Suchergebnisse

In these days there is a great interest in organizational behaviour and in job satisfaction among all kinds of professions. Plenty of researches are made to measure job satisfaction and the influence of different aspect of work, such as pay, promotion, supervision etc. This study is one of the first attempts to establish job satisfaction among librarians of Lithuanian universities. The object of this study is to determine the conception of job satisfaction, to analyze the most important aspects of it and to survey librarians at the libraries of universities. The research was done in six biggest central libraries of Lithuanian universities. After estimating and comparing the data, weighty conclusions and recommendations were made. The librarians are satisfied with their jobs, but the line between satisfaction and dissatisfaction is very thin. Librarians are mostly satisfied with their immediate supervisors, co-workers, nature of work, operating procedures and with communication in the workplace. The dissatisfaction is though with pay, promotion, benefits and contingent rewards. These librarians who work for a longer time in the same library are less satisfied than these who work only for a short time here. Other differencies between job satisfaction and pay, education have no statistical significance. According to these findings recommendations can be made. The managers of libraries and politics in culture should reconsider the motivation schemes and look for new, more various ways to increase job satisfaction with financial and nonfinancial stimuliation aspects. There is also recommended to discuss techniques for higher efficiency and satisfaction of those who work in the libraries for a long time. This research can be continued in other types of libraries or the faculty libraries, comparative studies between librarians and other professions can be made.

In these days there is a great interest in organizational behaviour and in job satisfaction among all kinds of professions. Plenty of researches are made to measure job satisfaction and the influence of different aspect of work, such as pay, promotion, supervision etc. This study is one of the first attempts to establish job satisfaction among librarians of Lithuanian universities. The object of this study is to determine the conception of job satisfaction, to analyze the most important aspects of it and to survey librarians at the libraries of universities. The research was done in six biggest central libraries of Lithuanian universities. After estimating and comparing the data, weighty conclusions and recommendations were made. The librarians are satisfied with their jobs, but the line between satisfaction and dissatisfaction is very thin. Librarians are mostly satisfied with their immediate supervisors, co-workers, nature of work, operating procedures and with communication in the workplace. The dissatisfaction is though with pay, promotion, benefits and contingent rewards. These librarians who work for a longer time in the same library are less satisfied than these who work only for a short time here. Other differencies between job satisfaction and pay, education have no statistical significance. According to these findings recommendations can be made. The managers of libraries and politics in culture should reconsider the motivation schemes and look for new, more various ways to increase job satisfaction with financial and nonfinancial stimuliation aspects. There is also recommended to discuss techniques for higher efficiency and satisfaction of those who work in the libraries for a long time. This research can be continued in other types of libraries or the faculty libraries, comparative studies between librarians and other professions can be made.

Insightful researchers from all over the world examine the question how to implement principles of sustainability into the essence of all human activities. However reaching of long-term goals requires for fundamental changes and most of them will be technically, culturally and politically difficult. Universities as centres of innovations and learning must be in the very front of this development. Sustainable development is the current context in which higher education must focus its mission. The challenge of sustainable development is faced by universities in different manner beginning with the aim to act as environment-friendly company to formulation of principles and signing declarations while establishing totally new institutions or focusing current mission and management of the university on search of sustainability. All of this leads to conclusion that management of universities becomes one of the most important problems. Universities might find themselves in danger if they don't adapt to changing environment and new challenges more rapidly. The above-mentioned facts prove importance and relevance of the selected topic "Implementation of sustainability concept for management of universities in Lithuania". Institutions of higher education are responsible against society for use of public education means in pursuit of sustainable development. The first hypothesis: the fundamentals of sustainable development are not included in management of universities in Lithuania. The second hypothesis: university students in Lithuania do not have fundamental of sustainable development. Purpose of the paper: after review of sustainability concept, disclosure of how the principle of sustainability applies to education system, examination of theoretical aspects of institutions' management, to perform empirical research of implementation of sustainability concept into management of universities in Lithuania and to accomplish comparative analysis with the practice of foreign universities and also to suggest framework for implementation of sustainability concept in management of Lithuanian universities. Object of the paper: sustainability concept. Subject of the paper: implementation of sustainability concept in management of the university. Investigation techniques – analysis of scientific literature, questionnaire interview. The following tasks were set for the paper: to describe principles of the sustainability concept; to discuss conception of sustainable development; to describe conception of sustainability concept in the context of education system; to review application of sustainability concept in the university; to define conception of institutions management; to discuss theoretical aspects of education system management; to perform research of implementation of sustainability concept in management of Lithuanian universities and to present comparative analysis with the practice of foreign universities; to create framework of sustainable university management.

Insightful researchers from all over the world examine the question how to implement principles of sustainability into the essence of all human activities. However reaching of long-term goals requires for fundamental changes and most of them will be technically, culturally and politically difficult. Universities as centres of innovations and learning must be in the very front of this development. Sustainable development is the current context in which higher education must focus its mission. The challenge of sustainable development is faced by universities in different manner beginning with the aim to act as environment-friendly company to formulation of principles and signing declarations while establishing totally new institutions or focusing current mission and management of the university on search of sustainability. All of this leads to conclusion that management of universities becomes one of the most important problems. Universities might find themselves in danger if they don't adapt to changing environment and new challenges more rapidly. The above-mentioned facts prove importance and relevance of the selected topic "Implementation of sustainability concept for management of universities in Lithuania". Institutions of higher education are responsible against society for use of public education means in pursuit of sustainable development. The first hypothesis: the fundamentals of sustainable development are not included in management of universities in Lithuania. The second hypothesis: university students in Lithuania do not have fundamental of sustainable development. Purpose of the paper: after review of sustainability concept, disclosure of how the principle of sustainability applies to education system, examination of theoretical aspects of institutions' management, to perform empirical research of implementation of sustainability concept into management of universities in Lithuania and to accomplish comparative analysis with the practice of foreign universities and also to suggest framework for implementation of sustainability concept in management of Lithuanian universities. Object of the paper: sustainability concept. Subject of the paper: implementation of sustainability concept in management of the university. Investigation techniques – analysis of scientific literature, questionnaire interview. The following tasks were set for the paper: to describe principles of the sustainability concept; to discuss conception of sustainable development; to describe conception of sustainability concept in the context of education system; to review application of sustainability concept in the university; to define conception of institutions management; to discuss theoretical aspects of education system management; to perform research of implementation of sustainability concept in management of Lithuanian universities and to present comparative analysis with the practice of foreign universities; to create framework of sustainable university management.

After determining relations among the elements of distribution structure, the scheme of the system of book distribution was established. The second part investigates the situation from an outward perspective, namely, exploring how university publishers are able to use the possibilities of free-market, looking for distribution methods, ways and forms as well as highlighting some peculiarities of distribution of academic books. It was found that the distribution space of publications delivered by contemporary university publishers could be divided into two groups. The first group covers non-commercial distribution system inside the university that was formed in the long-term book distribution culture and experience gained by university publishers. The second group is related to commercial distribution system outside the university that for a long time had been closed; only now it is little by little directed towards commercialization. This shows that in the twenty years of the Independent Lithuania, university publishers have experienced some changes in the distribution of their books. These changes were determined by political and economical conditions, fast development of information and communication technologies and alternations of public communicational processes. Summarising the research, peculiarities of book distribution by university publishers must be stressed. These peculiarities determine the particularity of this distribution process, distinguishing the following three dominating components: scientific product (specific item), institution (departmental subordination), the publisher's initiative (the need to change). These components make the basis of the general distribution of publications by university publishers.

After determining relations among the elements of distribution structure, the scheme of the system of book distribution was established. The second part investigates the situation from an outward perspective, namely, exploring how university publishers are able to use the possibilities of free-market, looking for distribution methods, ways and forms as well as highlighting some peculiarities of distribution of academic books. It was found that the distribution space of publications delivered by contemporary university publishers could be divided into two groups. The first group covers non-commercial distribution system inside the university that was formed in the long-term book distribution culture and experience gained by university publishers. The second group is related to commercial distribution system outside the university that for a long time had been closed; only now it is little by little directed towards commercialization. This shows that in the twenty years of the Independent Lithuania, university publishers have experienced some changes in the distribution of their books. These changes were determined by political and economical conditions, fast development of information and communication technologies and alternations of public communicational processes. Summarising the research, peculiarities of book distribution by university publishers must be stressed. These peculiarities determine the particularity of this distribution process, distinguishing the following three dominating components: scientific product (specific item), institution (departmental subordination), the publisher's initiative (the need to change). These components make the basis of the general distribution of publications by university publishers.

After determining relations among the elements of distribution structure, the scheme of the system of book distribution was established. The second part investigates the situation from an outward perspective, namely, exploring how university publishers are able to use the possibilities of free-market, looking for distribution methods, ways and forms as well as highlighting some peculiarities of distribution of academic books. It was found that the distribution space of publications delivered by contemporary university publishers could be divided into two groups. The first group covers non-commercial distribution system inside the university that was formed in the long-term book distribution culture and experience gained by university publishers. The second group is related to commercial distribution system outside the university that for a long time had been closed; only now it is little by little directed towards commercialization. This shows that in the twenty years of the Independent Lithuania, university publishers have experienced some changes in the distribution of their books. These changes were determined by political and economical conditions, fast development of information and communication technologies and alternations of public communicational processes. Summarising the research, peculiarities of book distribution by university publishers must be stressed. These peculiarities determine the particularity of this distribution process, distinguishing the following three dominating components: scientific product (specific item), institution (departmental subordination), the publisher's initiative (the need to change). These components make the basis of the general distribution of publications by university publishers.

After determining relations among the elements of distribution structure, the scheme of the system of book distribution was established. The second part investigates the situation from an outward perspective, namely, exploring how university publishers are able to use the possibilities of free-market, looking for distribution methods, ways and forms as well as highlighting some peculiarities of distribution of academic books. It was found that the distribution space of publications delivered by contemporary university publishers could be divided into two groups. The first group covers non-commercial distribution system inside the university that was formed in the long-term book distribution culture and experience gained by university publishers. The second group is related to commercial distribution system outside the university that for a long time had been closed; only now it is little by little directed towards commercialization. This shows that in the twenty years of the Independent Lithuania, university publishers have experienced some changes in the distribution of their books. These changes were determined by political and economical conditions, fast development of information and communication technologies and alternations of public communicational processes. Summarising the research, peculiarities of book distribution by university publishers must be stressed. These peculiarities determine the particularity of this distribution process, distinguishing the following three dominating components: scientific product (specific item), institution (departmental subordination), the publisher's initiative (the need to change). These components make the basis of the general distribution of publications by university publishers.

The idea of the institutional autonomy of universities emerged in the Middle Ages. As a preserved tradition, it has become an important principle of a democratic society on which university activities are based. The Magna Charta Universitatum – signed by many universities around the world – the European University Association, and the European Union have developed a new concept of institutional autonomy for universities based on the belief that institutional autonomy is the best precondition for the efficiency of universities and societal progress. The Constitutional Court of the Republic of Lithuania examined 11 cases related to issues of the autonomy of higher education institutions. In examining these cases, the Court formed a Constitutional Doctrine, providing an interpretation of paragraph 3 of Article 40 of the Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania, which deals with the granting of autonomy to higher education institutions. In several rulings, the Court has held that legal acts adopted by the Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania and the Government of the Republic of Lithuania have unreasonably restricted the autonomy of higher education institutions and violated the Constitution. At the same time, the Court has repeatedly emphasized in its rulings that neither the autonomy of higher education institutions nor academic freedom are an end in themselves, and that the autonomy guaranteed to higher education institutions and the freedom of science and research are not absolute.

This article compares the state of the field of Comparative Education in Lithuania with developments internationally. As in most of the countries of the erstwhile Eastern Bloc, the confluence of circumstances in the past decades resulted in Comparative Education being strongly and visibly present in courses taught at pre-graduate and postgraduate levels at universities in Lithuania since 1990. What is absent are research institutes of Comparative Education, also established chairs of Comparative Education, Comparative Education departments and academics exclusively occupied with (teaching and conducting research in) Comparative Education. Comparativists in Lithuania are also not strongly connected with each other and with the international Comparative Education community. While Comparative Education research gets done vigorously and the themes of research are very topical and include equity issues (including gender equity), quality and quality assurance, internationalization of higher education, the societal effects of education (e.g., the effect of education on values, including the political values of students, the effect of education on economic development or on social mobility) and research on the learning of students. Also, the ways of solving conflicts differ in the groups depending on age and sex.

This article compares the state of the field of Comparative Education in Lithuania with developments internationally. As in most of the countries of the erstwhile Eastern Bloc, the confluence of circumstances in the past decades resulted in Comparative Education being strongly and visibly present in courses taught at pre-graduate and postgraduate levels at universities in Lithuania since 1990. What is absent are research institutes of Comparative Education, also established chairs of Comparative Education, Comparative Education departments and academics exclusively occupied with (teaching and conducting research in) Comparative Education. Comparativists in Lithuania are also not strongly connected with each other and with the international Comparative Education community. While Comparative Education research gets done vigorously and the themes of research are very topical and include equity issues (including gender equity), quality and quality assurance, internationalization of higher education, the societal effects of education (e.g., the effect of education on values, including the political values of students, the effect of education on economic development or on social mobility) and research on the learning of students. Also, the ways of solving conflicts differ in the groups depending on age and sex.

This article compares the state of the field of Comparative Education in Lithuania with developments internationally. As in most of the countries of the erstwhile Eastern Bloc, the confluence of circumstances in the past decades resulted in Comparative Education being strongly and visibly present in courses taught at pre-graduate and postgraduate levels at universities in Lithuania since 1990. What is absent are research institutes of Comparative Education, also established chairs of Comparative Education, Comparative Education departments and academics exclusively occupied with (teaching and conducting research in) Comparative Education. Comparativists in Lithuania are also not strongly connected with each other and with the international Comparative Education community. While Comparative Education research gets done vigorously and the themes of research are very topical and include equity issues (including gender equity), quality and quality assurance, internationalization of higher education, the societal effects of education (e.g., the effect of education on values, including the political values of students, the effect of education on economic development or on social mobility) and research on the learning of students. Also, the ways of solving conflicts differ in the groups depending on age and sex.

This article compares the state of the field of Comparative Education in Lithuania with developments internationally. As in most of the countries of the erstwhile Eastern Bloc, the confluence of circumstances in the past decades resulted in Comparative Education being strongly and visibly present in courses taught at pre-graduate and postgraduate levels at universities in Lithuania since 1990. What is absent are research institutes of Comparative Education, also established chairs of Comparative Education, Comparative Education departments and academics exclusively occupied with (teaching and conducting research in) Comparative Education. Comparativists in Lithuania are also not strongly connected with each other and with the international Comparative Education community. While Comparative Education research gets done vigorously and the themes of research are very topical and include equity issues (including gender equity), quality and quality assurance, internationalization of higher education, the societal effects of education (e.g., the effect of education on values, including the political values of students, the effect of education on economic development or on social mobility) and research on the learning of students. Also, the ways of solving conflicts differ in the groups depending on age and sex.

A necessity to find new options to improve quality of study process becomes a priority in high education worldwide. So far signifant efforts have been used to improve quality of studies and a number of measures have been adoped to control it. There a few documents of advisory nature, which seek to respond to quality issues. Nevertheless, high unemployment rate with young population and increase of low quality study programes in high shools of Lithuania unfortunately indicate a non-satisfactory level of study process in Lithuania. Wheareas measures that have been used so far failed to achieve their goals, it is necessary to review means of improvement of study process in Lithuania again. Study process is a complex process, which consists of separate segments, such as lecturing, evaluation of knowledge of students, motivation of students, etc. All of such segments influence the quality of studies, while defects also have an effect on the overall process. The main goal of this master"s thesis is to analize options of improvement of study process in the universities of the Republic of Lithuania with a students point of view. The following tasks were chosen to achieve the said goal: -to discuss the fundamental strategic documents regulating quality issues in study process in Lithuania and European Union; -to disclose elements and mechanisms of quality of studies, which have effect on the study process; -to review aspects of study processes in universities of Lithuania; -to investigate the role of the Center of Evaluation of Quality of Studies in the process of improvement of study process; -to analize and compare the attitude of students and experts towards the study process in universities of Lithuania; The object of the thesis – universities of the Republic of Lithuania. Inquiry of students proved the following thesis: the quality of study processes in the universities of Lithuania does not meet the requirements and expectations of students. Most often they are not satisfied with the relationship with their professors, interface with the lecturers, motivation and enthusiasm of professors, accessibility of professors, lack of means to motivate students. They feel as if they are disregarded and not understood. This is a process dimension. Interview with experts of the Center of Evaluation of the Quality of Studies proved that quality of the process of studies in Lithuania still has certain deficiencies, especially in the area of infrastructure of studies, also in the area of organization (management) of studies. It has also been stated that the quality of the process of studies in Lithuania is not improving. Measures, which are used to ensure quality of studies, are aimed to achieve high competetive results of a university. However, too little attention is drawn to improve the process of studies itself.

A necessity to find new options to improve quality of study process becomes a priority in high education worldwide. So far signifant efforts have been used to improve quality of studies and a number of measures have been adoped to control it. There a few documents of advisory nature, which seek to respond to quality issues. Nevertheless, high unemployment rate with young population and increase of low quality study programes in high shools of Lithuania unfortunately indicate a non-satisfactory level of study process in Lithuania. Wheareas measures that have been used so far failed to achieve their goals, it is necessary to review means of improvement of study process in Lithuania again. Study process is a complex process, which consists of separate segments, such as lecturing, evaluation of knowledge of students, motivation of students, etc. All of such segments influence the quality of studies, while defects also have an effect on the overall process. The main goal of this master"s thesis is to analize options of improvement of study process in the universities of the Republic of Lithuania with a students point of view. The following tasks were chosen to achieve the said goal: -to discuss the fundamental strategic documents regulating quality issues in study process in Lithuania and European Union; -to disclose elements and mechanisms of quality of studies, which have effect on the study process; -to review aspects of study processes in universities of Lithuania; -to investigate the role of the Center of Evaluation of Quality of Studies in the process of improvement of study process; -to analize and compare the attitude of students and experts towards the study process in universities of Lithuania; The object of the thesis – universities of the Republic of Lithuania. Inquiry of students proved the following thesis: the quality of study processes in the universities of Lithuania does not meet the requirements and expectations of students. Most often they are not satisfied with the relationship with their professors, interface with the lecturers, motivation and enthusiasm of professors, accessibility of professors, lack of means to motivate students. They feel as if they are disregarded and not understood. This is a process dimension. Interview with experts of the Center of Evaluation of the Quality of Studies proved that quality of the process of studies in Lithuania still has certain deficiencies, especially in the area of infrastructure of studies, also in the area of organization (management) of studies. It has also been stated that the quality of the process of studies in Lithuania is not improving. Measures, which are used to ensure quality of studies, are aimed to achieve high competetive results of a university. However, too little attention is drawn to improve the process of studies itself.