We study the link between the choice of governance and political hazards using municipal school canteens. We provide evidence that in politically contested cities, mayors are more likely to choose to "make" rather than "buy" to avoid challenge of the contract with a private partner. A higher probability of losing office – proxied by close victory margins and political concentration – increases the probability to "make". We also provide evidence that in cities where the potential challenge on sustainable supply is high, mayors tend to "make" also to signal trustworthiness to the voter. A higher presence of ecologist's citizens and alternative supply organizations – proxied by the presence of Agenda 21 and the presence of alternative and organic food shops – increases the probability to "make".
We study the link between the choice of governance and political hazards using municipal school canteens. We provide evidence that in politically contested cities, mayors are more likely to choose to "make" rather than "buy" to avoid challenge of the contract with a private partner. A higher probability of losing office – proxied by close victory margins and political concentration – increases the probability to "make". We also provide evidence that in cities where the potential challenge on sustainable supply is high, mayors tend to "make" also to signal trustworthiness to the voter. A higher presence of ecologist's citizens and alternative supply organizations – proxied by the presence of Agenda 21 and the presence of alternative and organic food shops – increases the probability to "make".
We study the link between the choice of governance and political hazards using municipal school canteens. We provide evidence that in politically contested cities, mayors are more likely to choose to "make" rather than "buy" to avoid challenge of the contract with a private partner. A higher probability of losing office – proxied by close victory margins and political concentration – increases the probability to "make". We also provide evidence that in cities where the potential challenge on sustainable supply is high, mayors tend to "make" also to signal trustworthiness to the voter. A higher presence of ecologist's citizens and alternative supply organizations – proxied by the presence of Agenda 21 and the presence of alternative and organic food shops – increases the probability to "make".
We study the link between the choice of governance and political hazards using municipal school canteens. We provide evidence that in politically contested cities, mayors are more likely to choose to "make" rather than "buy" to avoid challenge of the contract with a private partner. A higher probability of losing office – proxied by close victory margins and political concentration – increases the probability to "make". We also provide evidence that in cities where the potential challenge on sustainable supply is high, mayors tend to "make" also to signal trustworthiness to the voter. A higher presence of ecologist's citizens and alternative supply organizations – proxied by the presence of Agenda 21 and the presence of alternative and organic food shops – increases the probability to "make".
Barbara Bruce argues that, through the trope of collection and the related motifs of gifting and hoarding, John Richardson's Wacousta offers a critical assessment of British rule in Upper Canada not only in its foundational years but also in Richardson's own time.
This work concerns the mutualist governance. From a frame of analysis based on legitimacy theory, we tried to understand how appears legitimacy in mutual organisation context today. The proposal is that it exists inevitably a gap between the legitimacy built by managers and the legitimacy perceived by the stakeholders. Managers display then strategies of legitimization by a communication based on mutualist references. The mutualist model would become a management tool. In a phase of quantitative research with the involved stakeholders, we identify a common base shared between stakeholders, as well as a mutualist gap, which concerns the perception that the company masters its projet and contributes to the territory. A typology of the stakeholders is drawn up around a horizontal split. The qualitative analysis of speech reveals different patterns, based on communication, politics and management. ; Ce travail porte sur la gouvernance mutualiste. A partir d'un cadre d'analyse fondé sur la légitimité, nous avons cherché à comprendre comment s'exprime la légitimité en contexte mutualiste aujourd'hui. La proposition faite est qu'il existe nécessairement un gap entre la légitimité construite par les dirigeants et la légitimité perçue par les parties prenantes. Les dirigeants déploient alors des stratégies de légitimation par une communication mutualiste. Le modèle mutualiste deviendrait un outil de gestion des parties prenantes. Dans une phase de recherche quantitative auprès des parties prenantes impliquées, nous identifions un socle commun partagé ainsi qu'un gap mutualiste, qui porte sur la perception que l'entreprise maîtrise son projet et contribue au territoire. Une typologie des parties prenantes est dressée autour d'un clivage horizontal. L'analyse qualitative de discours révèle des systèmes de références sensiblement différents selon les entreprises. Nous distinguons trois approches dans la gestion de la légitimité en contexte mutualiste : communicationnelle, politique et managériale.
This work concerns the mutualist governance. From a frame of analysis based on legitimacy theory, we tried to understand how appears legitimacy in mutual organisation context today. The proposal is that it exists inevitably a gap between the legitimacy built by managers and the legitimacy perceived by the stakeholders. Managers display then strategies of legitimization by a communication based on mutualist references. The mutualist model would become a management tool. In a phase of quantitative research with the involved stakeholders, we identify a common base shared between stakeholders, as well as a mutualist gap, which concerns the perception that the company masters its projet and contributes to the territory. A typology of the stakeholders is drawn up around a horizontal split. The qualitative analysis of speech reveals different patterns, based on communication, politics and management. ; Ce travail porte sur la gouvernance mutualiste. A partir d'un cadre d'analyse fondé sur la légitimité, nous avons cherché à comprendre comment s'exprime la légitimité en contexte mutualiste aujourd'hui. La proposition faite est qu'il existe nécessairement un gap entre la légitimité construite par les dirigeants et la légitimité perçue par les parties prenantes. Les dirigeants déploient alors des stratégies de légitimation par une communication mutualiste. Le modèle mutualiste deviendrait un outil de gestion des parties prenantes. Dans une phase de recherche quantitative auprès des parties prenantes impliquées, nous identifions un socle commun partagé ainsi qu'un gap mutualiste, qui porte sur la perception que l'entreprise maîtrise son projet et contribue au territoire. Une typologie des parties prenantes est dressée autour d'un clivage horizontal. L'analyse qualitative de discours révèle des systèmes de références sensiblement différents selon les entreprises. Nous distinguons trois approches dans la gestion de la légitimité en contexte mutualiste : communicationnelle, politique et managériale.
The territorial dimension has become a major issue in the last twenty years both at level of enterprises and institutions. For the first, territorial concerns lie mainly in the choice of locations of activities and forms of business cooperation. For the second, the recurring issue is that of regional planning that lean to the territorial governance. Thus, starting from the inherent idéology in this thesis, our main objective was to determine and assess the governance factors highlighting the role of territory and proximity to industrial development in Douala. The development of our ideas was structured in a lecture divided into two parts, each comprising two chapters. Before discussing the analytical framework for space management and industrial proliferation in Douala (part two), we reviewed the theoretical and empirical framework of industrial location and territorial dynamics (first part). The objective of the first part was to trace the outline of the evolution of the location of industrial activities such as they are set by certain works like those of A.MARSHALL (1890), P.KRUGMAN (1991), and territorial theories on the one hand, and to specify the theoretical analysis of the setting regulation on the other hand. The regulation approach (part two) challenges the rules of mutual coordination between government interventions and strategies of private actors in the process of industrial location and local development in Douala. This is usually made following the effective interaction and coordination conveyed between the local and territorial actors. The combination of coordination within the public sphere with coordination within the private sphere in a broader partnership probably constitutes the most effective mode of operation of territorial governance which is most indicated to address transversal problems across the city and CEMAC area. ; La dimension territoriale est devenue un enjeu majeur ces vingt dernières années autant au niveau des entreprises qu'au niveau des institutions. Pour les premières, les ...
The territorial dimension has become a major issue in the last twenty years both at level of enterprises and institutions. For the first, territorial concerns lie mainly in the choice of locations of activities and forms of business cooperation. For the second, the recurring issue is that of regional planning that lean to the territorial governance. Thus, starting from the inherent idéology in this thesis, our main objective was to determine and assess the governance factors highlighting the role of territory and proximity to industrial development in Douala. The development of our ideas was structured in a lecture divided into two parts, each comprising two chapters. Before discussing the analytical framework for space management and industrial proliferation in Douala (part two), we reviewed the theoretical and empirical framework of industrial location and territorial dynamics (first part). The objective of the first part was to trace the outline of the evolution of the location of industrial activities such as they are set by certain works like those of A.MARSHALL (1890), P.KRUGMAN (1991), and territorial theories on the one hand, and to specify the theoretical analysis of the setting regulation on the other hand. The regulation approach (part two) challenges the rules of mutual coordination between government interventions and strategies of private actors in the process of industrial location and local development in Douala. This is usually made following the effective interaction and coordination conveyed between the local and territorial actors. The combination of coordination within the public sphere with coordination within the private sphere in a broader partnership probably constitutes the most effective mode of operation of territorial governance which is most indicated to address transversal problems across the city and CEMAC area. ; La dimension territoriale est devenue un enjeu majeur ces vingt dernières années autant au niveau des entreprises qu'au niveau des institutions. Pour les premières, les ...
The territorial dimension has become a major issue in the last twenty years both at level of enterprises and institutions. For the first, territorial concerns lie mainly in the choice of locations of activities and forms of business cooperation. For the second, the recurring issue is that of regional planning that lean to the territorial governance. Thus, starting from the inherent idéology in this thesis, our main objective was to determine and assess the governance factors highlighting the role of territory and proximity to industrial development in Douala. The development of our ideas was structured in a lecture divided into two parts, each comprising two chapters. Before discussing the analytical framework for space management and industrial proliferation in Douala (part two), we reviewed the theoretical and empirical framework of industrial location and territorial dynamics (first part). The objective of the first part was to trace the outline of the evolution of the location of industrial activities such as they are set by certain works like those of A.MARSHALL (1890), P.KRUGMAN (1991), and territorial theories on the one hand, and to specify the theoretical analysis of the setting regulation on the other hand. The regulation approach (part two) challenges the rules of mutual coordination between government interventions and strategies of private actors in the process of industrial location and local development in Douala. This is usually made following the effective interaction and coordination conveyed between the local and territorial actors. The combination of coordination within the public sphere with coordination within the private sphere in a broader partnership probably constitutes the most effective mode of operation of territorial governance which is most indicated to address transversal problems across the city and CEMAC area. ; La dimension territoriale est devenue un enjeu majeur ces vingt dernières années autant au niveau des entreprises qu'au niveau des institutions. Pour les premières, les ...
Résumé Dans la présente étude de cas, nous étudions les caractéristiques de la gouvernance dans le cadre de l'assistance offerte aux victimes au lendemain du tsunami de 2004, de la restauration des services et installations essentiels et de la reconstruction à plus long terme de l'infrastructure endommagée/détruite dans la ville de Galle, au Sri Lanka. Les données d'entretien révèlent que les tentatives de redressement ont été considérablement affaiblies par l'absence de collaboration entre les principaux acteurs aux niveaux central et local. Au niveau du district, plus précisément, les relations entre les principaux acteurs n'étaient pas suffisamment ciblées et étaient peu systématiques. Nous soutenons que même si les avantages suscités par l'intégration des actions des différents acteurs étatiques et non étatiques dans une gouvernance de ce type sont de plus en plus reconnus, le gouvernement hésite à renoncer à l'actuel mode de gouvernance, à savoir une gouvernance directive (« command and control »). Cette façon de faire a entraîné des coûts de gouvernance excessifs, et les ressources allouées à la reconstruction ont été soit détournées, soit sous-utilisées. Résumé à l'intention des praticiens Depuis cette terrible catastrophe, la bonne volonté est énorme et les gens sont disposés à oublier les divisions et les intérêts partisans d'autrefois. Cette tendance est néanmoins fragile et risque de se dissiper facilement. Elle doit être délibérément préservée et exploitée. Les praticiens doivent en profiter pour établir des relations basées sur la collaboration et réformer les processus administratifs afin de faciliter la fourniture de produits et de services, en définissant les priorités selon les besoins. Les recommandations destinées à l'exécutif politique doivent souligner l'urgence et l'intérêt public de recourir à toutes les ressources humaines, financières et physiques disponibles par le biais d'accords de collaboration associant toutes les sources, y compris la fonction publique à chaque niveau de gouvernement, les entreprises et les organisations non gouvernementales.
