Suchergebnisse

This is a thought-provoking analysis on why democracy succeeds in some countries but not others, comparing the post-transition experiences of two cases of contemporary democratisation: Russia and Indonesia. Following authoritarian regimes, democracy eroded in Russia but flourished in Indonesia - so confounding dominant theories of democratisation that predicted the opposite outcomes based on their levels of socioeconomic development and histories of statehood. Identifying key behaviours and patterns of political participation as a factor, Lussier interweaves ethnographic interview and quantitative public opinion data to expand our understanding on how mass political participation contributes to a democracy's survival. The integration of both micro- and macro-level data in a single study is one of this project's most significant contributions, and will enhance its appeal to both researchers and instructors.

"This work explains elite behaviour in authoritarian systems and proposes why elites withdraw their support for the incumbent when faced with popular uprisings. Building upon foundations drawn from institutional authoritarianism and synthesised with local context from the substantial scholarship on the Middle East and North Africa, the book argues that the elite supporting autocrats come from three distinct cadres: the military, the single-party and the personalist. Each of these cadres possesses its own distinct institutional interests and preferences towards regime change. Drawing on these interests, the study constructs a theoretical framework that is assessed through testing it against three variables. Utilising an analytic narrative, the research finds that the withdrawal of elite support is the consequence of long-term processes that see distinct cadres marginalised. First, increased incumbent preference for personalist elements destabilises regimes as the military and single-party cadres reconsider their position. Second, neoliberal economic policies, implement via structural adjustment accelerated this personalisation as the state's withdrawal from the economy. This, in turn, affected the ability of the military and single-party elites to access patronage. Finally, the degree of military involvement in the formal political sphere contributes to shaping the nature of the system that replaced the incumbent regime under examination. Building upon a wide range of literature the book argues that interest realisation determines whether or not elite actors support regime change in authoritarian systems. The volume will be of interest to scholars researching politics, social sciences and the Middle East"--

Eberhard Schneider ; Mit dt. Zsfassung ; Volltext // Exemplar mit der Signatur: München, Bayerische Staatsbibliothek -- 4 Z 68.247-1988,41/47

by Law Wun-sheng. ; Title on added t.p.: UDHK and election in Hong Kong : the behavior, strategies and objectives of a political elite group. ; Copy 3 contains chapter 6-7. ; Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1992. ; Includes bibliographical references (leaves 102-105). ; ACKNOWLEDGMENT ; INTRODUCTION --- p.1 ; Problem and Hypothesis ; Data and Methodology ; The Setting ; Crisis and Opportunity ; Elections in1991 ; Emergence of UDHK ; Chapter CHAPTER 1: --- FOUNDATION OF UDHK --- p.20 ; Liberal Groups ; A Common Goal ; Infrastructure of UDHK ; Moral and Contractual Basis ; A Party of Populism? ; Chapter CHAPTER 2: --- HYBRID OF WESTERN AND CHINESE CULTURES --- p.31 ; Descendants of Refugees and Sojourners ; Esoteric Socialization of Elite ; Christianity and Rationality ; Impersonal Standard ; Impact of ICAC ; Political Fabians ; Normative and Pragmatic Rules ; Principle of Calculation ; Chapter CHAPTER 3: --- ELECTORAL STRATEGIES OF UDHK --- p.51 ; Constraints and Restraints ; A Mobilization Meeting ; Action-set and Quasi-group ; Home-visit to Voters ; Joint-ticket Strategy ; Principle of Reciprocity ; Denigration and Negative Campaign ; Traditional Strategies ; Chapter CHAPTER 4: --- OBJECTIVES OF UDHK --- p.73 ; A Greater Democracy in Hong Kong ; Legislative Restraints ; Universalistic and Particularistic Interests ; Prestigious and Pecuniary Goals ; The Burden of Chinese Culture ; From 'Rose Garden' to 'Rosy China' ; Chapter CHAPTER 5: --- CONCLUSION --- p.92 ; NOTES --- p.98 ; BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.102 ; Chapter APPENDIX I - --- Interview Questionnaire --- p.106 ; Chapter APPENDIX II - --- Home-visit Survey Questionnaire --- p.109 ; CHRONOLOGY OF MAJOR EVENTS IN HONG KONG --- p.112 ; POLITICAL HISTORY

"This book reveals the complex relationship between elite perceptions and behaviour, and governance, in China. It moves away from existing scholarship by focusing on functionaries, grass-roots elites, leading intellectuals, and opinion-makers in China and by looking beyond the top leadership, makes a significant contribution to our understanding of shared governance and broadened political participation in China. The chapters in this collection explore the elites' role as opinion-makers, technical experts, producers of knowledge, and executives or managers, and pose a number of questions, the answers to which are crucial to understanding future political and economic development in China. What are elite perceptions of governance, inequality and justice; what do the elites mean by good governance; what is the influence of non-Chinese Communist Party elites in policy-making and implementation in China; how have they exerted their influence in the PRC and influenced its direction of future development; and what have grass-roots elites contributed to governance in local communities? Providing a keen insight into the role elites have played in governing China since 1978, this book is a pioneering effort to bring together elite studies and governance studies. As such, it will be highly relevant for policy-makers within international organizations, governments, and NGOs outside China as well as appealing to scholars and students interested in Chinese politics and governance."--Publisher's website

First published in 1978, this unique work throws much-needed light upon the exact nature of privilege and elite life-styles in the contemporary Soviet Union, under the Communist regime. Dr Matthews' study places these life-styles in a historical perspective, and characterises, in sociological terms, the people who enjoyed them.This study is based on an extensive programme of personal interviews among emigré groups and a close analysis of original and little-known legal historical sources. There are special sections on the nature of change in the Soviet elite and on social mo.

First published in 1978, this unique work throws much-needed light upon the exact nature of privilege and elite life-styles in the contemporary Soviet Union, under the Communist regime. Dr Matthews' study places these life-styles in a historical perspective, and characterises, in sociological terms, the people who enjoyed them.This study is based on an extensive programme of personal interviews among emigré groups and a close analysis of original and little-known legal historical sources. There are special sections on the nature of change in the Soviet elite and on social mobility. This reissu

Uses characteristic education, occupation, and job experience credentials of current elites in U.S. institutions to approximate the proportion of women in the pool of potential elites. Women's representation in elite positions is broadly consistent with their representation in these elite pools, and their status in elite pools is not expected to increase substantially until early next century. (Abstract amended)