей силы; изложены принятые Правительством РФ и федеральными органами нормативные документы по проблемам совершенствования подготовки квалифицированных кадров и реализации компетентностного подхода; изложены основные направления реализации компетентностного подхода к профессиональной подготовке выпускников вузов и СПО; проанализированы основные критерии качества рабочей силы; обоснован переход к новой парадигме: от традиционной знаниевой к компетентностному подходу в определении целей профессионального образования, отбора содержания обучения, организации образовательного процесса и оценки его результатов с позиций готовности выпускников УПО эффективно трудиться в меняющихся условиях; изложены основные условия достижения профессиональной компетентности выпускниками всех уровней УПО; показана необходимость создания в учреждениях профессионального образования и регионах страны инновационной образователь-ной среды; изложены этапы достижения профессиональной компетентности выпускников УПО. Методологическая основа исследования: компетентностный, личностно-ориентированный, деятельностный подходы, гуманизация образования, формирование у выпускников знаний, навыков, умений, профессиональных и общекультурных компетенций, трудоустройство по полученной профессии, эффективная занятость и поэтапное достижение профессиональной компетентности. Новизной проведенного исследования является разработанная автором модель формирования профессиональной компетентности выпускников УПО, которая включает два этапа и представляет собой сложную структуру, этапы и компоненты которой должны тесно взаимодействовать между собой, поскольку функционирование каждого из них является условием эффективного функционирования остальных компонентов и этапов структуры. Первый этап – профессиональное обучение в УПО – дол-жен рассматриваться как начальная стадия формирования основ будущей профессиональной компетентности выпускников, освоение ими знаний, навыков, умений, профессиональных и общекультурных компетенций, гуманитарное развитие, формирование ценностных установок и профессиональной мотивации. Природа компетентности работника такова, что она, являясь продуктом профессионального образования в УПО, не прямо вытекает из него, а является следствием дальнейшего саморазвития и опыта трудовой деятельности молодых специалистов. Поэтому на втором этапе (эффективная занятость) для достижения профессиональной компетентности выпускникам необходимо успешно трудоустроиться, адаптироваться в организациях и прибрести творческий опыт трудовой деятельности по полученной специальности (профессии).