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The article outlooks the issue of empowering in education through organizing student self-governance. The relevance of the research is proved by "European Convention on Human Rights" that was adopted by Council of Europe in 1994 and supported by Ukrainian government. Some changes have been made in the sphere of education, student self-governance is considered to protect students' rights and interests and involve them into the management of educational institution.The analysis of scientific works of the domestic and foreign is presented in the article. The conceptual framework of the paper comprises the works by P. Freire, P. Hodkinson, T. Lawson, and J. Walker. The Ukrainian scientists I. Anosov, V. Demchuk, H. Harbuzova, Yu. Krashchenko, V. Prykhodko, V. Solovei, L. Sheina, L. Shyhapova, L. Vozniak pay special attention to different aspects of implementing self-governance in educational institutions. The purpose of the paper is to describe the student self-governance as a way of empowerment of human rights in education. It is defined that the foundations of the empowerment in education are revealed in the work of P. Freire where he stresses that students need to be actively involved in that learning and governing in order to have emancipatory effects. The concept of empowerment in education was first defined in the late 20th century by foreign scientists in the sphere of sociology and psychology (I. Cunningham, J. Hyman, and C. Baldry) who assert that empowerment means keeping control over different aspects of educational process and being responsible for quality of knowledge and skills gained. The authors emphasize that some aspects of empowerment correlates with the functions of student self-governing at educational institutions. Based on V. M. Pevsner's research on the pedagogical potential of student self-governance, three main criteria for empowerment are singled out. It is concluded that the empowerment in education through implementing self-governance can help people understand the different beliefs, attitudes and values, as well as the glaring contradictions of today's multicultural society in which they live. ; . The article outlooks the issue of empowering in education through organizing student self-governance. The relevance of the research is proved by "European Convention on Human Rights" that was adopted by Council of Europe in 1994 and supported by Ukrainian government. Some changes have been made in the sphere of education, student self-governance is considered to protect students' rights and interests and involve them into the management of educational institution.The analysis of scientific works of the domestic and foreign is presented in the article. The conceptual framework of the paper comprises the works by P. Freire, P. Hodkinson, T. Lawson, and J. Walker. The Ukrainian scientists I. Anosov, V. Demchuk, H. Harbuzova, Yu. Krashchenko, V. Prykhodko, V. Solovei, L. Sheina, L. Shyhapova, L. Vozniak pay special attention to different aspects of implementing self-governance in educational institutions. The purpose of the paper is to describe the student self-governance as a way of empowerment of human rights in education. It is defined that the foundations of the empowerment in education are revealed in the work of P. Freire where he stresses that students need to be actively involved in that learning and governing in order to have emancipatory effects. The concept of empowerment in education was first defined in the late 20th century by foreign scientists in the sphere of sociology and psychology (I. Cunningham, J. Hyman, and C. Baldry) who assert that empowerment means keeping control over different aspects of educational process and being responsible for quality of knowledge and skills gained. The authors emphasize that some aspects of empowerment correlates with the functions of student self-governing at educational institutions. Based on V. M. Pevsner's research on the pedagogical potential of student self-governance, three main criteria for empowerment are singled out. It is concluded that the empowerment in education through implementing self-governance can help people understand the different beliefs, attitudes and values, as well as the glaring contradictions of today's multicultural society in which they live.

The article discusses the status and development trends of corporate governance at domestic enterprises in comparison with foreign ones, identifies problems and suggests possible ways to improve efficiency. The domestic model of corporate governance is analyzed, the diagnosis of its advantages and disadvantages is carried out, the effectiveness of its use in the national economy is isolated. The corporate governance diagnostics of individual domestic corporations was carried out and the prospects for their further development were determined precisely with an increase in the level of corporate governance efficiency. There is no single, generally accepted model of corporate governance that would be used by all countries. However, there are certain defined principles, standards, basic criteria and provisions. The Ukrainian model of corporate governance, in contrast to countries with developed market economies, was formed mainly artificially - by almost simultaneous corporatization and privatization of a huge number of state-owned enterprises. The process of formation of corporate relations in Ukraine was somewhat different from the world and has already passed three stages. The effectiveness of corporate governance is defined as the result of a combination of four factors: features of national legislation, type of ownership, governing bodies, social pressure. The main problems of modern corporate governance, in our opinion, are: the uncertainty of the external environment, the difficulty in using the domestic model of corporate governance, violations of shareholder rights. The transition to a market economy, rapid processes of restructuring and privatization of certain sectors of the national economy have introduced into economic circulation a rather complex category as "corporate governance", which has become the key to successful management of any business unit. Today, the creation of new corporate enterprises is becoming increasingly popular, which in most cases is manifested in the creation of joint stock companies. The effectiveness of their work directly depends on the qualifications of staff, including management, the ability to make and implement decisions, the right management system and so on. The effectiveness of corporate governance is a crucial factor in the success of any company. The problem of the effectiveness of corporate governance is becoming increasingly important in times of economic and political crises, in the period of outflow of qualified personnel, in periods of stagnation of some and the rise of other sectors of the national economy. Today, corporate governance at Ukrainian enterprises is accompanied by many problems that need to be addressed immediately. The main ones are the lack of a single methodology for assessing the effectiveness of corporate governance, unregulated corporate relations. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method of corporate governance that would take into account all the problems and peculiarities of the functioning of domestic enterprises and meet the needs of stakeholders in corporate relations. ; У статті розглянуті стан та тенденції розвитку корпоративного управління на вітчизняних підприємствах у порівнянні з іноземними, виявлено проблеми та запропоновано можливі шляхи підвищення ефективності. Вивчено вітчизняну модель корпоративного управління, проаналізовано її переваги та недоліки, узагальнено результативність її використання у національній економіці. Проведено діагностику корпоративного управління окремих вітчизняних корпорацій та визначено перспективи їх подальшого розвитку саме при підвищенні ефективності їх корпоративного управління.

A pragmatic and polity-focused solution for governing a smart city in the direction of sustainability is still missing in theory and practice. A debate about whether a smart city is a pragmatic solution for modern challenges or just a technology-led urban utopia is entangled with the vexed issue of governance. While 'smart governance' has drawn unprecedented interest, the combination of its conceptual vagueness and broad applications couple with a lack of focus on its underlying international and local political paradigms have raised concerns about its utility. This study contributes to restoring attention to the original concept of governance, its differences with governing and government, and the potential challenges resulting from its functionality in its real, multi-layered, and complex contexts. This paper explores the intellectual connection between governance and smart cities, from both an empirical and a conceptual/analytical perspective. From the empirical side, we examine which actors, processes, and relational mechanisms at different levels that have had an impact on the initiation of smart cities in three Norwegian cities: Trondheim, Bergen, and Bodø. We illustrate how the structural sources of the interests, roles, and power in smart city initiatives have caused governance to emerge and change, but have also affected the goals designed by specific actors. ; publishedVersion

Abstract The rains that fell on the city of Rio de Janeiro in April 2019 were the heaviest in decades, affecting people's lives in different ways and causing the death of ten people. In the face of the fragility of environmental governance in this region, this study sought to understand how the topic of climate change was addressed on Twitter during an extreme weather event. We performed a thematic analysis of data from tweets posted between 7 and 10 April 2019 retrieved from the Twitter API using an open source R package, yielding 375,000 tweets. Our findings highlight Twitter users' criticism of climate denial in agendas at different levels of government and suggest that new media such as Twitter open up opportunities for repoliticizing climate change and redemocratizing decision-making spaces in the face of climate injustice.

Distributed ledger technologies (DLTs) such as blockchain have in recent years been presented as a new general-purpose technology that could underlie many aspects of social and economic life, including civics and urban governance. In an urban context, over the past few years, a number of actors have started to explore the application of distributed ledgers in amongst others smart city services as well as in blockchain for good and urban commons-projects. DLTs could become the administrative backbones of such projects, as the technology can be set-up as an administration, management and allocation tool for urban resources. With the addition of smart contracts, DLTs can further automate the processing of data and execution of decisions in urban resource management through algorithmic governance. This means that the technological set-up and design of such DLT based systems could have large implications for the ways urban resources are governed. Positive contributions are expected to be made toward (local) democracy, transparent governance, decentralization, and citizen empowerment. We argue that to fully scrutinize the implications for urban governance, a critical analysis of distributed ledger technologies is necessary. In this contribution, we explore the lens of "the city as a license" for such a critical analysis. Through this lens, the city is framed as a "rights-management-system," operated through DLT technology. Building upon Lefebvrian a right to the city-discourses, such an approach allows to ask important questions about the implications of DLTs for the democratic governance of cities in an open, inclusive urban culture. Through a technological exploration combined with a speculative approach, and guided by our interest in the rights management and agency that blockchains have been claimed to provide to their users, we trace six important issues: quantification; blockchain as a normative apparatus; the complicated relationship between transparency and accountability; the centralizing forces that act on ...

This research aims to learn the role of each government agency and community involved in the policy program for reducing maternal and infant mortality rate in Jember district. Then hope to come up with recommendations for strengthening the role of stakeholders in an effort to realize good governance. Given that in 2012, Jember district was listed as the district with the highest IMR and MMR in East Java. One of the collaborative policy programs launched to reduce the high IMR and MMR in Jember Regency is the Copy of Decision of Jember Regent Number: 188.45 / 101.1 / 012/2015 About Perinatal Maternal Audit Team of Jember Regency Year 2015. The descriptive qualitative research method used (before the C19 pandemic) was in-depth interviews, three FGDs with stakeholders. Data analysis by Spreadly analysis (taxonomic analysis, component analysis and cultural themes). The results showed that the ego-centricity of each government institution was still very prominent, and community participation was still mobilizing. Thus, efforts to strengthen collaborative governance roles are needed through the role of leading actors who are strongly committed to directing, controlling and monitoring policy programs that have been made.

Lebanon's history along with its pluri-confessional nature explain the difficulties in carrying out reforms in the country. A culture of secrecy and a lack of political will have created a breeding ground for corruption in the Land of the Cedars. Long disillusioned and disinterested in the country's politics, Lebanese citizens have contributed themselves by their passivity to the worsening of the country's economic, political and social situation.Exacerbated today by the accumulation of scandals and supported by a new generation, Lebanese citizens took to the streets for the first time in more than 15 years and demanded accountability for political and economic management. In solidarity, the Lebanese people demanded the right to a sincere, transparent, non-corrupt, accountable and responsive government.The current situation – a mixture of political, economic and health crises – has created or reinforced the "need for statehood" among Lebanese citizens. This need concentrates the expectations of a new form of government, a moral government capable of truly protecting citizens and guaranteeing their welfare. The Lebanese demand a responsible state capable of assuming and fully performing its functions. The establishment of a new governance; one that is more transparent, participatory and collaborative, is more than needed today.The Open Government Partnership (OGP) is one of the means to re-establish relations, facilitate the modernization of the state and enable Lebanon to benefit from greater openness. Joining the OGP will promote transparency and collaboration within Lebanese public administrations and will lead to a deepening of democratic life.To better understand Lebanon's interest in joining the OGP, it is necessary to review the main requirements of the OGP, starting with transparency. We will first examine the level of transparency existing in Lebanon (§ 1) and then move on to the importance of developing a policy of openness (§ 2).

Complex relations, a frequent separation of ownership, management, and control functions in banks, as well as turbulent and changeable market conditions make responsible, fair, and transparent corporate governance mechanisms extremely important for these financial institutions. "The culture" of the corporate governance is incorporated into the banking sector of Republic of Serbia and it is based on the national legislation and international governance standards. The aim of the research is to analyze the level of the implementation of international principles of corporate governance in the Serbian banking sector and to assess the adequacy and strength of the national legal and regulatory framework to enable and support such an act. The descriptive method, an analysis and synthesis technique, as well as the analysis of the content of laws, reports, and available national and foreign literature in the field of corporate governance, were used for the preparation of this paper. The result of the research implies the confirmed assumption that the legal and regulatory framework of corporate governance in the banking sector of Republic of Serbia makes the implementation of the international principles of corporate governance possible and sufficiently supports it.

'Smart cities' has become a hegemonic concept in urban discourses, despite substantial criticism presented by scholarly research and activism. The aim of this research was to understand what happens when one of the big digital corporations enters the field of real estate and land use development and urban planning, how existing institutions respond to this, and how modes of urban governance are affected. Alphabet Inc.'s plans for Toronto's waterfront provided insights into these questions. Our investigations traced a complex web of place-making practices that involved all levels of government, the general public, and networks of actors throughout the private sector. Methodologically, the discourse was reconstructed with local fieldwork, interviews with key actors, participating in tours and public meetings, and secondary sources. It was found that Alphabet Inc.'s plan to build a world-class digital city contained some lessons for urban studies and urban planning practice. First, Alphabet Inc.'s plans, which unfolded amidst initiatives to expand the knowledge economy, confirmed concerns that the trajectory of neoliberal, market-driven land use and speculation along the waterfront remains unchanged. Second, digital infrastructures are potentially a Trojan Horse. Third, it was seen that municipalities and their modes of urban planning are vulnerable to the political economic manoeuvrings of large corporate power. Fourth, Alphabet Inc. operates as a post-political package driven by a new coalition of politics, where the smart city is sold as a neutral technology. The controversies surrounding the project, however, stirred a civic discourse that might signal a return of the political.

This governance roadmap aims to guide people and organizations that wish to create or strengthen a network. It is a proposal for providing a structured framework for instituting governance arrangements. It is made up of a governance -process, roadmap and decision tree- with options to be explored and assessed based on the purpose, needs, and capacities of each network. It addresses aspects such as the definition of organizational approach, operational structure, communication channels, decision-making model and financial sustainability. It was built from the analysis of existing governance models and literature review and has guided the implementation of governance models of three regional networks in Iberoamerica. ; Want to contribute? Help us to improve the governance roadmap! Share your comments using: Forum: https://foro.cienciaparticipativa.net/t/hoja-de-ruta-de-gobernanza-para-redes-de-ciencia-de-ciudadana/219 Email: governanceroadmap@outlook.com Twitter @adrisoacha The description of the roadmap will be available in the article (in prep.): Governance roadmap for citizen science networks, a proposal for guiding the process.

This Article deconstructs the substantive, procedural, and structural components of public governance in the United States to explain how the existing legal infrastructure lacks the legal adaptive capacity to manage the wickedness of biodiversity loss. That is, particularly in the context of global anthropogenic climate change, the substantive goals and tools of public action, the processes used by governmental institutions to advance such goals and implement such tools, and the structure of allocated authority among public institutions have been devised in ways that make biodiversity loss virtually impossible to tackle meaningfully. First, the substantive goals of natural resources law are not primarily directed at promoting biodiversity or broader notions of ecological health. Indeed, the range of tools conventionally employed for achieving such regulatory goals are primarily directed at one of several objectives that, at best, have only indirectly been aimed at promoting some version of biodiversity: minimizing direct human harm or other interventions, maintaining historical conditions, or maximizing resource yield. The few more recent interventions that are better directed at promoting ecological health remain rare and inadequate. As a result, it would be misleading to state that we have even attempted to address the biodiversity crisis through governance in any meaningful way. Second, public biodiversity governance lacks procedural legal adaptive capacity. The conventional regulatory and management processes adopted for advancing prevailing natural resource goals and for deciding when and how to employ such strategies are insufficiently tethered to managing both the uncertainties and the dynamics accompanying ecological phenomena. Significant opportunities remain for adapting biodiversity governance to be better directed at promoting learning, reducing uncertainty, and adjusting strategies as ecological conditions shift and managers gain information. Third, the configuration of authority among institutional ...

Demands for a more democratic, transparent and accountable management of the internet were strong when preparing for the World Summit on the Information Society Review (WSIS Review), held in 2015. Partly in response to criticism, the United States initiated a process for transferring responsibility for domain names from the United States to the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). Increased accountability was among the key motivations for this change. ICANN practices what have subsequently been termed multi-stakeholder governance. This article finds that this form of governance is preferable to an intergovernmental governance model both in terms of transparency and accountability. ; publishedVersion