Rather than using their power to sustain the communist regime, Poland's police force worked to both support & oppose the communist elite. Traditional methods of repression & manipulation were employed in order to bring about the remarkably nonviolent collapse of communism in Poland. Privatizing the Police State (2000) by Maria Los & Andrzej Zybertowicz describes Poland's interesting transformation. It describes how Poland's secret service operations evolved to become intermediaries effecting Poland's move to globalization & a market economy. The authors also make use of the obvious irony that secret police methods can be employed to nurture an infant democracy. This new work marks a significant step for Polish sociology, & is the first Polish work of its kind to go beyond theory & method in an effort to fully investigate "dirty data.". 6 References. K. A. Larsen
Considers the progress made in formulating a new liberation theory of criminal justice. Reviews constitutive criminology's origins and concepts, meets its critics, and assesses the success it has had in helping to liberate thinking and in combating structures and mentalities of domination. Offers a perspective that stresses individual responsibility and moral action. (Original abstract - amended)