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"Recent U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) policy banned transgender personnel from serving openly in the military. Potential changes to this policy raised questions regarding access to gender transition--related health care, the range of transition-related treatments that DoD will need to provide, the potential costs associated with these treatments, and the impact of these health care needs on force readiness and the deployability of transgender service members. A RAND study identified the health care needs of the transgender population and transgender service members in particular. It also examined the costs of covering transition-related treatments, assessed the potential readiness implications of a policy change, and reviewed the experiences of foreign militaries that permit transgender personnel to serve openly"--Publisher's description

Policy regarding the inclusion of transgender soldiers in the U.S. military has shifted back and forth in recent years, with public opinion likely a significant factor shaping the eventual policy outcome. As such, this study examines the factors that shape public attitudes toward military service by transgender people. In particular, we examine the influence of sex, social gender roles, and attitudes toward gender in shaping transgender military service attitudes. Further, we hypothesize that personal experiences with the military and with transgender people, along with values, personality predispositions, and religion, are likely to influence individual attitudes. We test these hypotheses using data from a unique October 2015 national survey of American adults. The results suggest that personal experiences, attitudes toward gender roles, and religion have substantial, but sometimes conditional effects on attitudes towards military service by transgender people. ; University of toledo ; University of Kansas ; UCLA school of law ; Ohio University

Part IHistory and Backgroundp. 1 --1A History of Transgender and Gender Diverse Health Care: From Medical Mistreatment to Gender-Affirmative Health Carep. 3 /Farah Naz Khan --2Gender Identity: Terminology, Demographics, and Epidemiologyp. 7 /Sari L. Reisner and Alex S. Keuroghlian and Jennifer Potter --3Health Disparitiesp. 16 /Alex McDowell and Carl G. Streed, Jr. --4Harnessing Information Technology to Improve Clinical Carep. 26 /Chris Grasso and Alex S. Keuroghlian --Part IIGender Identity Emergence and Affirmation in Adultsp. 37 --5Gender Identity Emergence and Affirmation in Adultsp. 39 /Meredith Walker and Meghan McGrath --6Behavioral Health Considerations for Transgender and Gender Diverse Peoplep. 51 /Aude Henin and Christine Darsney and Flavia Vaz De Souza and Hilary Goldhammer and Alex S. Keuroghlian --7Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy for Adultsp. 61 /Julie Thompson --8Nonmedical, Nonsurgical Gender Affirmationp. 74 /Steph DeNormand --9Surgical Gender Affirmationp. 87 /Gaines Blasdel and Lee C. Zhao and Rachel Bluebond-Langner --10Case Studies in Gender Emergence and Affirmationp. 102 /Jennifer Reske-Nielsen --Part IIIPrimary, Preventive, and Specialty Carep. 109 --11Basic Principles of Trauma-Informed and Gender-Affirming Carep. 111 /Samara Grossman and Sarah Berman and Jennifer Potter --12Obtaining a Gender-Affirming Sexual Historyp. 130 /Danielle O'Banion and Sebastian Mitchell Barr --13Performing a Trauma-Informed Physical Examinationp. 143 /Sadie Elisseou and Jennifer Potter --14Recognizing and Addressing Intimate Partner Violencep. 156 /Xavier Quinn --15Eating Disorders, Body Image, and Body Positivityp. 170 /Heidi J. Dalzell and Kayti Protos and Stacy K. Hunt --16Screening and Prevention of HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infectionsp. 183 /Asa Radix and Zil G. Goldstein --17Treatment of HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infectionsp. 192 /Ami Multani --18Screening for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseasep. 209 /Alex Gonzalez --19Reproductive Health, Obstetric Care, and Family Buildingp. 218 /Mason J. Dunn and Samuel C. Pang and Rebekah P. Vibria --20Case Studies in Transgender and Gender Diverse Primary Carep. 232 /Jennifer Reske-Nielsen --Part IVTransgender and Gender Diverse Populationsp. 237 --21Transgender and Gender Diverse People Who Are Black, Indigenous, and People of Colorp. 239 /Vanessa Warri and Jack Bruno and Jenna J. Rapues and JoAnne Keatley and Jae M. Sevelius --22Health Needs and Service Delivery Models for Transgender Communities in Low-and Middle-Income Countriesp. 247 /S. Wilson Beckham and Eli Sauerwalt and Katherine N. Elfer and Omar Harfouch and Stefan Baral --23Transgender and Gender Diverse People and Incarcerationp. 255 /Jaclyn White Hughto and Kirsty A. Clark --24Caring for Transgender and Gender Diverse Veteransp. 268 /Colleen A. Sloan and Michael R. Kauth and Jillian C. Shipherd --25Affirming Care for People with intersex Traitsp. 276 /Katharine B. Dalke and Niki S. Khanna and Frances W. Grimstad --Part VCommunity-Building, Advocacy, and Partnershipp. 287 --26Community Engagement and Outreachp. 289 /Cei Lambert --27Advocacy for Transgender and Gender Dsverse Patientsp. 299 /Sean Cahill.

Introduction: the transgender woman, a person who identifies and performs in femininity, has increasingly looked for vocal therapy due to gender incongruence. Objective: to know the experiences and perceptions of these women about health, gender dysphoria, voice and society, to identify possible triggering factors of their discomforts and reflect on the speech therapy performance in this context, since health, in a broad view, is biopsychosocial, while voice, is a subjective construction. Method: Cross-sectional qualitative approach, with semi-structured interviews. Participants were found by the snowball technique and evaluation of the data was obtained by content analysis. Results: participants from the State of São Paulo, most of them study and/or work. They use hormones unsupervised due to the urgency of aligning with their gender identity. Negative social experiences generate discomfort and insecurity, showing that the other's point of view impairs self-perception. Thus, they seek passability to avoid harassment. The voice was seen as a trigger to have their bodies and gender questioned, and vocal therapy is seen as positive, for working on vocal potentialities, self-perception, and self-acceptance. Having peer support and positive transgender references provide greater self-confidence, acceptance, and reassurance in gender confirmation. Final considerations: psychosocial aspects, cisheteronormativity and demands of transgender people should be considered in transgender health care, including vocal therapy, as well as discussion about the demands of this public should be proposed in society in order to promote health and inclusion to this population.

Issues that arise in child and youth care practice with transgender (trans) youth and their families can be complex and ethically challenging. While many trans youth are thriving and have strong family and social supports, others face family conflict and experience negative health outcomes linked to societal stigma. The purpose of this paper is to explore how four ethical approaches — bioethics, rights-based ethics, relational ethics, and justice-doing — may be applied to practice situations involving trans youth and their families. This paper is grounded in the gender affirmative model of care and integrates empirical evidence, critical thinking, and explicit argumentation in ethical analysis. Following a brief overview of evidence related to trans youth care, case vignettes are analyzed using diverse ethical approaches. These approaches draw on a variety of philosophical and disciplinary traditions. However, the analyses consistently lead to three imperatives: providing support and affirmation for trans youth; supporting families to support their youth; and fighting injustice where it impedes these goals.

Introduction / Kimberly Manning, Annie Pullen Sansfaçon, and Elizabeth J. Meyer -- Theoretical and clinical perspectives -- From gender identity disorder to gender identity creativity : the liberation of gender-nonconforming children and youth / Diane Ehrensaft -- Health and well-being among gender independent children and their families : a review of the literature / Jake Pyne -- Working together for an inclusive and gender creative future : a critical lens on "gender dysphoria" / Jemma Tosh -- Transformative gender justice as a framework for normalizing gender variance among children and youth / Ann Travers -- Trans youth of color : knowledges, realities and practice strategies / Edward Ou Jin Lee -- Work in schools -- Supporting gender diversity in schools : developmental and legal perspectives / Elizabeth J. Meyer -- Creating affirming spaces for transgender and gender-creative students in schools : lessons from their teachers / Elizabeth J. Meyer, Anika Tilland-Stafford, and Lee Airton -- "I will whip my hair" and "hold my bow" : gender creativity in rural ontario / Karleen Pendleton Jiménez -- The limitations and possibilities for teaching transgender issues in education to preservice teachers / Jennifer C. Ingrey -- Families and communities in action -- Affirmation, access, autonomy : canadian parents talk trans* rights / Kimberley Ens Manning and Akiko Asano -- Between a rock and a hard place : the experience of parents of gender-nonconforming boys / Françoise Susset -- Ten fingers, ten toes, and potentially trans : the everyday revolution of gender diverse parenting / Arwyn Daemyir -- Parent-initiated gender creativity : raising queerlings / Michelle Walks -- Transforming challenges into action : researching the experience of parents of gender creative children through social action and self-directed groupwork / Annie Pullen Sansfaçon, Audrey-Anne Dumais-Michaud, and Marie-Joëlle Robichaud -- Supporting genderqueer youth in rural communities : a case study / Lyndsey Hampton -- Expanding the circle : a gender paradigm shift for serving children, youth, and families / Lorraine Gale and Haley Syrja-McNally -- Conclusion / Annie Pullen Sansfaçon, Elizabeth J. Meyer, and Kimberly Manning -- Glossary / Lee Airton and Elizabeth J. Meyer