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Leadership has an expansive meaning because it is a field study that comprises several different dimensions such as psychology, management, organization, and politics. On the other hand, the study of leadership's role on urban development issues is still relatively scarce, especially in developing countries. The literature shows that local governments under the mayor as the highest-ranking position of municipal prioritise urban development is very much a function of socio-cultural norms and leadership styles. Therefore, mayoral leadership is vital regarding local government interventions to promote urban beautification in Indonesia. It is undeniable that leadership is a significant aspect of urban governance. Taking a case study in Surabaya, evidence shows that leadership plays important roles in urban governance, especially in facilitating and advising processes. Drawing on analysis of relevant documents, literature, and interviews with key decision-makers in Surabaya, the findings indicate that the quality of mayoral leadership has played a vital role in enhancing the beautification of urban form in Surabaya as a result of the urban design process. The mechanisms underlying this role include that the mayor has a sound understanding of the urban design and has been able to intervene to insist on good urban design as policy and has the standing to approach officials and community members on the urban beautification process. The quality of mayoral leadership has played a vital role in shaping the better urban beautification of Surabaya. A Mayor who has a wide-ranging grasp of urban design has advantages for the local government. ; Kepemimpinan memiliki arti yang sangat luas karena merupakan studi lapangan yang terdiri dari berbagai dimensi yang berbeda seperti psikologi, manajemen, organisasi dan politik. Di sisi lain, kajian tentang peran kepemimpinan dalam isu pembangunan perkotaan masih relatif langka, terutama dalam konteks negara berkembang. Literatur menunjukkan bahwa bagaimana pemerintah daerah di bawah ...

The social sciences have often used leadership as a concept to describe the role of agency in change. Nonetheless, what leadership is and does may not always be clear, especially in the loose networks of local governance. On taking a policy analysis perspective, policy leadership in cities can be seen as coordinated action to achieve a shared goal taken by more than one leader, each endowed with different resources that may suddenly become strategic during the policy process. This paper thus proposes a theoretical reflection on policy leadership and uses a case study in urban planning to unpack power relationships involved in policy change at the municipal level. The contribution of the paper is twofold. First, it clarifies the concept of leadership in different social sciences and proposes an original application to the analysis of the policy process in local governments based on a typology of styles of policy leadership and a classification of strategic resources. Second, it argues for the existence of a policy leadership in the process of urban planning in Turin (1993-2011) as a key component of the complexity of urban governance, by focusing on the situated and strategic nature of exchange relationships

There is an increasing trend in government to look to local and regional governments to provide the solutions to regional problems. This transfer is occurring at a time when the environment has never been more complex, uncertain and changing. The challenge confronting local administrators is, to say the least, considerable. It was hypothesized that a computer- based, decision-making simulation model could make a significant contribution to the effective decision- making development of local administrators and their staffs. Urban/Suburban (U/S) Policy Interaction Model was adapted for training and development of local leaders and citizens. A limited trial and experiment were conducted and evaluation by the participants was positive.

This paper involves a comparative study of policymaking related to urban transport in the Gothenburg and Oslo regions. It sets out to show how strong climate leadership relates to the integration of policy measures and governance systems. Methodologically, we apply document analysis and qualitative interviews with key informants. Our clearest finding is the importance of the city's contextual governance framework for integrative climate leadership. The strong components of the leadership in Oslo—involving both horizontal and upward coordination—rely on a well-developed governance framework with operationalised goals, strategies and steering tools. This enables them to utilise multiple types of climate leadership. This contrasts with the lower degree of integration and defensiveness in Gothenburg, in terms of willingness to use effective but politically sensitive policy measures.

This study examined the role of women's political leadership at the community level in China, a context that has experienced recent political and socioeconomic change and has a distinctive rural-urban divide. Drawing on longitudinal data from the China Family Panel Studies (N = 40,918~52,406 person-year observations), we found that female community directors outnumbered male directors in urban China but were much less common in rural areas. Female community directors had higher levels of human capital regardless of rural or urban location. Residents living in female-directed communities reported better mental health, but not physical health or life satisfaction, compared to those living in male-directed communities, and this association was most robust among rural women. For rural women, the mental health benefit of living in female-directed communities was partially explained by reduced personal experience of gender discrimination, suggesting that female leadership fosters ideational change toward women that lowers discriminatory behaviors among constituents.

This article aims to enhance understanding of the role of place in urban leadership by examining the way leadership changed significantly following the introduction of mayoral governance into a UK city. In 2012 ten cities in England held referendums to decide whether to introduce a directly elected mayor model of leadership. Bristol was the only city to vote in favour of this radical change and the Bristol Civic Leadership Project, set up before the first mayor was elected in November 2012, was designed to discover what differences the directly elected mayor model might make to the leadership and governance of a city. This article addresses two important questions: 1) Does the institutional design of local governance in a place influence leadership effectiveness? And 2) How, if at all, do the leadership styles of the individual elected as mayor affect the quality of place-based governance? The article identifies three main reasons why place is important in public policy – expression of identity, strengthening democracy and enhancing governmental effectiveness - and considers how the leadership innovations in Bristol engage with these three dimensions of place. As well as presenting evidence documenting how bold civic leadership has transformed the governance of a particular British city, the article contributes to leadership studies by exploring the relationships between place, power, and leadership.

This study examined Zimbabwean mothers' expression of maternal warmth as leaders of their young children aged one to three years in Masvingo urban. The study was informed by Urie Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems theory. The study used a phenomenological descriptive survey design with an open-ended questionnaire and focus group interviews with thirty-eight purposefully selected mothers as data collection methods. The design facilitated to bring to the surface deep issues and to make the voices of the mother participants heard. To make sense of the collected data, the researchers applied the grounded theory of data analysis to identify five themes under which the results were presented and discussed. This study established that Zimbabwean mothers understand the provision of maternal warmth to young children as being extremely important. The mothers positively expressed warmth and love to their children under three years of age within a cultural perspective. The study established that the mothers created an upward parenting spiral by prioritizing things that made children feel loved and happy. It was established that children who feel loved were autonomous, happy, cooperative and lovable. Regarding strictness, the study found that mothers were firm and fare, displaying an authoritative parenting style where children's needs and support were met. This study recommends that parental education on expressing warmth to ensure holistic development for children aged one to three year is needed. The government through the Ministry of Health and Child Welfare should step up efforts to help capacitate mothers with entrepreneurship skills for them to acquire resources needed for their young children

Better segments of mass people in developing countries are still unable to elect their representatives due to deficient political commitment of leaders and political unawareness. The present study aspires to explore political dynamics influencing leadership choice, and political instruments in influencing electorates in relation to activities of local political elites. National commitment to provide minimum democratic rights to secure their mandate has not yet been reflected in successive government's activities during election period. One decisive determinant of local election is the accessibility of choosing prospective leaders and barriers to manipulation of mandate that may develop because of location, monetary necessities, bureaucratic practices, use of various modes and technologies to attract voters, socio-economic distances between people & political parties and the gender biasness. The article argues that to enhance accessibility in selecting local statesmanship, fundamental changes are required not only in people's consciousness but also in the structure of election procedure.

International audience ; Apart from local monographs and normative texts on community participation, research on community leadership constitutes a blind spot in urban leadership, urban politics, social movements and urban studies. This article, based on case studies in post-apartheid Johannesburg, contributes to theorizing community leadership, or informal local political leadership, by exploring Bourdieu's concepts of 'political capital' and 'double dealings'. Considering community leaders as brokers between local residents and various institutions (in South Africa, the state and the party), we examine how leaders construct their political legitimacy, both towards 'the bottom' (building and maintaining their constituencies), and towards 'the top' (seeking and sustaining recognition from fractions of the party and the state). These legitimation processes are often in tension, pulling community leaders in contradictory directions, usefully understood under Bourdieu's concept of 'double dealings'. Community leaders are required, more than formally elected political leaders, to constantly reassert their legitimacy in multiple local public arenas due to the informal nature of their mandate and the high level of political competition between them-with destructive consequences for local polity but also the potential for increased accountability to their followers. We finally reflect on the relevance of this theoretical framework, inspired by Bourdieu, beyond South African urban politics.

The growth in the concept of sustainable development threw up a number of new economic, political, environmental and social dimensions at the end of the 1980s, hard on the heels of forecasts on the exhaustion of natural resources and climate change. European construction professionals had to integrate these new ideas into the way they designed and built. In this chapter, the idea is to analyse the concepts of this unusual notion using as a reference the perceptions, positions, thought patterns and know-how of the professionals directly concerned. The French case stands apart somewhat, in the sense that it reveals a particular type of actor (unlike the case of England where the approach seems less unified), referred to as the "Founders" of a movement whose starting point lies in the pioneering work of the ATEQUE workshop (workshop on the assessment of environmental quality in buildings, 1992).

The growth in the concept of sustainable development threw up a number of new economic, political, environmental and social dimensions at the end of the 1980s, hard on the heels of forecasts on the exhaustion of natural resources and climate change. European construction professionals had to integrate these new ideas into the way they designed and built. In this chapter, the idea is to analyse the concepts of this unusual notion using as a reference the perceptions, positions, thought patterns and know-how of the professionals directly concerned. The French case stands apart somewhat, in the sense that it reveals a particular type of actor (unlike the case of England where the approach seems less unified), referred to as the "Founders" of a movement whose starting point lies in the pioneering work of the ATEQUE workshop (workshop on the assessment of environmental quality in buildings, 1992).

The growth in the concept of sustainable development threw up a number of new economic, political, environmental and social dimensions at the end of the 1980s, hard on the heels of forecasts on the exhaustion of natural resources and climate change. European construction professionals had to integrate these new ideas into the way they designed and built. In this chapter, the idea is to analyse the concepts of this unusual notion using as a reference the perceptions, positions, thought patterns and know-how of the professionals directly concerned. The French case stands apart somewhat, in the sense that it reveals a particular type of actor (unlike the case of England where the approach seems less unified), referred to as the "Founders" of a movement whose starting point lies in the pioneering work of the ATEQUE workshop (workshop on the assessment of environmental quality in buildings, 1992).

This paper concerns the role of spatial leadership in the development of the knowledge-based economy. It is argued within academic and practitioner circles that leadership of knowledge networks requires a particular non-hierarchical style that is required to establish an ambience conducive to networking and knowledge sharing across boundaries. In this paper, we explore this hypothesis at both theoretical and empirical levels. Theoretically, we propose a conceptualization of relational knowledge leadership, which is 'nomadic' in its capacity to travel across multiple scales and cross sectoral, thematic and geographical boundaries. We have operationalized this type of relational knowledge leadership along four key features, derived from literatures on regional learning, organizational leadership and place leadership. Two empirical case studies are then presented, one from Birmingham in the UK and one from Eindhoven in the Netherlands, exploring how these features are expressed on the sub-national level. Also conclusions are drawn regarding the status of relational knowledge leadership. It is argued that the concept of relational knowledge leadership as viewed through our analytical lens does accord with the experience of leadership in the two cases presented. The cases also show that this style of leadership is confronted with three types of tensions that play through knowledge networking. Furthermore, it is argued that the cases exhibit this style of leadership to different degrees, reflecting their different cultural and political contexts

The management of urban and rural areas has always consisted of a mixture of state, market and civil society actors. In times of increased liberalization, deregulation and privatization of many former state-dominated tasks, limited institutional capabilities of smaller communities, a lack of consolidated government bodies and low effectiveness of authorities, there exists a greater interest for non-state 'place-based' economic engagement in general, and for private-sector involvement and leadership in regional governance in particular. This chapter introduces approaches to enterprise-driven urban and regional engagement. Empirically, the chapter summarizes existing case studies from the literature on enterprise-driven urban and regional engagement and asks if and how place leadership initiatives interact with corporate social responsibilities. In conclusion, the chapter suggests it is desirable to explicitly include the private sector in place leadership roundtables in order to create tri-sectoral negotiations.

Abstract Cities have emerged as important agents and sites in climate governance interventions, experimentations and networks. Drawing upon two strains of climate governance and collaborative governance literature, respectively, this article adopts a polycentric approach to the analysis of Oslo's urban climate governance. It unpacks the relationships between urban leadership, climate goal-setting and institutional design, and reveals how these variables condition the employment of a combination of integrative and interactive governing instruments that foster both self-governance and co-creation in climate responses. The article argues that broad and long-term political support facilitates the adoption of ambitious climate goals, utilization of regulatory powers, and the design and operations of innovative hybrid mixes of integrative and interactive governing instruments. The hybrid combination of instruments is what provides the basis for synergistic, predictable and dynamic forms of self-governance and co-created linkages among public and private 'units' within the wider urban climate governance ecosystem. Trans-local and transnational networks play an important role in building such capacities for urban climate governance. Local processes of co-creation and networked experimentations are 'scaling up' to change policies at city, national and international levels. The empirical observations from Oslo have implication for theories of polycentric urban climate governance and for the promise and limitations of cocreation in the climate arena. The analysis draws upon qualitative interviews with close to 50 public and private stakeholders and policy document studies. KEYWORDS co-creation, experimentations and scaling, integrative and interactive governance, leadership, polycentric urban climate governance ; publishedVersion