Suchergebnisse

The loss of biodiversity, one of the environmental problems with an acknowledged planet-wide impact, has been addressed by a convention which highlights the need to take into account the "knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities" in a context of sustainable development. This rehabilitation of the traditional practices and knowledge of communities undermined by several decades of development raises a number of problems as to its relevance, forms, and procedures. The multidisciplinary research we have carried out in Brazilian Amazonia on the management of the varietal diversity of cassava by various local groups provides a good illustration of this. After presenting the Amazonian context in which cassava is cultivated, we look at the institutional and organizational environments in which the communities concerned live before taking up the question of emerging political configurations involved in preserving local knowledge. Non-governmental organisations play a significant role politically, as intermediaries between the local level and the state's political and administrative institutions. The dynamics observed testify to a far-reaching change in the way "indigenous communities" relate to the society around them. (Original abstract)

Der Beitrag berichtet von einem Projekt am WZB mit der Fragestellung, wie traditionelles Wissen geschützt werden könnte und sollte. Ausgangsposition der Forschung ist ein "demonstratives Bekenntnis" aller Beteiligten zur Legitimität der Autonomieansprüche der indigenen Gruppen, einschließlich des Anspruchs auf Wiederherstellung alter Landrechte und auf Anerkennung des Stammesgewohnheitsrechts als Grundlage der Interaktion mit dem "Rest der Welt". Thematisch geht es um Anwendung des indigenen Gewohnheitsrechts, Einschränkung der Patentierbarkeit, Gewinnbeteiligung (benefit sharing) - je nachdem, was die Träger des Wissens fordern. Für die Indigenen sind sie Ausdruck ihres unveräußerlichen Rechts an ihrem Wissen. Die Ausführungen zeigen insgesamt, dass letztlich Gerechtigkeit für indigene Völker auf anderen Wegen gesucht werden muss als über ein Regime des geistigen Eigentums an traditionellem Wissen. Trotzdem wird die Forderung nach mehr Schutz für traditionelles Wissen auf der politischen Agenda bleiben müssen. In diesem Sinne renationalisieren die Staaten der Dritten Welt die genetischen Ressourcen und indigene Gemeinschaften, und die mit ihnen verbündeten NGOs reklamieren traditionelles Wissen, das schon allgemein bekannt ist, als exklusives Gruppeneigentum. (ICA2)

AbstractThis essay examines the role of data practices in the making and refuting of settler colonial environmental science. Investigating the epistemic contestation surrounding environmental contamination produced by the oil industry in Alberta, Canada, I discuss an alternative approach to toxicology: a community‐based monitoring programme that uses a 'three‐track' methodology to present data in three distinct forms. Using this method, First Nations communities engaged in strategic translation, balancing their aim of rendering Traditional Knowledge and community needs legible to policy‐makers against their desire to protect Traditional Knowledge from being assimilated into the dominant data paradigm. This translation, I argue, enacts a form of resistance in an era of relentless datafication: making‐things‐into‐data can reflect the exercise of agency rather than submission to external pressure. In this way, the three‐track methodology models how marginalized communities can leverage data's productive capacities for their own ends and produce scientific knowledge on their own terms.

This introductory essay to the special issue, "The Future of Traditional Knowledge Research: Building Partnership and Capacity," discusses some of the fundamental issues about what researchers and Indigenous peoples face in collaborating research. It also discusses how contributing authors have dealt with these problems in the past.

When arrows from the jungle aim to the heart of the modern intellectual property rights -- Towards a horizontal and vertical institutionalisation of TKGR trade -- TKGR protection: major implementation lines -- Contractual accommodation of rights to TKGR -- To protect or not to protect -- Where traditional knowledge meets modern IPRS

The loss of biodiversity, one of the environmental problems with an acknowledged planet-wide impact, has been addressed by a convention that highlights the need to take into account the 'knowledge, innovations & practices of indigenous & local communities' in a context of sustainable development. This rehabilitation of the traditional practices & knowledge of communities undermined by several decades of development raises a number of problems as to its relevance, forms, & procedures. The multidisciplinary research we have carried out in Brazilian Amazonia on the management of the varietal diversity of cassava by various local groups provides a good illustration of this. After presenting the Amazonian context in which cassava is cultivated, we look at the institutional & organizational environments in which the communities concerned live before taking up the question of emerging political configurations involved in preserving local knowledge. Nongovernmental organizations play a significant role politically, as intermediaries between the local level & the state's political & administrative institutions. The dynamics observed testify to a far-reaching change in the way 'indigenous communities' relate to the society around them. 19 References. Adapted from the source document.

The loss of biodiversity, one of the environmental problems with an acknowledged planet‐wide impact, has been addressed by a convention which highlights the need to take into account the "knowledge, innovations and practices of indigenous and local communities" in a context of sustainable development. This rehabilitation of the traditional practices and knowledge of communities undermined by several decades of development raises a number of problems as to its relevance, forms, and procedures. The multidisciplinary research we have carried out in Brazilian Amazonia on the management of the varietal diversity of cassava by various local groups provides a good illustration of this. After presenting the Amazonian context in which cassava is cultivated, we look at the institutional and organizational environments in which the communities concerned live before taking up the question of emerging political configurations involved in preserving local knowledge. Non‐governmental organisations play a significant role politically, as intermediaries between the local level and the state's political and administrative institutions. The dynamics observed testify to a far‐reaching change in the way "indigenous communities" relate to the society around them.