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Why, and by what right, do some people punish others? In this text, the author argues that the justification of punishment must be embedded in a larger political and moral theory.

Political Science; Public Administration

Political Science; Economics; Demography

Woman and the Colonial State deals with the ambiguous relationship between women of both the European and the Indonesian population and the colonial state in the former Netherlands Indies in the first half of the twentieth century. Based on new data from a variety of sources: colonial archives, journals, household manuals, children's literature, and press surveys, it analyses the women-state relationship by presenting five empirical studies on subjects, in which women figured prominently at the time: Indonesian labour, Indonesian servants in colonial homes, Dutch colonial fashion and food, the feminist struggle for the vote and the intense debate about monogamy of and by women at the end of the 1930s. An introductory essay combines the outcomes of the case studies and relates those to debates about Orientalism, the construction of whiteness, and to questions of modernity and the colonial state formation

Based on extensive archival research in Portugal, India, England, and France, this work provides the first monographic study of a crucial, yet hitherto ignored period in the history of Portugal's Asian empire: the years ca. 1640-1683. Ames' revisionist work demonstrates that, contrary to the tradition-al view of the inevitable decline and stagnation of the Estado da India after ca. 1640, these were years of innovative and dynamic reform which brought about the geo-political and economic stabilization of Portuguese Asia by 1683. The book details this fundamental shift in Crown policy toward Asia as initiated by Prince Regent Pedro of Braganza (1668-1702) and carried out most effectively by Viceroy Luis de MedonHa Furtado e Albuquerque.

Political Science

The years 1989/1990 saw the fall of the Iron Curtain. Following forty years of significant restrictions, legal and non-bureaucratic travel from East-Central and Eastern European countries was once again possible and travelling and returning to those countries became just as easy. Immediately following the end of the East-West conflict, people from East-Central and Eastern European countries took advantage of their new freedom of travel. Many sought to emigrate to Western countries. However, when faced with such immigration, the euphoria which met the end of the political divisions in the West evaporated quickly. Several polls and surveys, projections and prognoses served to unsettle people more than the reality of immigration. This gave rise to a sometimes blind and specious – yet nevertheless politically effective – fear of a new mass migration of peoples. Now, more than ten years after the fall of the Iron Curtain, the actual scale and development of the East-West migration in Europe be clearly evaluated. This book attempts to do just that, including a comprehensive overview and eleven country-specific chapters. Each chapter includes a historical review, an account of the most important changes since 1989/1990 and a forecast of future migration developments.

Political Science

This work analyses the political and social problems which arise when American forces are stationed in other countries. The book analyses the constraints country by country, and contrasts this with the rights of conquest of traditional colonial empires.

La « méthode Monnet » de construction européenne serait-elle en voie de s'épuiser ? De nombreux indices le donnent à penser. Après l'achèvement du marché intérieur, et face aux défis que constituent la fin de la guerre froide, la mondialisation et l'élargissement, l'Union européenne est en quête d'une nouvelle méthode d'intégration. Les grandes politiques lancées par les traités de Maastricht et Amsterdam (Union économique et monétaire, politique étrangère, sécurité intérieure, politiques sociales…) reposent de plus en plus sur une « coopération ouverte » entre gouvernements, où les institutions communautaires peinent à trouver leurs marques. Élargie dans sa taille et dans ses objectifs, l'Union se repose davantage, pour la conception et la mise en œuvre de ses politiques, sur les gouvernements nationaux et les entités régionales. Le temps des grands engagements semble, lui aussi, révolu. Les conférences intergouvernementales se succèdent désormais à un rythme soutenu, davantage pour corriger les traités que pour lancer de nouveaux projets de grande ampleur. La construction de l'Europe connaît ainsi une « grande transformation », qui impose de réfléchir au nouveau modèle qui se dessine, à la fois plus ambitieux dans ses objectifs et plus modeste dans ses moyens, plus large dans son étendue géographique et plus décentralisé. Le premier volume de cette étude est consacré aux institutions et aux acteurs politiques. Les auteurs s'y demandent comment la Commission, le Conseil, la Cour et le Parlement européens s'adaptent à ces évolutions majeures. Ils examinent aussi le rôle que jouent sur cette scène nouvelle les partis, les groupes d'intérêts et les régions. Derrière ces transformations, c'est la question du « nouveau modèle » constitutionnel et de la « nouvelle gouvernance » de l'Europe qui se trouve posée.

Political Science; European Union

Political Science