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TO STUDY VIOLENCE WITHIN RELIGION IS TO CONFRONT A PARADOX. THIS ARTICLE EXPLORES THE NATURE AND IMPLICATIONS OF THIS PARADOX, FOCUSING FOR THE MOST PART, ON THE PLACE OF VIOLENCE IN THE RELIGION OF PRIMITIVE OR PRE-STATE SOCIETIES. IT ADDRESSES THE QUESTION OF VIOLENCE IN A NON-WESTERN WORLD RELGION, ISLAM, WITHIN THE COMPARATIVE CONTEXT ESTABLISHED EARLY IN THE ARTICLE AND CONCLUDES THE THE SACRIFICIAL CHANNELING OF VIOLENCE AGAINST VIOLENCE IS ALWAYS IN DANGER OF SPILLING OVER INTO RENEWED REVENGE CYCLES OF VIOLENCE AGAINST VIOLENCE, ULTIMATELY RESULTING IN THE CONFUSION OF RITUAL AND HISTORY.

"Using discourses from across the conceptual and geographical board, Toby Miller argues for a different way of understanding violence, one that goes beyond supposedly universal human traits to focus instead on the specificities of history, place, and population as explanations for it. Violence engages these issues in a wide-ranging interdisciplinary form, examining definitions and data, psychology and ideology, gender, nation-states, and the media by covering several foundational questions: how has violence been defined, historically and geographically? has it decreased or increased over time? which regions of the world are the most violent? does violence correlate with economies, political systems, and religions? what is the relationship of gender and violence? what role do the media play? This book is a powerful introduction to the study of violence, ideal for students and researchers across the human sciences, most notably sociology, American and area studies, history, media and communication studies, politics, literature, and cultural studies"--