Suchergebnisse

Das Internet Governance Forum (IGF) wurde 2005 eingerichtet, um den globalen Austausch über die politischen Herausforderungen des Internets zu vertiefen. Inspiriert vom Ideal der »Multistakeholder Governance«, bringt das IGF dazu Ver­treterinnen und Vertreter der Staaten, aus Wirtschaft, Wissenschaft und Zivilgesellschaft zusammen. Wie andere Institutionen der globalen Internet Governance ist jedoch auch das IGF davon betroffen, dass die politischen Konflikte im und über das Internet an Schärfe zunehmen. Ein vom UN-Generalsekretär eingesetztes Panel hat nun einen Bericht zur Zukunft des IGF vorgelegt – und darin grundsätzliche Reformen zum 75. Jahrestag der UN-Gründung 2020 angemahnt. Die so angestoßene Debatte dürfte beim IGF 2019 in Berlin einen vorläufigen Höhepunkt erleben. Bei aller berechtigten Kritik im Detail gilt es, das IGF vor überhöhten Erwartungen zu bewahren. Es kann globale politische Konflikte nicht lösen, doch bietet es eine ein­malige globale Plattform, um befreit von Entscheidungszwängen ebendiese Konflikte zu diskutieren. (Autorenreferat)

Governance, the world over, has become the main framework for assessing the effective utilization of human and material resources for the development of a nation or an organization. This paper explores the link between governance failure, violence and its implication for internal security in Rivers State. The level of violence in the state is high and increasing particularly since 1999 when the nation returned to civil rule. Violence such as inter and intra communal conflicts, cult violence, armed robbery, kidnapping, political violence among others, now writ large in the state. The study utilized the qualitative and content analysis. The paper reveals that the pervasive nature of violence with negative effect on the internal security is the fall out of the failure of the governance in the state. The paper recommends, among other things that, good governance is a tool for empowering the people, which in turn, will reduce unemployment, poverty, marginalization and the recourse to violent aggression in the state.

The unique "Swiss way" of association with the European Union (EU) has received increasing attention in light of recent events such as Brexit as it is based on sectoral agreements without an overarching institutional framework. As such, Europeanization of Swiss domestic policy does not follow a straightforward process. We examine the external governance processes that drive the Europeanization of Swiss energy policy. Switzerland and the EU are highly interdependent in energy due to Switzerland's geographical position but there is a relatively low level of policy alignment, as there is no formal EU-Swiss energy agreement nor has Switzerland autonomously implemented legislation equivalent to the EU energy acquis. The EU has fully liberalized the energy market and is focusing on consumer empowerment and decarbonization through the Clean Energy Package, whereas the Swiss energy sector remains only partially liberalized. Through a series of expert interviews with key stakeholders, we reconstruct the historical developments in Swiss energy policy, focusing on the relationship with, and the influence of the EU. We observe elements of each of the three ideal modes of governance - markets, hierarchies, and networks. The relative importance of these modes of coordination in governing EU-Swiss energy relations has shifted considerably over time. Gradual harmonization of EU energy markets and certain key events have driven Swiss exclusion from EU network governance processes, leading to more hierarchy. We identify the strengths and weaknesses of each mode of governance for EU-Swiss energy relations in their historical setting and discuss the implications for energy policy in Switzerland in the context of the Clean Energy Package and EU external relations in general.

Präsident Wolodymyr Selenskyj sieht sein Land bald als "Staat im Smartphone", das im Bereich der E-Governance nicht nur in Osteuropa eine Vorreiterrolle übernimmt. Die Interaktion mit dem Bürger soll dabei im Vordergrund stehen. Damit Selenskyjs Vision Wirklichkeit werden kann, wird trotz einer durchaus eindrucksvollen Bilanz bisheriger Maßnahmen im öffentlichen Sektor noch viel aufzuholen sein und müssen erhebliche systemimmanente und partikularinteressengesteuerte Widerstände überwunden werden. Bei politischem Gleichklang mit der in Kürze zu wählenden Regierung und der weiteren Verwurzelung seiner Vision in der dynamischen IT-Szene des Landes bestehen aber gute Chance, dass Präsident Selenskyj seine Vorstellungen verwirklichen kann. Die EU bietet wie bei allen Reformbestrebungen dabei im Rahmen des Assoziierungsabkommens ihre tatkräftige Hilfe an.

Abstract
A growing body of literature examines how to make the use of new and emerging technologies more transparent and explainable as a means to ensure accountability for harm to human rights. While a critical part of accountability, a predominant focus on the technology can result in the design and adaptation of accountability principles to 'manage' the technology instead of starting from an assessment of the governance choices actors make when integrating new and emerging technologies into their mandates. Recognition of the governance choices underpinning the introduction of new and emerging technologies is often overlooked in scholarship and practice. Yet, without explicit recognition of the role played by technology in governance, the disruptive effects of technology on (global) governance may be underplayed or even ignored. In this response, I argue that if the 'culture of accountability' is to adapt to the challenges posed by new and emerging technologies, the focus cannot only be technology-led. It must also be interrogative of the governance choices that are made within organizations, particularly those vested with public functions at the international and national level.

Government and Governance of Security. The Politics of Organized Crime in Chile
Carlos Solar
Routledge Studies in Latin American Politics
New York and London, Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2018
157 páginas.

Corporate governance provides an answer to the question who controls the corporation and how. It involves a set of relationships between management, shareholders and stakeholders. Corporate governance in Bosnia and Herzegovina is within the legal jurisdiction of entities, and consequently there are two substantially aligned and yet completely distinct corporate governance systems, which separates Bosnia and Herzegovina as a state in the international environment into a specific category in terms of corporate governance.

This paper will analyze ownership concentration in order to identify the characteristics of the corporate governance systems, then it will present the principles on which the legal framework for corporate governance in Bosnia and Herzegovina is defined, compare the business transparency standards with the transparency directive in the EU, and measure the quality level of corporate governance in order to define key areas for improvement of corporate governance in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The development and characteristics of the corporate governance systems in Bosnia and Herzegovina will be explored and compared with the regulatory framework and standards of corporate governance in the European Union. Special emphasis is on comparing the transparency principles and standards of corporations in Bosnia and Herzegovina with corporations in the European Union. The aim of the research is to compare the regulatory framework and characteristics of the corporate governance system in corporations in Bosnia and Herzegovina with the standards in the European Union, to identify similarities and differences and to define key areas for improvement of corporate governance in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

AbstractIn recent years, social enterprises in Taiwan have experienced a period of growth and are becoming more diversified. At the same time, the government is paying more attention to fostering a policy-friendly environment for their development. Despite growing interest in social enterprises, research on this phenomenon remains limited in Taiwan. Using a cross-sectoral perspective, this study is based on qualitative data from in-depth interviews on social enterprises. There are three main findings, first, the development of Taiwan's social enterprise policy is deeply affected by different sectors. Second, the roles of the sectors are distinct and there is frequent cross-sectoral cooperation. Third, there is still a gap between the government sector's and other sectors' views of the social enterprise policy.

AbstractThis paper investigates the association between environmental, social, and governance (ESG) disclosure and company profitability, as measured by return on assets (ROA). We first assess a method to indexing the ESG score of a large sample of U.S. listed companies based on MSCI ESG KLD STATS data from 2000 to 2016. The statistical model is run on 17,358 observations and studies the association of ROA and the three different dimensions of ESG score. Significant differences between industrial firms and financial intermediaries emerge. We find a significant and positive association between ESG and that the environmental awareness in banks is strongly related to profitability, providing implications for policy makers and policy takers.

AbstractThis paper studies the influence of different national institutions on corporate environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance through the varieties of institutional systems approach. This research complements previous research that used traditional approaches such as the national business systems and the varieties of capitalism, because it considers companies in understudied economies in Asia, Africa, Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Latin America. To that aim, a dataset of 4,751 firms within 52 countries is examined through a multilevel model, which allows establishing three levels of analysis: (a) yearly observations of a firm ESG performance, (b) the companies, and (c) the countries. This technique is useful to address the nested nature of firms' ESG performance within higher level institutional contexts. The results identify which specific national institutions enhance/restrict companies' ESG performance. This provides interesting implications because firms' ESG represent most of the companies' contributions to environmental preservation, social well‐being, and community development.

This article examines evidence of teachers' work and learning in one school setting in the northern regions of Queensland, Australia, revealing how globalized performative practices that circulate around the collection and use of data in schooling settings are both confirmed and contested. Drawing upon the literature on the nature of accountability, particularly in relation to educational governance, and alternative theorizing of educational practice as praxis, the research reveals how teachers' work and learning are heavily implicated in the development and perpetuation of reductive, performative conceptions of education, even as teachers seek to foster a more educative disposition. The research draws upon interviews and meeting transcripts of teachers seeking to enhance their own learning for student learning. The article reveals that even as teachers are actively involved in developing and analysing a plethora of data to foster their own learning for enhanced student learning, they also struggle to do so in a context that ascribes particular standardized forms of school, regional and national data as the data of most value. At the same time, the article describes how more sustainable practices do exist, and serve as examples of forms of praxis that challenge more reductive, performative conceptions of learning in schools more broadly.