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Contents: 1. Outcomes and Situations after 1989 (Ghodsee, Kristen: Red Nostalgia? Communism, Women's Emancipation, and Economic Transformation in Bulgaria. - Fabian, Katalin: Bridges Across the Public-Private Divide. The Welfare-Related Activism of Hungarian Women after 1989. - Javakhadze, Khatuna: Gender Balance and the Board of Trustees Program in Georgia. - Burkhardt, Anke/Schlegel, Uta: Frauen an ostdeutschen Hochschulen - in den gleichstellungspolitischen Koordinaten vor und nach der "Wende". - Tolstokorova, Alissa: A Gender Approach to Linguistic Discrimination. Global Developments and Post Communist Reality. - Kolarova, Marta: The Activist Stream within the Feminist Movement in the Czech Republic at the Beginning of 21st Century. - Novikova, Irina: History, National Belongings and Women's Movements in the Baltic Countries. - Dabrowska, Magdalena: What does it mean to be Feminist in Poland? Debates on Feminism in the Young Democracy. - Wöhrer, Veronika: "Som feministika, no a co?" Versuche, mit einem Schimpfwort politische Arbeit zu machen. - Jogan, Maca: The Decomposition of Sexism in the Second part of the 20th Century in Slovenia. - Kasic, Biljana: Feminist Moments, Time-Lags, Innovations - a case study of Feminism(s) in Croatia. - Cickaric, Lilijana: Nationalism, Ethnis Conflicts, and Women's Resistance in Serbia. - Bejtullahu, Alma: Female Singers in Rural Kosovo - from the Domestic to the Public Domain. - Mitrofanova, Anastasia V.: Gender in Russian Literacy and Philosophical Culture - Transcending Sex. - Zherebkin, Sergei: "Male fantasies" in Ukraine. "Fucking Women and Building Nation". - Zherebkina, Irina: "How we solve Woman's Issue" or Performative Gender in the former USSR). - 2. Gender Policies and Images of Women in Socialism (Antic, Milica G./Vidmar, Ksenija H.: The construction of Woma's Identity in Socialism - the case of Slovenia. - Praspaliauskiene, Rima: Women's Activism in Lithunia 1945-1985. - Peto, Andrea: Redefinitions of "Statist Feminist" and Contemporary Conservative and Extreme Rightist Hungarian Female Politicians. The Case of the Hungarian 1956 Revolution. - Eremeeva, Anna: The Woman-Scientist in Soviet Artistic Discourse). - 3. Women's Movements (Pushkareva, Natalia: Feminism in Russia - two Centuries of History. - Gerasymenko, Ganna: The Development of Feminist Tradition in Ukraine. - Smolyar, Lyudmyla: Between Feminism and Nationalism or the Main Features of ...

Description for press or other media: The dialogue between the sciences and theology becomes ever more urgent. Hans Schwarz chronicles the dialogue of the last two centuries, introduces the main protagonists of today's dialogue and explains the current areas of conflict.

Martin Luther`s Theses against indulgences (1517) provided the impetus for the Reformation. This volume examines the context of this epochal moment against the backdrop of the extensive campaigns against indulgences that had roiled Church life over the previous two centuries. The essays explore theological, canonical, societal, economic, and cultural aspects of the sale of indulgences in the Late Middle Ages.

Particularly in German-speaking agrarian historiography, research on rural commons has long been under the spell of their dissolution in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. As a result, the continuance of such institutions well into the twentieth century or even to the present has remained poorly elucidated. This theme is picked up with respect to northern Tyrol and the Baden Palatinate, which provide an illuminating case for contrasting comparison,since they owed the persistence of commons beyond the alleged watershed around 1800 to rather different natural, settlement, economic and political-juridical conditions. The two regions are first portrayed separately in relation to (1) resource systems and institutional arrangements, (2) processes of change and potentials for conflict and (3) forms of inclusion and exclusion. The last part provides a discussion of parallels and peculiarities along these three dimensions. It becomes clear that both extensive livestock-farming (Tyrol) and cash-cropping (Baden Palatinate) or certain combinations with industrial labour could contribute to the maintenance of collective ownership until the mid-twentieth century. Afterwards, however, the developments diverged starkly, not only due to market forces, but at least as much due to government intervention. ; Particularly in German-speaking agrarian historiography, research on rural commons has long been under the spell of their dissolution in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. As a result, the continuance of such institutions well into the twentieth century or even to the present has remained poorly elucidated. This theme is picked up with respect to northern Tyrol and the Baden Palatinate, which provide an illuminating case for contrasting comparison,since they owed the persistence of commons beyond the alleged watershed around 1800 to rather different natural, settlement, economic and political-juridical conditions. The two regions are first portrayed separately in relation to (1) resource systems and institutional arrangements, (2) processes of change and potentials for conflict and (3) forms of inclusion and exclusion. The last part provides a discussion of parallels and peculiarities along these three dimensions. It becomes clear that both extensive livestock-farming (Tyrol) and cash-cropping (Baden Palatinate) or certain combinations with industrial labour could contribute to the maintenance of collective ownership until the mid-twentieth century. Afterwards, however, the developments diverged starkly, not only due to market forces, but at least as much due to government intervention.

Wie hoch? Wie groß? Wie viele? Mit welcher Dynamik? Wie haben sich Klima, Bevölkerung und Arbeit, wie Freizeit, Gesundheit und Sozialleistungen, wie Landwirtschaft oder Industrien entwickelt? "Deutschland in Daten" liefert Zeitreihen zu zentralen Themenstellungen. Dieser Band präsentiert zu 22 Themen in über 1.000 Zeitreihen Daten für die Zeit seit dem 19. Jahrhundert und ordnet sie fachwissenschaftlich in die jeweiligen historischen Kontexte ein. Er bietet einen breit gefächerten und verlässlichen Einblick in die Historische Statistik von Deutschland über verschiedene Epochen und politische Systeme hinweg. ; How much? How large? How many? Which dynamics? How have climate, population, labor and leisure, health and social benefits, agriculture or industries developed? "Germany in data" provides time series on 22 key topics, data for the last two centuries. It offers a broad and reliable insight into the Historical Statistics of Germany covering various epochs and political systems.

During her official visit as prime minister of India in 1976 in the GDR Indira Gandhi, it is a curiosity of history, the EC was comparatively small country like the UK will be able to conquer a subcontinent like India and nearly two centuries to master. India was the foundation of the British Empire. Born on November 19, 1917, she came from a Brahmin family, the highest Indian caste who had committed to Indian independence. This family Solite over five generations, the political fate of the country control prevail. In the 1920s, her grandfather, Motilal Nehru (1861-1931), president of the Indian Congress Party, the main political force of the independence movement. Adapted from the source document.

Mit vagen Begriffen wie Medialem und Landschaft lassen sich sehr heterogene Aspekte verbinden. Hier soll zum einen auf ein konservatives Interesse an Landschaft aufmerksam gemacht werden. Zum anderen wird angesprochen wie Landschaft als gesellschaftliches Programm entsteht. Dabei wird beispielhaft auf physiokratische Programme und darin aufgehobene zeitgenössische Chinavorstellungen verwiesen. An solche Vorstellungen wird zwei Jahrhunderte später in der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus angeknüpft. Sie schlagen sich 1942 in den sogenannten Landschaftsregeln des Reichskommissars für die Festigung deutschen Volkstums nieder. Abschließend erfolgen einige Anmerkungen zur anthroposophisch ortientierten Landschaft sowie zur Rolle von Landschaft im 20. und beginnenden 21. Jahrhundert, wie sie sich dort antreffen lässt, wo die Stadt mitleidsvoll nur noch als gestörte Landschaft wahrgenommen wird. ; Vague notions such as the medial and landscape allow to connect fairly heterogeneous aspects. Here attention is drawn to a conservative interest in landscape. Also addressed is how landscape develops as a societal program. Physiocratic programs and contemporary China imaginations become pointed at. Two centuries later during National Socialism they become connected to and find expression in the 1942 Landscape Rules of the Reichs Commissioner for the Strengthening of German Volkishness. Final remarks relate to the anthroposophical landscape and the role of landscape in 20th and early 21st centuries as it may be found when the city is perceived pityingly as disturbed landscape only. ; Peer Reviewed