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This article looks at the modern American city, the multiple influences upon it, & the myriad forms that it has taken in the post World War II era. The author looks at various trends in urban governance & hopes for a new spirit of urban progressivism, as the mass privatization of the late 20th century has greatly degraded the quality of city life. Adapted from the source document.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of figures -- List of tables -- Contributors -- Acknowledgements -- 1. Introduction -- PART I: Smart city governance -- SECTION 1: Urban governance, data and participatory infrastructure -- 2. A city is not a computer -- 3. Bias in urban research: from tools to environments -- 4. Urban science: prospect and critique -- 5. Defining smart cities: high and low frequency cities, big data and urban theory -- 6. Digital information and the right to the city

Metadata only record ; This book describes the valuable contribution that urban agriculture is making to food security and urban sanitation in the cities of West and Central. It also presents a strategy for launching a multi-stakeholder network on urban agriculture, and does so with input and support from producers; NGOs; national, regional, and international research institutions; donors; and policymakers and government officials at both the municipal and national levels.

The aim of this paper is to study the relation between governance and migration in the case of a South-North partnership, using the tools of economic analysis. We will analyse both the governance of migratory phenomenon (i.e. the control of South-North migration, as much as the control of rural-urban or internal migration) and the consequences of internal and/or international migrations on a broader problem which is the compatibility of economic liberalization, political stability and other objectives which are pursued by governments (such as avoiding the deterioration of social capital, or a social dumping). In a first section we develop an original Harris-Todaro model in order to resolve the question of the compatibility of different policies. In a second section we will consider four possibilities to enrich the Harris-Todaro model, which are to take into account the cost of migration, the attitude toward risk, the relative deprivation hypothesis, and the relation between migration and social capital. In each case, our attention will be focused on the policy recommendations we can formulate as a result of every approach.

[EN] Urban and peri-urban agriculture have gained worldwide momentum within the framework of the renewed food and nutrition security agenda. This has a special significance for Mediterranean cities, due to their traditional strong links with their agricultural surroundings. However, the renewed dynamism of peri-urban agriculture is constrained by the limited access to farmland of new farmers or already installed farmers. This paper explores how socio-political movements that aim to renew local food systems and introduce new models of urban-peri-urban governance are revitalising the debate on access to peri-urban farmland. A comparative analysis was conducted in two Mediterranean metropolitan areas (Rome in Italy and Valencia in Spain), in which different policy frameworks shape the conditions of access to farmland. Despite the institutional differences between these two cases, the results show that, for the organisations involved in these movements, facilitating access to farmland is now a crucial challenge in achieving their multiple objectives. The paper also addresses the supportive role (and the constraints) of the local authorities in facilitating access to farmland for those producers willing to adopt alternative business models that can give rise to the transition towards more democratic and sustainable local food systems. ; This research is part of the project "Assessment of the impact of global drivers of change on Europe's food security" (TRANSMANGO), granted by the EU under 7th Framework Programme; theme KBBE.2013.2.5-01; Grant agreement no: 613532. ; Cerrada-Serra, P.; Colombo, L.; Ortiz-Miranda, D.; Grando, S. (2018). Access to agricultural land in peri-urban spaces: social mobilisation and institutional frameworks in Rome and Valencia. Food Security. 10(6):1325-1336. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12571-018-0854-8 ; S ; 1325 ; 1336 ; 10 ; 6 ; Allen, A. (2003). Environmental planning and management of the periurban interface: Perspectives on an emerging field. Environment and Urbanization, 15(1), 135–148. ...

Skateboarding poses a unique case study for considering the place of sport in human activity. The bulk of skateboarding scholarship argues that skateboarding is largely a subversion of rule governance, a view difficult to square with common and popular rule-governed skateboarding competitions, now including the Olympics. We attempt to resolve this tension by arguing for a kind of pluralism: skateboarding's engagement in rule-governed competition is distinctly subversive, yielding the claim that skateboarding is both sport and subversion. This pluralism is examined in an "ecological" framework of emergent activities defined by push-pull interactive relationships between skateboarders and their environment that change the meaning of their spaces—whether domestic, urban, or competitive—to spaces that are both wild and spontaneous. We conclude with reflections on how skateboarding provides understanding of sport in the space of ecological meaning.

Networks have rapidly become the dominant trope in governance theory and practice. While scholarship highlights important benefits, there has been insufficient systematic interrogation of the potential pathologies in network governance. This paper addresses the lacuna. We begin by discussing different kinds of network analysis and distinguishing the specific claims of network governance theory. We then pull together the scattered critically oriented literatures on the topic, identifying major problems with network modes of governance: hypocrisy, distrust, marketization, subjugation, antiproceduralism, fragmentation, and 'netsploitation'. We finally argue for a more agnostic approach to governance research, capable of taking account of these pathologies and thereby putting networks in their place. This means avoiding the fetishization of particular modes of governance and giving more careful attention to the settings in which they each can be useful.

With this paper we analyse and assess the role of the European Union (EU) in the governance of migration linked to environmental change. We trace the emergence of migration linked to environmental change as an issue on the EU agenda and examine both issue definition and the institutional location of EU responses. The EU is identified as a particularly significant potential actor in the broader debate about environmental change and migration, as it is the world's most developed form of regionalised supranational governance with responsibilities in the areas of both environmental and migration policy, albeit with little connection made, as yet, between the two. We show that the relationship between migration and environmental change emerged as an issue for the EU's foreign policy community before becoming part of the EU's 'Global Approach to Migration and Mobility'. We argue that there is a compelling argument for consideration of migration and environmental change in the context of adaptation and development policies, as well as broader debate and contestation of the meaning of these policies. This involves a rethink of some of the precepts and practices informing EU migration and asylum policy.

In recent decades; the balance of power between institutional and economic actors has radically changed; with a significant impact on the modes and dynamics of governance. In the broad array of experimental practices of co-production; Living Labs (LLs) represent a promising mode of collaboration among public bodies; research centres; private companies and citizens. By means of LLs; public actors aim to co-produce experimental policies; breaking out of traditional policy schemes to find new solutions to collective problems. On an urban scale; such tools have come to be known as Urban Living Labs (ULLs), and they are increasingly used by local governments to tackle complex problems such us stimulating the circular economy to tackle climate change. This paper provides a systematic review of case studies to understand whether and how the ULLs can represent an effective policy tool to foster the circular economy on an urban scale.

In recent decades; the balance of power between institutional and economic actors has radically changed; with a significant impact on the modes and dynamics of governance. In the broad array of experimental practices of co-production; Living Labs (LLs) represent a promising mode of collaboration among public bodies; research centres; private companies and citizens. By means of LLs; public actors aim to co-produce experimental policies; breaking out of traditional policy schemes to find new solutions to collective problems. On an urban scale; such tools have come to be known as Urban Living Labs (ULLs), and they are increasingly used by local governments to tackle complex problems such us stimulating the circular economy to tackle climate change. This paper provides a systematic review of case studies to understand whether and how the ULLs can represent an effective policy tool to foster the circular economy on an urban scale.

AbstractWhile state institutions are involved in planning and governance in African cities, their relevance in shaping urban life is sometimes questioned given what residents often experience as the extreme incapacity of state agencies. In response, some scholars have sought to rethink the nature of institutions, while others have shifted their attention to the role of the everyday in the making of cities. This article builds on literature that seeks to better understand the links between quotidian actions and institutional constraints, in order to critically assess how state power is exercised in African cities. It does this by tracking the Presidency's role in shaping Angola's capital, Luanda, in the 1990s and 2000s. The Presidency consolidated power through the urban landscape even in moments when it seemed state presence had totally collapsed. The article therefore shows that a more nuanced understanding of the logics of power in African cities can reveal the ongoing significance of state institutions to their making, even in contexts where the everyday experience of state capacity is one of absence or negligence.

Under the perils of climate collapse, urban environmental governance has increasingly deployed adaptation and mitigation policies to secure cities' ecological and material reproduction—the "urban ecological security" framework. According to hydrogeological algorithms, people living in areas at risk of landslides and flooding should repeatedly be displaced from their homes. However, what governments consider unfit dwellings for human habitation are spaces of domestic reconstruction where new forms of collective life emerge. In Brazil alone, risk areas deemed "uninhabitable" are home to 8.27 million people. In Sao Paulo, this pattern has increased over the last decade. In dialogue with scholars of the global South, this essay focuses on a squatter camp in the northern periphery of Sao Paulo, where Black and Brown women have rebuilt their livelihoods while facing the risk of floods and evictions. This disproportionate impact of climate change on specific communities derives from certain regimes of government under which people put their lives in danger to escape socio-economic risks while facing a dearth of low-income housing policies and a rampant rental market. Adaptation strategies like evictions might worsen their already-severe conditions of survival. In this essay, I argue that understanding the distributional injustice of flooding under climate collapse means going beyond hydrogeological algorithms that objectivize individuals as lives at risk to be evicted. It means providing accounts from the ground to study theeconomies and networks of subsistence that emerge from occupying risk areas.Evicting people impacted by climate collapse without ensuring continuity of their resources might likely push them back to a path of continuous displacement and persistent poverty.

ABSTRACTIn this introduction to a special Debates and Developments forum on city‐regions, we argue that the recent revival of interest in city‐regions has been constructed around a rather narrow set of empirical and theoretical issues relating to exchange, interspatial competition and globalization. The 'new' city‐regionalism results in a reification of the city‐region as an autonomous political agent of the global space economy. We outline an alternative approach to investigating and understanding geographies of city‐regionalism, highlighting: a politics of governance and state re‐territorialization around the city‐region; the role of democracy and citizenship in city‐region politics; and tensions around social reproduction and sustainability across the city‐region.