FrontMatter -- Reviewers -- Preface -- Contents -- Tables, Figures, and Boxes -- Acronyms and Abbreviations -- Summary -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Context for LGBT Health Status in the United States -- 3 Conducting Research on the Health Status of LGBT Populations -- 4 Childhood/Adolescence -- 5 Early/Middle Adulthood -- 6 Later Adulthood -- 7 Recommendations -- Appendix A: Study Activities -- Appendix B: Literature Review -- Appendix C: Glossary -- Appendix D: Biosketches of Committee Members and Staff -- Index.
This ethnography is situated in transgender and hijra communities primarily within and surrounding the Mumbai and Lucknow metropolitan areas of India. This study of contemporary and current trans-hijra music and dance practices follows three primary guiding questions: (1) In what ways do individual musical talent and versatility contribute to representations of (the transitioning) self?; (2) In what ways are these representations tied to the hijra gharānā (household, literally 'of the house'), socialization and izzat ('respect'; see Reddy 2005), and other organizational motifs in hijra culture?; and (3) How are these representations tied to the emergence of LGBTIQ pehchān ('identity') politics, and (changing) conceptions of gender and sexuality in a larger societal scale? Owing to my own frame of reference, and to the complex dynamics of desire permeating issues of identity in trans-hijra cultures, this dissertation employs a queer approach to documentary filmmaking as a research method. Accordingly, I investigate how queer (American) perspectives and ethnographic methodologies are tied to the creation and/or contestation of trans-hijra pehchān, as well as (the creation of) the field itself. As part of a larger effort to expound on what I call "queer ethnomusicological filmmaking," I argue that queerly documenting trans-hijra performance participates in and alongside the (con)figuration of trans-hijra pehchān by performatively engaging in key identity-forming processes, amplifying voices on a global LGBTIQ platform, and reconstituting preexisting tropes of the hijra through a lens of transgender respectability, talent, and professionalism. While some scholars have investigated hijras, little English-language scholarship exists on the music and dance practices of these communities. This dissertation represents an effort to fill this void, building partly upon the survey work of Nazir Ali Jairazbhoy (1988 [1963]) and Anna Morcom (2013), and contributing new visual ethnomusicological material alongside the ethnographic works of Gayatri Reddy (2005), among others. The timeliness of this research is also supported by the April 2014 recognition of the "Third Gender" community by the Indian Supreme Court, a bill that was introduced by a project participant, Laxmi Narayan Tripathi. In exploring the connections between hijra music and identity, this dissertation represents and engages with current discourses surrounding issues of gender, sexuality, and identity in India's emerging LGBTIQ landscape.
Many queer foreigners perceive Thailand as a gay paradise. They have an image of the country as having a tolerant attitude towards LGBTIQ+. However, for Thai LGBTIQ+, Western countries evoke wealth, progress, and acceptance where people with a different gender identity or sexual orientation can fully enjoy their rights. Thai LGBTIQ+, like men and women, strive to go abroad seeking a life they dream of. This article aims to give an account of one of these marginalized groups' experience that is often neglected by both Thai and Western transnational scholars. Based on an ethnographic study in four European countries with 26 Thai transgender informants, this article argues that migration needs to be considered as a search for one's well-being, not only in terms of economic aspects, but also in terms of sentimental or emotional needs - that is, the possibility of living their gender and being socially and legally accepted. In this transcultural context, not only do people move across borders, but they also export with them perceptions and understandings about sex, gender, and sexuality from their home country. These aspects are renegotiated and rearticulated in the new socio-cultural milieu of the host countries in order to maximize these new conditions for their own interest. They may or may not reveal their transgender identity, depending on contexts, social interactions, and whom they are dealing with. Their transgender identity can offer them advantages, particularly in the realm of sex.
Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Contents -- Contributors -- Chapter 1: Affirming and Gender-Informed Assessment of Gender Diverse and/or Transgender Youth Across Development -- Introduction -- Framing the Gender-Informed Assessment -- Terminology -- Role of the Mental Health Provider in Gender-Informed Assessment -- Diagnostic Criteria -- Psychopathology in Youth Presenting with Gender-Related Concerns -- Structure of the Assessment -- Length -- Developmental Considerations -- Collateral Information -- Documentation -- Interviewing About Gender Identity -- Questions for the Prepubertal Child -- Questions for the Adolescent -- Assessment Constructs -- Pronoun and Name Use -- Gender Identity, Gender Expression, and Sexual Orientation -- Family Dynamics -- Coping Strategies -- Psychosocial and Community Factors -- Psychometric Instruments -- Psychometric Instruments for Children -- Psychometric Instruments for Adolescents -- Assessing for Appropriateness for Hormonal and/or Surgical Interventions -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2: Social Gender Transition and the Psychological Interventions -- Introduction -- Gender Development -- Social Gender Transition -- Defining Social Gender Transition -- Historical Approaches to Prepubertal Gender Diverse Children -- Social Gender Transition in Prepubertal Children -- Social Gender Transition in Adolescents -- Other Psychological Interventions -- Supportive Psychotherapy -- Psychopharmacology -- Nonphysiological Transition Interventions with Psychological Benefit -- Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3: Transgender Adolescents and the Gender-Affirming Interventions: Pubertal Suppression, Hormones, Surgery, and Other Pharmacological Interventions -- Introduction -- Pubertal Stages, Physical Changes, and Hormonal Changes -- Medical Interventions -- Puberty Suppression.
This unique resource offers an in-depth, comprehensive look at different types of mental health needs of transgender and gender diverse youth, how these intersect with gender identity, gender expression, and sexual orientation, and provides practical information on how to ethically, responsibly, and sensitively care for these patients. Affirmative Mental Health Care for Transgender and Gender Diverse Youth: A Clinical Guide begins with three introductory chapters which contain practical information regarding assessment, psychological interventions, and the potential medical and surgical interventions that are indicated for youth with gender identity concerns. The remaining chapters are illustrated by multiple cases build around overarching chapter themes. Each case chapter opens with broad questions applicable to clinical practices, while the cases themselves focus on a particular co-occuring mental health condition. The case chapters are structured with intersectionality in mind, including elements of ethnic, racial, and cultural diversity, and the patients range over the full developmental spectrum, from pre-pubertal children to older adolescents. Chapter cases range in complexity as well, to provide readers with the tools they need to evaluate patients, and to assist in the decision of which presenting factors to prioritize in treatment at which time. Ending each chapter are clinical take-home messages, closing with additional practical knowledge that can be applied to other cases providers may see in their own practices. Written by expert clinicians in the field, Affirmative Mental Health Care for Transgender and Gender Diverse Youth: A Clinical Guide is an ideal resource not only for child and adolescent psychiatrists, but for clinicians across all mental health disciplines working with gender non-conforming youth, and who are interested in providing informed, affirmative, and intersectional care.
This study, the first in its scope on transgender religiosity, is based on in-depth biographical interviews with 13 transgender participants with a Jewish Orthodox background (currently and formerly Orthodox). The primary aim of the study has been to elucidate the entanglements of gender and religion in three periods of the participants' lives: pre-transition, transition and post-transition. One of the main topics investigated have been the ways participants negotiated gendered religious practices in those three periods. A secondary aim of this study has been to co-theorize, in dialogue with the participants, different possible paths for religious change; that is, the ways in which the larger Orthodox community might respond to the presence of openly transgender members in its midst. Concerning the findings, in the course of this study I have developed the themes of dislocations and reversal stories to explain how the participants negotiated the entanglements of gender and religion particularly in the transitional and post-transitional periods. The latter theme–reversal stories–has been of special relevance to explain how gendered religious practices, which were generally detrimental to the acceptance of the participants' gender identities during the pre-transitional period, had the potential to become a powerful source for gender affirmation after transition. In this study I argue that this possibility and its related mode of agency are not contained within the binary resistance/subordination that feminist scholars have developed to account for the agency of women in traditionalist religions. In order to better conceptualize the notion of agency and explore the nature of the mutual entanglements of gender and religion, I deploy the body of theoretical work developed by Karen Barad known as agential realism. Lastly, I conclude by examining my initial commitments to social constructionism (in Peter Berger's definition). In the final chapter, I describe how in the course of my study I have encountered three unexpected sites of resistance to social constructionism that have led me to reconsider my previous epistemological commitments and embrace posthumanism as a more satisfactory alternative. ; The Impact of Religion - Challenges for Society, Law and Democracy
In this essay, our purposes are to inspire particular avenues of future research addressing Transgender students, in middle school in particular, and to inform the professional development of teachers in support of these Transgender youth. In relation to the ways in which research can more authentically represent Transgender identity, we argue for the use of Transgender theory as a guiding framework for research addressing Transgender students, issues, and needs. We also describe the particular affordances of qualitative, ethnographic, and phenomenological studies in capturing the unique and highly personal experiences and realities of Transgender individuals, and specifically, in middle school. We then discuss how schools are structured socially and politically along heteronormative and cisnormative lines, presenting a stumbling block for Transgender rights advocacy in educational contexts. Finally, we review the potential of teachers to be the necessary educational change agents to spur greater understanding of and advocacy for students' gender inclusivity.
This qualitative study was conducted in Penang, Malaysia with the aim to analyze and gather in-depth understanding of challenges faced by transgender who used drugs. This study also aimed to understand some of the psychosocial support eceived by this marginal population in terms of overcoming their substance useehaviour. Eighteen respondents between the ages of 18 and 40 years were selected through the snowballing sampling technique due to the difficulty of getting the targeted respondents. The study found that all of the 18 respondents who participated in this study, only 4 respondents have used cannabis and methamphetamine ecstasy over a period of 12 months prior to the present study. The rest of the respondents in this study doesn't involved with drugs. This study suggests that both government and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) should continue to provide appropriate HIV and AIDS intervention the transgender population. Social work intervention primarily in educating this marginal population towards the prevention of HIV transmission especially preventing from drugs substance uses which are associated with behaviours that facilitate HIV transmission in their daily life.
Title page -- Table of Contents -- Copyright -- Contributors -- Forthcoming Issues -- Preface -- Social Justice and Advocacy for Transgender and Gender-Diverse Clients -- Key points -- History of the advocacy movement for gender-diverse people -- Role of helping professionals -- Advocacy recommendations -- Summary -- Past and Future Challenges Associated with Standards of Care for Gender Transitioning Clients -- Key points -- Introduction -- What are the standards of care? -- Challenges with the standards of care over time -- Challenges of access to care -- Challenges for mental health professionals -- Challenges moving forward -- Summary -- Transgender and Gender Diverse Clients with Mental Disorders: Treatment Issues and Challenges -- Key points -- Introduction -- Transphobia and gender minority stress -- Prevalence of mental disorders in gender diverse clients -- Psychotic disorders and serious mental illnesses -- Resilience -- Treatment recommendations -- Summary -- Treatment of Trauma and Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in Transgender Adults -- Key points -- Transgender adults and experiences of trauma -- Transgender adults and nonsuicidal self-injury -- Discussion -- Summary -- Affirmative Psychological Testing and Neurocognitive Assessment with Transgender Adults -- Key points -- Establishing provider competence -- Distinguishing mental health symptoms from gender dysphoria -- Effects of hormone therapy on mood and cognition -- Considerations for general assessment and testing -- Evaluation for medical and surgical transition -- Summary -- Barriers, Challenges, and Decision-Making in the Letter Writing Process for Gender Transition -- Key points -- Standards of care -- The gatekeeping role -- Assessment of psychological health -- Letter writing guidelines -- Clinical decision-making and cultural competence -- Challenge one: systemic concerns
Who are transgender youth? -- Transgender youth, mental youth & mental health services -- Transgender youth, physical health & physical health services -- Transgender youth, sexual health & sexual health services -- Transgender youth & education -- Transgender youth, social supports & social services
Despite public concern over immigration enforcement, little attention has been given to transgender immigrants, who are disproportionately at risk for arrest and deportation. Organizations dedicated to protecting LGBT people's rights and immigrant rights have been working to address this issue and shape policy decisions to better protect transgender immigrants in detention centers; however, research has not investigated how these organizations frame transgender immigrant detainees and their experience in detention to accomplish their goals. This current study uses a content analysis of public documents spanning 2009–2021 from the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) and the Transgender Law Center (TLC) to investigate how two legal advocacy organizations frame the issue of transgender immigrants within detention centers. The ACLU rarely discusses transgender immigrants and thus upholds cisnormativity. When they do discuss transgender immigrants, their transgender identity is referenced as a singular issue in isolation from other facets of their identity. The TLC, on the other hand, frames immigration detention for transgender immigrants as part of a larger web of oppression. Through a comparison of the ACLU and TLC, this study underscores the role of cisnormativity as a tool for racialized social control. Findings highlight the importance of a critical, intersectional approach to immigration advocacy and scholarship that challenges the cisnormative assumptions guiding the current immigration system. Implications for future research and service provision are discussed.
Transgender people, being stigmatized, discriminated against, abused, and having less access to social, health, and public health services appear to be a hard-to-reach group for researchers. Thus, with very few opportunities for research, especially representative ones, it is challenging to plan high-quality and effective interventions that would help overcome stigma and discrimination as well as prevent violence against this group. The methods used to recruit respondents from hard-to-reach groups to assume that less visible subgroups can be accessed through the available, more visible ones. Still, the data presented in this article indicate the incoherence of social networks of trans- and non-binary people due to the stigma and discrimination. The main empirical findings aimed to describe the instability of the social ties within a group of transgender and non-binary people, probable explanations for the causes of this instability, and the main lines of the community fragmentation. Personal traumatic experiences of transgender people and the dispersion of the community also affect its weak involvement in civic activities. The paper dwells upon a phenomenon that is argotically called "stealth": a transgender person in a particular time, having achieved the desired result in transgender transition, distances themself from the community, striving to live an everyday life in society in a new gender. Accordingly, such people lose all or most of their social ties with other transgender and/or non-binary people and are inaccessible both to the research aimed at this specific group and to various social programs. Based on the material used in this article, we can discuss the lack of a single community of transgender and non-binary people in Ukraine and the need to use this term about transgender and non-binary people in the plural, not singular, because each subgroup of trans- and non-binary people, is a separate community. At the same time, the existing forms of stable connections are described, such as public organizations, networks of fictitious kinship, etc. This article will be helpful for researchers, as well as project managers whose attention is focused on transgender and non-binary people in Ukraine.
"In Transgender in Imperial China, Matthew Sommer offers a close reading of a series of remarkable, well-documented court cases from the 18th and 19th century Qing dynasty legal archives that deal with sex and gender difference. The book explores practices in their specific historical context and avoids imposing trans-historical identities on people in the past, understanding, in the vein of Susan Stryker's work, that "transgender people" are those who "move away from" the gender assigned at birth and "cross over" the gender boundaries imposed by their society, without assuming any specific motivation or destination for that movement. Sommer details the experience of individuals assigned male at birth who were living as women (and were punished very harshly for the crime of "masquerading in women's attire"), but also includes under the sign "transgender" a range of personae not usually considered in this context, such as cross-dressing "boy actresses" of the opera and those who "left the family" by becoming Buddhist or Daoist clergy or eunuchs in imperial service and renouncing normative gender roles based on marriage and procreation. These cases explore a range of themes in Chinese law, society, and culture, and illuminate how many forms of gender transgression were sanctioned by law in Qing society. In considering all of these scenarios together, Sommer's book unpacks the full story of how sex and gender were understood in the Qing era"--