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Managers and analysts routinely collect and examine key performance measures to better understand their operations and make good decisions. Being able to render the complexity of operations data into a coherent account of significant events requires an understanding of how to work well with raw data and to make appropriate inferences. Although some statistical techniques for analyzing data and making inferences are sophisticated and require specialized expertise, there are methods that are understandable and applicable by anyone with basic algebra skills and the support of a spreadsheet package. By applying these fundamental methods themselves rather than turning over both the data and the responsibility for analysis and interpretation to an expert, managers will develop a richer understanding and potentially gain better control over their environment. This text is intended to describe these fundamental statistical techniques to managers, data analysts, and students. Statistical analysis of sample data is enhanced by the use of computers. Spreadsheet software is well suited for the methods discussed in this text. Examples in the text detail for the reader how to apply Microsoft Excel.

This chapter examines of how regional newspapers sought to represent working-class interests during three distinctive periods of the twentieth century: the 1930s, the 1950s and the 1980s. In doing so, it examines the negotiation newspapers had to make between national and regional identity as well as class and ideological affiliation. The chapter also provides a more focused case study as an example of where regional and national editorial agendas were negotiated around a particular issue – the Sheffield marches for free speech in 1914 in the pages of the Sheffield Daily Telegraph. The case study and the three historical periods under examination emphasise stories which signal the ways in which working-class identity is being negotiated within their specific constituencies by emphasising key ideological parameters of this negotiation. The material presented here stresses how, in seeking to represent and reflect (Bell 1984) both the distinctive local character of their readership and also a particular moral and political outlook, regional newspapers were seeking to provide a more nuanced and less confrontational news product than their national counterparts. Such nuance reflects the process of negotiation as regional newspapers were pulled, Janus-faced, in two opposing directions: one that sought to connect with and reflect their readers' interests, the other reinforcing particular notions of place and class status – the more explicit ideological character of newspapers' coverage. Though negotiation resonates in a wide variety of stories and newspaper content, it is at its most stark when the regional titles cover topics centred around economic hardship, industrial disputes and party-political affiliation and it is these stories that form the main focus of this survey. ; University of Sheffield SURE scheme.

Einstellungen und Meinungen berufstätiger Bundesbürger zum Arbeiten 4.0

Themen: Angaben rund um die eigene Erwerbstätigkeit (Art der Anstellung, Branche, etc.), Angaben zur beruflichen Internetnutzung; Einstellungen zum digitalen Wandel grundsätzlich und am Arbeitsplatz; Deutschland nutzt die Chancen des Digitalen Wandels ausreichend versus hat noch Nachholbedarf; Beurteilung von Fähigkeiten und Qualifikationen für die Arbeitswelt von morgen; Zufriedenheit mit dem derzeitigen Arbeitsplatz; Wichtigkeit verschiedener Merkmale der Arbeit; Zutreffen dieser Merkmale auf die eigene Arbeit; Einstellung zum Verhältnis von Berufstätigkeit und Privatleben; Ausmaß der Veränderungen am eigenen Arbeitsplatz durch die Digitalisierung; eher Vorteile oder Nachteile durch diese Veränderungen; Folgeerscheinungen der Veränderungen durch die Digitalisierung; eigener Arbeitgeber ist digital auf dem neuesten Stand versus hat Nachholbedarf; erwartete Auswirkungen der zunehmenden Digitalisierung auf die Anzahl an Arbeitsplätzen allgemein sowie für Geringqualifizierte und für Höherqualifizierte; eigener Arbeitsplatz könnte infolge der Digitalisierung ersetzt werden; Meinung zur Flexibilisierung der Arbeit; erwarte Zunahme oder Abnahme des Anteils von befristeten Arbeitsverhältnissen oder Leiharbeitern durch die Digitalisierung; generelle Forderung nach neuen politischen Rahmenbedingungen im Zuge der Digitalisierung; Regulierungsbedarf beim Thema Arbeiten (z.B. Beschränkung von befristeten Arbeitsverträgen usw.); Wahrnehmung der positiven Entwicklung auf dem Arbeitsmarkt; gute Vorbereitung auf die neuen Arbeitsmarktanforderungen durch die Schulen; Verbesserungsvorschläge für Schulen im Hinblick auf die Anforderungen der Digitalisierung; Auswirkungen der Veränderungen auf dem Arbeitsmarkt auf die Vereinbarkeit von Berufstätigkeit und Privatleben.

Demographie: Geschlecht; Alter; höchster Bildungsabschluss; Erwerbsstatus; berufliche Stellung; Haushaltsgröße; Anzahl der Personen im Haushalt ab 18 Jahren; Anzahl schulpflichtiger Kinder im Haushalt; Familienstand; Haushaltsnettoeinkommen; Ortsgröße (BIK und politische Gemeindegrößenklassen), Selbsteinschätzung der Schichtzugehörigkeit; Internetzugang zu Hause.

Zusätzlich verkodet wurde: ID; Gewichtungsfaktor.

Executives and managers hear or read headlines about recent economic data nearly every business day. Most important economic statistics are the products of programs designed to collect and analyze data to report summary results at regular intervals. Properly interpreted, these economic indicators provide useful barometers for different aspects of the economy and identify trends that aid better planning decisions. Economic indicators are available at the national level, state level, and even the regional and municipal levels. This text focuses on economic indicators for the overall U.S. economy, identifying major categories of economic indicators and describing the key indicators in each of the categories. Most key economic indicators are reported promptly on the Internet and are provided as formatted time series that can be readily downloaded and analyzed. This text will include links to the sources for key economic indicators, as well as websites that maintain calendars of upcoming announcements and consensus forecasts of the indicators shortly prior to a formal announcement.

Media independence is central to the organization, make-up, working practices and output of media systems across the globe. Often stemming from western notions of individual and political freedoms, independence has informed the development of media across a range of platforms: from the freedom of the press as the ""fourth estate"" and the rise of Hollywood's Independent studios and Independent television in Britain, through to the importance of ""Indy"" labels in music and gaming and the increasing importance of independence of voice in citizen journalism. Media independence for many, therefor

Managers and analysts routinely collect and examine key performance measures to better understand their operations and make good decisions. Being able to render the complexity of operations data into a coherent account of significant events requires an understanding of how to work well in the electronic environment with raw data. Although some statistical and financial techniques for analyzing data are sophisticated and require specialized expertise, there are methods that are understandable by and applicable to anyone with basic algebra skills and the support of a spreadsheet package. While specialized software packages may be used in a particular business setting, Microsoft Excel is routinely available on computer desktops. Managers who have been in the field any length of time may not be sufficiently familiar with the capabilities of Excel to make optimal use of its functionalities. Prior to undertaking a program to pursue executive training, managers who are refreshed with basic algebra skills and the capabilities of Excel will be prepared to develop a richer understanding from their more advanced work.

Susan Leigh Star (1954--2010) was one of the most influential science studies scholars of the last several decades. In her work, Star highlighted the messy practices of discovering science, asking hard questions about the marginalizing as well as the liberating powers of science and technology. In the landmark work Sorting Things Out, Star and Geoffrey Bowker revealed the social and ethical histories that are deeply embedded in classification systems. Star's most celebrated concept was the notion of boundary objects: representational forms -- things or theories -- that can be shared between different communities, with each holding its own understanding of the representation. Unfortunately, Leigh was unable to complete a work on the poetics of infrastructure that further developed the full range of her work. This volume collects articles by Star that set out some of her thinking on boundary objects, marginality, and infrastructure, together with essays by friends and colleagues from a range of disciplines -- from philosophy of science to organization science -- that testify to the wide-ranging influence of Star's work. ContributorsEllen Balka, Eevi E. Beck, Dick Boland, Geoffrey C. Bowker, Janet Ceja Alcal̀, Adele E. Clarke, Les Gasser, James R. Griesemer, Gail Hornstein, John Leslie King, Cheris Kramarae, Maria Puig de la Bellacasa, Karen Ruhleder, Kjeld Schmidt, Brian Cantwell Smith, Susan Leigh Star, Anselm L. Strauss, Jane Summerton, Stefan Timmermans, Helen Verran, Nina Wakeford, Jutta Weber